Model for large strain consolidation with compressible pore fluid

A numerical model, called CCPF1 (C onsolidation with C ompressible P ore F luid 1 ), is presented for one‐dimensional large strain consolidation of a saturated porous medium with compressible pore fluid. The algorithm includes all the capabilities of a previous large strain consolidation code, CS2, written for incompressible pore fluid. In addition, fluid density and fluid viscosity are functions of fluid pressure in CCPF1. Generalization of the numerical approach to accommodate these functions requires several modifications to the CS2 method, including phase relationships, intrinsic permeability, pore pressure, fluid potential, and mass flux. Inertial forces are neglected and isothermal conditions are assumed. The development of CCPF1 is first presented, followed by an example that illustrates the effects of pore fluid compressibility on the mechanics of consolidation of saturated porous media. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing. Terrain Analysis and Remote Sensing . JOHN R. G. TOWNSHEND , ed. Environmental Data Use in Computer-assisted Data Handling Systems: The Results of a Survey of Applications in the Pacific Northwest States . KENNETH E. GORDON . Applied Land Use: A Spatial Approach . JOHN F. LOUNSBURY , LAWRENCE M. SOMMERS , AND EDWARD A. FERNALD , eds. The Second Battle of New Orleans: A History of the Vieux Carre Riverfront-Expressway Controversy . RICHARD O. BAUMBACH , JR. AND WILLIAM E. BORAH . Cultural Environmental Archaeology . MYRA SHACKLEY . The Immoral landscape: Female Prostitution in Western Societies . RICHARD SYMANSKI . life Among the Poor in Cairo . UNNI WIKAN , translated by Ann Henning. Women, Work and Property in Northwest India . URSULA SHARMA . The Domestication of Women: Discrimination in Developing Societies . BARBARA ROGERS Economic Optimization in Locational and Transport Analysis . A. G. WILSON , J. D. COELHO , S. M. MACGILL , H. C. W. L. WILLIAMS . New Tools for Economic Development: The Enterprise Zone, Development Bank, and RFC . GEORGE STERNLIEB AND DAVID LISTOKIN , eds. Regional Wage Inflation . R. L. MARTIN , ed. Finding A Place For Energy-Siting Coal Conversion Facilities . FRANK J. CALZONETTI WITH MARK S. ECKERT . Environmental Management, Resources, and Systems Environmentalism. Second Edition . T. O'RIORDAN . Countryside Conservation . BRYN GREEN . Medical Spatial Diffusion: An Historical Geography of Epidemics in an Island Community . A. D. CLIFF , P. HAGGETT , J. K. ORD , AND G. R. VERSEY . Philosophy and Geographic Thought Order and Skepticism: Human Geography and the Dialectic of Science . RICHARD SZYMANSKI AND JOHN A. AGNEW . Measurement of Subjective Phenomena . D. F. JOHNSTON , ed. Conceptions of Space in Social Thought: A Geographic Perspective . ROBERT DAVID SACK . The Association of American Geographers: The First Seventy-five Years: 1904-1979 . PRESTON E. JAMES AND GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . The Life and Thought of Isaiah Bowman . GEOFFREY J. MARTIN . Physical River Basin Planning: Theory and Practice . SURANJIT K. SAHA AND CHRISTOPHER J. BARROW , eds. Soils and landforms: An Integration of Ceomorphology and Pedology . A. I. GERRARD Climatic Change and Society. Consequences of Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide . WILLIAM W. KELLOGG AND ROBERT SCHWARE . Political Political Redistrictings and Geographic Theory . RICHARD L. MORRILL . Population Studies in Spanish American Population History: Dell Plain Latin American Studies NO. 8 . DAVID J. ROBINSON , ed. Population Redistribution in the Midwest . CURTIS C. ROSEMAN , ANDREW J. SOFRANKO , AND JAMES D. WILLIAMS , eds. Geographical Perspectives on the Elderly . A. M. WARNES , ed. Regional Perspective On the American South . MERLE BLACK AND JOHN SHELTON REED , eds. The Prairies and Plains: Prospects for the 80s . JOHN R. ROGGE , ed. Rural Rural Settlement in an Urban World . MICHAEL BUNCE . Social Accident at Three Mile Island: The Human Dimensions . DAVID L. SILLS , C. P. WOLF , AND VIVIEN B. SHELANSKI , eds. The American Small Town: Twentieth-Century Place Images . JOHN JAKLE . Urban A House of My Own . SUSAN LOBO . The City: Patterns and Processes in the Urban Ecosystem . CHRISTOPHER H. EXLINE , GARY L. PETERS , AND ROBERT P. LARKIN . Movement in Cities . P. W. DANIELS AND A. M. WARNES . Urbanization and Urban Planning in Capitalist Society . MICHAEL DEAR AND ALLEN J. SCOT , eds.     

非等步长GM(1,1)模型及其在大堤沉降监测的应用

针对非等步长数据,传统GM方法是构造等步长序列,生成1-AGO序列,再建立等步长GM(1,1)模型。考虑到变形观测序列非等步长特性,以相邻观测时间间隔为权,直接生成1-WAGO序列,建立非等步长GM(1,1)模型。将GM(1,1)模型应用于堤防工程沉降观测分析与预报,得到了有益的结论。     

基于GIS技术的武夷山市农村居民点空间分布特征

农村居民点形成和发展与区域的自然环境有着密切的关系。利用GIS空间分析功能,定量分析农村居民点与海拔高度、坡度、坡向、交通、河流等自然环境因子的关系,结果表明:①武夷山市农村居民点的分布格局受海拔、坡度、坡向、道路、河流的影响比较明显。②农村居民点呈数量多、质量低、大散居、小聚居的空间分布特征,部分居民点分布在不适宜人们居住的区域,有待调整。因此本研究能为武夷山市农村居民点整理、农村居民点规划提供一定的决策支持。     

某新居工程沉降观测基准设计及数据分析

概述了成都市金牛区新居工程侯家B组团(一标段4号楼)沉降观测工程基本情况,就基准点的布设和基准网稳定性做了详细论述,通过监测数据分析该建筑物的变形情况并作出相应结论。     

鲲鹏山变形监测方案设计

通过论述变形监测控制网的建立与优化、变形监测点的布设、变形监测与数据处理的方法,给出了一套比较完整的鲲鹏山变形监测方案。     

建筑物沉降观测方案的设计与数据分析

概述了位于成都市龙泉驿区龙工南路的蔚蓝花城13号楼沉降观测工程基本情况,简单介绍了该楼点位布设及观测周期等情况,其中就基准点的布设和基准网稳定性做了详细论述,并由观测数据结合曲线图分析了该建筑的形变情况并作出相应结论。     

Highlighting: The Federation of Malaysia

Abstract

The connotations and meanings of the term “frontier” have undergone several transitions, mainly from border areas through advance settlement regions to developing regions. These transitions are highlighted in several ways: tracing the idea of the frontier back to its original meanings; providing a critical perspective on experiments for redefinitions of frontiers; and, finally, drawing some conclusions from these redefinitions, notably in light of the evolving global economy.     

基于DPSIRM模型的社区人居环境安全空间分异——以大连市为例

以DPSIRM因果关系模型拟定指标体系,运用模糊层次分析法和综合比较法赋权并量化计算,基于地理信息系统空间分析方法,对大连社区人居环境状况和全空间分异格局进行研究,结果表明:大连市社区人居环境安全单元分为五个类别,即社区人居环境安全评价很差单元、社区人居环境安全评价较差单元、社区人居环境安全评价过渡单元、社区人居环境安全评价较好单元、社区人居环境安全评价优良单元;大连市人居环境安全的空间分布中各分区所占的比例为:人居环境安全区30.598%,人居环境较安全区30.232%,人居环境安全过渡区9.678%,人居环境较不安全区12.299%,人居环境不安全区17.193%;南部滨海区人居环境安全好,北部城乡结合部人居环境安全差,呈现由南向北递减趋势;中部是国家森林公园等植被覆盖好的区域,人居环境安全好。研究表明本文所建评价模型具有普遍性,可用于不同社区人居环境因子的评价与比较。     

苏北地区乡村聚落的空间格局

基于苏北地区2008年卫星遥感影像,通过运用空间插值、空间关联指数、空间变差函数等空间测度模型,深入分析了苏北地区乡村聚落的空间格局特征。结果表明:在空间分布上,苏北地区乡村聚落具有"南密北疏"的特征;在规模分布上,苏北地区乡村聚落表现出很强的空间自相关性,并出现高值簇的空间集聚,其主要集中于徐州、连云港和宿迁等地,总体上呈现"南低北高"的空间分布特征;在形态分布上,苏北地区乡村聚落形态的空间分布格局具有较好的连续性和稳定性。空间分异格局中的随机成份较低,而由空间自相关引起的结构化分异则较为显著。从不同方向来看,苏北地区乡村聚落形态分布表现出一定的各向异性,其中东南-西北方向的乡村聚落形态呈现出明显的阶梯状分布特征,自东南向西北,聚落形态具体表现为由带状、长矩形、矩形到方形或不规则团块状的渐进性演变。总体来看,苏北地区乡村聚落的空间格局具有明显的空间依赖性。