大兴安岭漠河砂金富集区岩金找矿思路

大兴安岭漠河地区砂金极为丰富,充分研究区内的地质构造特征、砂金分布和富集规律、区域剥蚀深度等,利用砂金信息寻找岩金是区内岩金找矿工作的有效手段之一.利用砂金矿只能寻找剥蚀残留的那一部分岩金矿.对物源区剥蚀程度和探矿构造分析研究,是在砂金富集区内圈定岩金找矿靶区的关键.溶蚀系数可指示砂金是近或远原生源金矿.Pb同位素可指示成矿母岩,利用矿石、岩浆岩、地层和基底铅同位素全方位对比来判别铅同位素的来源是一种近年来国际上认同的办法,砂矿评价中利用铅同位素寻找母岩已获得成功.本区砂金Pb同位素特征值与源区极为相似,可做为砂金富集区寻找岩金的指示元素.本文旨在论述砂金富集区内砂金与岩金空间位置关系、成因上的联系及岩金成矿特点,为下一步岩金找矿工作提供思路和方法.     

台湾海峡西部海底有用重砂高品位分布与找矿意义

锆石,钛铁矿,金红石,独居石等有用重砂品位分析表明,台湾海峡西部海底各有用重砂存在有高品位分布。中央盆地西部等具有富集成矿条件,相当部分仍在可采水深范围之内,具有找矿意义。     

嫩江上游第四纪砂金矿控矿条件和富集规律的初步研究

在论述了嫩江上游区域地质背景后，总结了该区砂金矿形成的控矿条件和富集规律。提出了决定砂金矿形成的主要因素是丰富的砂金物质来源，有利的外营力作用，适宜的新构造运动和良好的沉积环境，而且要经历搬运－沉积、再搬运－再沉积的复杂过程，才能达到工业要求的富集程度。     

吉林省硅藻土、古砂金矿的一个主要含矿岩系 ——-青杨木沟组的地质特征

新观察和研究确认青杨木沟组岩石地层特征,一是硅藻土矿和古砂金矿的主要含矿层位; 二是在同沉积期间发生过多次玄武岩喷溢事件。前人曾分别命名“青杨木沟组”、“松花江玄武岩”、“小丰满玄武岩”等多个正式或非正式岩石地层单元。青杨木沟组年代地层按照已取得的生物地层和相关玄武岩的测年数据可确认为上新世。     

东昆仑日吉普顶石英斑岩体含金性及其与黑山地区砂金关系探讨

东昆仑黑山地区分布有多处砂金矿,但是岩金找矿没有重大突破,2009年吉林省地质调查院在黑山地区日吉普顶一带发现了具全岩金矿化的石英斑岩体,作者论述了石英斑岩体的含金性,黑山地区砂金的分布特征,特别强调了晚更新世晚期地壳活动相对稳定期冲-洪积层的形成及砂金成矿作用,探讨了日吉普顶含金石英斑岩体与黑山地区砂金矿的物源关系。     

青南高原西部砂金成矿条件分析

青南高原西部,处于柴达木准地台与松潘—甘孜印支褶皱系衔接部位。属于青藏高原北部的可可西里地区,平均海拔4800—5000m,属高寒荒漠干旱气候区。由昆仑山大起伏高山区及江河源高海拔波状平原区组成二级地貌区。通过对该区近代砂金矿形成的物质来源、新构造运动、地貌、气候、水动力条件及供源条件进行分析,认为该区砂金矿床的规模以及砂金找矿的前景并非如人们估计的那样乐观。     

广西合浦官井—西场钛铁矿砂矿床“钛铁矿”矿物学的初步研究

本文通过对广西合浦官井—西场钛铁矿砂矿床中的主要有用矿物“钛铁矿”的研究,探讨其矿物学特征和形成机理,认为:实为钛铁矿在亚热带气候条件下表生作用的氧化变种—高钛钛铁矿—假金红石:该矿床应属海岸阶地沉积氧化变生型高钛钛铁矿—假金红石砂矿床。并指出该类矿物的发现不仅具有矿物学意义,而且对指导寻找高钛矿床有实用价值。     

Sedimentary processes controlling ultralong cells of littoral transport: Placer formation and termination of the Orange sand highway in southern Angola

This study focuses on the causes, modalities and obstacles of sediment transfer in the longest cell of littoral sand drift documented on Earth so far. Sand derived from the Orange River is dragged by swell waves and persistent southerly winds to accumulate in four successive dunefields in coastal Namibia to Angola. All four dunefields are terminated by river valleys, where aeolian sand is flushed back to the ocean; and yet sediment transport continues at sea, tracing an 1800 km long submarine sand highway. Sand drift would extend northward to beyond the Congo if the shelf did not become progressively narrower in southern Angola, where drifting sand is funnelled towards oceanic depths via canyon heads connected to river mouths. Garnet–magnetite placers are widespread along this coastal stretch, indicating systematic loss of the low‐density feldspatho‐quartzose fraction to the deep ocean. More than half of Moçamedes Desert sand is derived from the Orange River, and the rest in similar proportions from the Cunene River and from the Swakop and other rivers draining the Damara Orogen in Namibia. The Orange fingerprint, characterized by basaltic rock fragments, clinopyroxene grains and bimodal zircon‐age spectra with peaks at ca 0·5 Ga and ca 1·0 Ga, is lost abruptly at Namibe, and beach sands further north have abundant feldspar, amphibole‐epidote suites and unimodal zircon‐age spectra with a peak at ca 2·0 Ga, documenting local provenance from Palaeoproterozoic basement. Along with this oblique‐rifted continental margin, beach placers are dominated by Fe–Ti–Cr oxides with more monazite than garnet and thus have a geochemical signature sharply different from beach placers found all the way along the Orange littoral cell. High‐resolution mineralogical studies allow us to trace sediment dispersal over distances of thousands of kilometres, providing essential information for the correct reconstruction of ‘source to sink’ relationships in hydrocarbon exploration and to predict the long‐term impact of man‐made infrastructures on coastal sediment budgets.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锆钛砂矿中铪钛锆

锆钛砂矿是一种极难消解的矿物,除氢氟酸外,几乎不溶于所有的酸,由于矿物中铪、钛、锆含量高,而铪、钛、锆又易水解形成难溶的偏铪酸、偏钛酸、偏锆酸析出,样品前处理给定量分析带来很大困难。传统的化学法繁琐费时,且只能进行锆(铪)合量的分析。本文建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定锆钛砂矿样品中铪、钛、锆的方法。通过筛选四种溶矿方法,确定在刚玉坩埚中用过氧化钠于700℃时熔融样品,硝酸-EDTA浸取盐分前处理矿物,利用EDTA的强络合性质可使铪、钛、锆形成稳定的可溶络合物,制备出有代表性的样品溶液;在ICP-AES分析中,采用Re作为内标和大的高频功率消除了基体效应的影响。方法的精密度(RSD,n=11)低于1.3%,Hf、Ti、Zr的检出限分别为0.97 μg/g、0.86 μg/g、0.33 μg/g。实际样品的测定值与化学分析方法和X射线荧光光谱法的测定结果基本吻合。。本方法采用刚玉坩埚熔矿,提高了样品处理数量,降低了分析成本,适用于难熔锆钛砂矿样品的快速定量分析。     

Erosion and Accretion of a Placer Mining Beach of SW Indian Coast

The erosion/accretion pattern in a placer mining beach on the southwest Indian coast was monitored for five years to study the role of different driving forces. The beach has maximum width during the fair weather months and least in the rough monsoon months. Apart from hydrodynamic processes, sand mining and presence of sea wall are found to be the driving forces for erosion/accretion. Impact of sand mining is not felt on the beach when the mining is within an optimum level, equivalent to the natural replenishment. It is concluded that, though sand mining will cause erosion in the innershelf, the time taken for a measurable impact can be long if the mining volumes are much less than the annual volume changes.