Women in the Field: Critical Feminist Methodologies and Theoretical Perspectives*

Feminist scholars have traditionally emphasized the importance of incorporating “the everyday” worlds of women into the historically masculinist theoretical and empirical foundations of the social sciences. Such emphases have commonly resulted in smaller-scale research projects and more interactive kinds of research methods and methodologies. Feminist geographers have uniquely contributed to the body of feminist scholarship through drawing out the importance of place in everyday constructions of gender and, more recently, sexuality. Critical field-based research has therefore from the beginning been the mainstay of subdisciplinary research. Like the discipline as a whole, however, little explicit attention has been given in publications or pedagogically to the politics of fieldwork (including how a “field” is defined and the politics involved in choosing and working in a particular “field”) or the politics of representation (which includes considerations of the partiality of knowledge and how and to whom we represent our work, ourselves and others in various kinds of texts). These “Opening Remarks” show how these issues are addressed in the papers that follow and how feminist geography has much to contribute to critical analyses of global and multinational processes, including patriarchy, capitalism, and racism.     

北京市零售商业与服务业中心和网点的过去、现在和未来

本文应用了中心地方论的原理与方法，对北京市大城市区零售商业和服务业的形成机制，空间结构与合理预测进行了讨论。     

Housing,Homelessness, and Mental Health: Mapping an Agenda for Geographical Inquiry*

This paper proposes that work by geographers on the relationships between housing, homelessness, and mental health should take into account recent literature concerning the nature of home in contemporary society. Towards this end, we distinguish between literal, incipient, and metaphorical homelessness. We argue that this distinction raises new research questions concerning the experience of households “on the edge of homelessness” and others who are well-housed but, for various reasons, are not “at home” in their present circumstances.     

世界地质遗迹保护和地质公园建设的现状和展望

在2004年6月在中国北京召开了第一届世界地质公园大会和2004年8月在意大利佛罗伦萨举行第32届国际地质大会,来自五大洲数十个国家的地质学家和地质公园管理者发言,展示了各国地质遗产保护现状,地质公园建设中地质遗产的科学研究,公众教育;保护方法技术;与文化遗产的关系;与城市和区域发展规划的关系;与旅游产业发展的关系,地质公园与国家公园的关系;欧、美及非洲、大洋洲和亚洲各国地质公园发展前景等。他山之石,可以攻玉。对照各国的近况,我国在地质遗产的研究和保护方面要保持世界领先地位,在相关法规建设,地学背景研究,人才培养等方面还有大量工作要做。     

响水河钙华形成的水化学特征与碳稳定同位素研究

介绍了贵州小七孔景区的地质构造、气候、植被、水文等自然条件,结合野外监测和室内水化学分析结果,阐述了响水河钙华形成的水化学时空变化,发现钙华沉积主要发生于气温较高,日照强烈的白天.并利用碳稳定同位素分析结果,推断该景区内河成钙华主要是起源于生物成因产生的CO2溶解石灰岩而后在河流下游产生方解石沉积的结果.     

基于多代理人的零售业空间结构模拟

中心地理论的提出由来已久,但对现实中多种因素复杂作用下的中心地体系进行实证研究并指导规划实践一直难以开展。传统模拟研究方法采用数学线性规划的思路,通过优化目标函数来实现对中心地体系的还原与考察,但复杂程度有限,难以用于实证研究和实践。多代理人技术的出现提供了新的研究思路。本文介绍笔者开发的一个零售业空间结构模拟系统。该系统以多代理人技术为基础,通过模拟商业中心和消费者两类代理人的行为,得出商业中心结构分布。商业中心被分为3 个等级,可以根据经营收入调整空间位置和自身服务等级;消费者以一定的频率产生不同等级的购物需求,并以距离为指标选择商业中心作为出行目的地。模拟过程从产生一定数量的一级商业中心开始,经过循环模拟消费者选择行为和商业中心的位置等级调整,最终达到商业中心等级和空间分布的平衡状态。作为对这个模拟系统的检验,分别对5 种典型的消费者空间分布场景进行模拟,包括：均匀分布、单中心、卫星城、分散组团、带形组团。结果表明这个系统的模拟性能稳定,生成的商业中心结构合理。     

九寨沟自然观光地旅游者地方感特征分析

地方感是人文主义地理学“人-地”关系研究中的重要内容。旅游是人们感知和认识环境的重要途径和方式, 旅游者地方感是旅游者与旅游地环境相互作用的结果。通过构建旅游者地方感模型, 以九寨沟为案例研究发现, ① 九寨沟旅游者的地方感在自然风景维度、社会人文维度、旅游功能维度和情感依恋维度等四个维度上存在一定差异; ② 九寨沟的自然风景与环境得到了旅游者较高的感知评价和普遍认同, 是旅游者对九寨沟产生情感依恋的主要因素; ③ 旅游者对九寨沟的社会人文环境的感知评价相对较低, 并影响到对九寨沟旅游环境与功能的感知评价; ④ 旅游者赋予九寨沟更多的是自然观光的意义和审美价值, 九寨沟蕴涵 的民俗文化体验的意义和历史价值并未能被旅游者所充分感知和认识, “藏族村寨”的地方特质没有得到旅游者的足够认同; ⑤ 不同类型旅游者之间的感知评价差异集中在九寨沟的藏 族风情、地方文化、旅游服务、游览秩序和旅游氛围等方面。旅游者地方感研究为自然资源和旅游地规划与管理提供了依据, 具有一定的现实指导和借鉴意义。     

饱和土沉管灌注桩常见缺陷及Q—S曲线特征分析

叙述了在饱和土中使用沉管灌注桩常见缺陷,如断桩、缩颈、夹泥、抽空等,以及探讨赞成缺陷的原因和对应的Q－S曲线特征,对于缺陷控制和基础补强有一定的参考价值。     

THE KIOWA HOMELAND IN OKLAHOMA

ABSTRACT. Kiowa Indians derive their common identity from deep roots in southwestern Oklahoma, an area they call their “homeland.” On this landscape are recognized and distinctive marks, both visible and invisible: The Kiowa have blanketed it with their significant stories. The region is important as a psychological anchor in the Kiowa past and as a core for their modern identity as a distinct people. In this article I explore Kiowa stories, ideas, and feelings about specific landmarks of the homeland. I also step back to discuss how the homeland generates attachments that are not attributable to individual elements within it.     

Obituaries

H. R. Wilkinson 1916—2000. By Derek Spooner
George Colin Lawder Bertram 1911—2001. By Charles Swithinbank
Theodore Monod 1902—2000. By David N Hall