地下水中铁元素的形成及其控制因素

研究了地下水中铁元素形成的主要控制因素及其分布规律。结果表明，地下水中铁的形成与含水介质及其上覆土层中的铁含量、地下水的酸碱度、地下水的径流条件、氧化还原环境等有密切的关系。     

CPF-V型泡沫塑料富集HCSDAA吸光光度法测定矿石中微量钯

利用含有二苯基硫脲螯合基团的新型 CPF- V型泡沫塑料对分解后的矿样进行富集钯的处理 ,洗脱分离后用 2 -羟基 - 3-羧基 - 5 -磺基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯 (HCSDAA)吸光光度法测定矿石中的钯 ,反应的酸度控制在 p H9.3～ 10 .6 ,共存离子基本不干扰测定 ,钯的最低检测限为 0 .0 9(μg· m l- 1 ) ,通过方法的回收率试验 ,并与其他测定方法进行比较 ,得到了较为满意的结果 ,回收率在 95 .7～ 10 4 .0 %之间。     

岩石中间主应力效应的理论分析

广泛地查阅了国内外参考文献，比较全面系统地收集了九种岩石真三轴压力试验资料，并对其进行了深入细致的理论分析。结果表明，岩石中普遍存在着中间主应力效应，增大中间主应力值可以提高岩石的极限抗压强度，且提高的程度因岩石种类、小主应力值大小等因素的不同而在14％至44％范围内变化。对现有的岩石强度理论进行了细致的分析，并以各种岩石强度理论特别是八面体剪应力强度理论和双剪应力强度理论为基础，结合试验资料，推荐了一个既应用方便、又与试验数据吻合性好的六参数强度准则：τ13=b0 b1σm b2uσ^2 b3uσ^2 b3uσ^2 b4uσ^3 bSτ12。     

Seismic behaviour of multistorey RC wall–frame system versus bare ductile frame system

The wall–frame systems have many known advantages, namely increase of the system's lateral strength and stiffness thereby allowing for a good tangential inter‐storey drift control, and the retention of a satisfactory energy dissipation capacity. However, rocking of the wall could occur as a result of uplifting wall base or concentrated plastic hinge deformations. Problems arising from this phenomenon have significant impact on the system behaviour and hence require extended study. This paper focuses on the wall‐rocking phenomenon due to the concentrated plastic hinge rotation at the wall base. To facilitate a comprehensive evaluation, a six‐storey three‐bay RC wall–frame structure is investigated with comparison to a bare ductile frame by means of earthquake simulation tests. The results revealed that, despite a superior performance over the ductile frame under low to moderate seismic actions, the wall–frame structure deteriorated more rapidly than the bare frame during advanced inelastic response. The increasingly significant rocking of the wall resulted in severe material damage at localized critical regions. Mitigating the wall rocking is seen to be a key to the further improvement of the system performance, and the extent to which this may be achieved by incorporating the three‐dimensional effects is explicitly illustrated by an analytical evaluation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

晶体畸变能对晶体缺陷形成的制约

晶体缺陷控制着不同成因机制的矿物岩石塑性变形，晶体缺陷的形成又受晶体畸变能的制约，同一地质体中的各种矿物，由于晶体畸变能不同，可形成不同的晶体缺陷；而同一矿物不同方向畸变能的不同，也可出现不同的晶体缺陷     

Practical pedotransfer functions for estimating the saturated hydraulic conductivity

The saturated hydraulic conductivity k is one of the most important and widely used geotechnical parameters, commonly involved in a diversity of applications. The value of k depends on many factors, which can be divided into three classes: properties of the fluid, pore size distribution, and characteristics of the solid surfaces. Because the latter two are not necessarily constant within a given deposit, the hydraulic conductivity may vary significantly in space. Engineers and scientists need indications about how changing factors may affect the actual k value. In this paper, the authors propose some simple expressions, based on pedologic properties, to estimate the value of k. Using experimental results of their own and taken from the literature, it is shown that the proposed pedotransfer functions can be used for quickly estimating the k value for granular and plastic/cohesive soils. Such expressions can be employed, with a useful chart format, for the preliminary design phase of a project, and also for estimating the range of k values to be anticipated within a given deposit.     

酞酸酯类物质污染及其危害性研究进展

酞酸酯类化合物是环境中一类极其重要的污染物,它分布广,难降解。详细介绍了酞酸酯物质的概念,环境中该物质的来源,在环境中的分布情况,以及它的危害,尤其侧重介绍了对人体生殖系统的危害。最后介绍了目前国内外酞酸酯污染物分布和危害的研究情况。     

基于自相关的我国农民人均纯收入的空间关联规则挖掘

空间自相关是空间统计的一种分析方法,能在设定显著性水平下研究相邻区域位置属性或现象之间的相关性,是分析区域变量的空间结构特征的有效手段。本文通过时2000～2004年我国农民人均纯收入进行全局和局部空间自相关分析,将区域分布划分为高收入地区、潜在高收入地区及低收入地区,揭示了全国范围内各省农民人均纯收入在整体上呈现出显著的空间正相关特性,其空间聚类趋势明显。     

基于MATLAB的关联规则空间数据挖掘探讨——以济南市平阴县安城乡为例

本文根据关联规则挖掘方法,在Matlab中编写程序,时土地利用现状数据库进行数据挖掘。计算了不同用地类型与坡度之间的支持度和置信度,得出关联规则。通过平阴县安城乡的实证,取得了较好的结果。     

四川盆地卤水同位素组成及氘过量参数演化规律

运用岩石地球化原理对四川盆地卤水的同位素及氘过量参数进行分析,结果发现其具有明显的分布规律特征,盆地内以中三叠世为界同位素的显示出海、陆两大体系,海相沉积含卤层卤水中氢同位素组成均低于海水,而氧同位素则高于海水.卤水(主体)源于海水,不同时期海水的蒸发程度有所差异.由震旦系舍卤层卤水分布区向上,经寒武系、二叠系茅口组至三叠系嘉陵江组、雷口坡组,卤水的δD值随时代变新而相对富重同位素.陆相沉积含卤层卤水,源于大气降水,同位素组成落在大气降水线附近.海、陆过渡相含卤层(上三叠系须家河组)卤水,同位素组成落在海相沉积含卤层卤水与大气降水端员之间,系大气降水和蒸发海水的混合.盆地内不同时代的含卤层,卤水的氘过量参数(d值)有明显随含卤层时代变老逐步降低的趋势.三叠系雷口坡组-嘉陵江组、二叠系茅口组、寒武系及震旦系含卤层均系碳酸盐地层,水/岩作用十分强烈,同时显示出卤水的氘过量参数的变化是时间的函数.所有含卤层,凡是分布于盆地周边或处在断裂构造发育或经过长期开采卤资源的卤井,明显受到大气降水渗漏补给的影响,它们的氘过量参数(d)都有不同程度的升高,升高的程度取决于现代大气降水混入的数量.三叠系不同组含卤层的卤水,卤水d值的变化与平面分布和含卤层的埋深有一定的关联,含卤层埋深愈深,卤水的氘过量参数(d)值就愈低.