奎屯垦区4月地膜增温效应分析

地膜基本效应是增温、增湿,提高棉花出苗期的积温,对增加棉花单产具有重要作用。4月地膜内外最高地温差值很大,而最低地温则差别很小,平均地温的差值相对稳定,膜内、膜外地温差的形成,除与地膜本身的物理特性和当日的气象条件有关,还与土壤热通量有关。     

哈密故乡河流域水文特性

介绍了故乡河流域的自然地理概况,从降水、蒸发、洪水、径流等方面论述了该流域的水文特性,分析了各水文要素的变化规律,流域百年一遇洪水239m3/s,50a一遇洪水181m3/s。     

基于规则引擎的多元大气信息数据质量检查方法

为了提高气象观测资料的质量,为天气预报以及各类气象业务系统提供可靠的数据来源,提出了一种基于规则引擎的气象观测资料质量检查方法.该方法能对各类常规气象报文进行实时、准确地解码与译码,检查、订正不符合世界气象组织和中国气象局编码规范的报文,并具备灵活的人机交互能力,以适应各类气象观测资料不断发展、变化的要求.该方法的应用,可取代传统的以气候极值检验为主要手段的质量检查方法,提高了实时资料处理的效率,并显著提升了相关气象产品结果的准确性.经实践证明,该方法的应用是行之有效的.     

沟播平铺植棉与气象服务

从沟播平铺植棉的小气候出发 ,客观的分析了此方式的优缺点 ,建议依靠气象科技服务趋利避害 ,充分发挥其小气候优势 ,在风险棉区、次宜棉区植棉     

冻融过程对膨胀土裂隙演化特征的影响

干湿与冻融耦合作用是构成高寒地区恶劣气候条件的基本形式之一,对高寒区膨胀土输水渠道的正常运行产生严重影响。以北疆供水工程渠道现场渠基膨胀土为研究对象,开展了单向湿干及湿干冻融耦合循环作用下的裂隙试验,探讨了冻融过程对膨胀土裂隙演化规律的影响。通过对不同试验条件下的膨胀土试样进行CT扫描及三维重构,获得了不同循环次数作用下膨胀土内部裂隙的演化特征。试验结果表明：湿干及湿干冻融耦合循环作用下试样内部裂隙均呈现出由表层向内部的发展规律,裂隙的区域性分布明显。对比不同试验条件下试样内部裂隙的演化特征可知,湿干冻融耦合循环中的冻融过程对试样裂隙的开展深度影响显著,冻融过程造成试样内部裂隙的破碎断裂,宏观表现为非水平向长裂隙向短裂隙的转化。此外,研究还发现采用裂隙体积分数能较好地评价膨胀土试样经受不同循环次数作用下的裂隙发育规律。     

泡沫塑料富集-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地质样品中微量铊

采用HF-HClO4-HNO3-HCl溶解样品,泡沫塑料富集-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定岩石、土壤、水系沉积物等地质样品中微量铊。以抗坏血酸为基体改进剂,Fe^3＋加入量选择100mg,灰化温度为600℃,原子化温度为1600℃。方法用于测定国家一级标准物质,结果与标准值基本一致。方法精密度（RSD,n=8）为2．88％～6．27％,回收率为95．24％～101．3％,检出限可达0．058μg/g。     

基于统一强度理论的灰土挤密桩应力分析

采用统一强度理论对灰土挤密桩应力进行研究,分析了灰土挤密桩挤密成孔过程及土体处于弹塑性状态时孔周应力情况,得出了灰土挤密桩成孔过程的弹性解及孔壁屈服时的弹性极限荷载,并求出了孔壁均布内压与塑性挤密半径的关系式。该解考虑了中间主应力及拉压性能差异的影响,Mohr-Coulomb解是特例。其结果对于全面研究灰土挤密桩的综合作用效用,进一步节约材料有一定的参考价值。     

延安市宝塔区崩滑地质灾害发育特征与分布规律初探

宝塔区地质灾害发育特征是数量多、密度高、变形模数大,规模以中小型为主.滑坡平面形态典型、剪出口高,基本力学模式简单;崩塌规模小、危害大、变形模式多样;不稳定斜坡坡度跨度大、坡形以直线型为主,潜在危害严重;诱发因素清楚、宏观前兆相对明显、可预防性较强.地质灾害在空间上集中分布在四区和三带内,在时间上集中在雨季.     

Pore pressure tension cut off in two-phase finite element analyses

In the coupled finite element analysis of the two-phase, saturated soils the pore pressure could decrease below the atmospheric pressure in particular when the plastic dilation of the skeleton is accounted for. The consequent reduction of the bulk modulus of the liquid phase is here modelled in a simplified manner through a tension cut off on the pore pressure. Two alternative approaches are outlined in the framework of the finite element method. The first one introduces a unilateral constraint on the nodal pore pressures and involves manipulations on matrices of the assembled mesh, whilst the second approach requires calculations solely at the element level. The effects of the pore pressure tension cut off are illustrated through some undrained test examples in elastic–plastic regime.     

Experimental and numerical study on the fracture of rocks during injection of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-saturated water

Geological sequestration of CO₂ into depleted hydrocarbon reserviors or saline aquifers presents the enormous potential to reduce greenhouse gas emission from fossil fuels. However, it may give rise to a complicated coupling physical and chemical process. One of the processes is the hydro-mechanical impact of CO₂ injection. During the injection project, the increase of pore pressures of storing formations can induce the instability, which finally results in a catastrophic failure of disposal sites. This paper focuses mainly on the role of CO₂-saturated water in the fracturing behavior of rocks. To investigate how much the dissolved CO₂ can influence the pore pressure change of rocks, acoustic emission (AE) experiments were performed on sandstone and granite samples under triaxial conditions. The main innovation of this paper is to propose a time dependent porosity method to simulate the abrupt failure process, which is observed in the laboratory and induced by the pore pressure change due to the volume dilatancy of rocks, using a finite element scheme associated with two-phase characteristics. The results successfully explained the phenomena obtained in the physical experiments.