论地质体不均匀性的普遍性

在对国内各向异性研究与应用的概况进行综合评述的基础上, 根据不同尺度地质体的物性空间分布, 提出地质调查中地质单元物性的不均匀性是普遍存在的现象, 物探工作中如果重视了不均匀性的存在, 则有利于提高物探资料处理与解释的可靠性。     

青海省江格尔铜-金(银)矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

江格尔矿区投入了大量的地表地质工作,但深部工作程度甚低.已发现的金-铜矿体及复合矿体具有成群分布的特点.矿体的形成与燕山期中酸性岩浆活动有关,矿体的分布明显受断裂构造控制.通过对成矿特征、成矿条件的深入分析,认为江格尔地区具有很好的找矿前景.提出了江格尔矿区今后的找矿方向应从金转向以铜为主,兼顾金、砷、银、铅的综合找矿,含矿破碎带的深部是本区找矿突破的关键.     

菲律宾西萨马省铝土矿基本地质特征及成矿机理初探

研究认为,西萨马省铝土矿具有相似的基本地质特征与相同的成矿要素与机理,其成矿机理为：风化破碎的高铝中基性岩搬运至附近的岩溶洼地,热带海洋季风气候的湿热环境植被发育,微生物滋生,微生物腐蚀岩石产生有机酸-弱酸不断淋滤洼地堆积物,使硅质活化迁移而铁铝富集形成红土型三水铝土矿.     

数字制图中生僻汉字信息处理

在 1:2 50 0 0 0地图数据库生僻汉字统计的基础上 ,通过生僻汉字的编码、字模的制作、代码的编制、输入法的生成以及矢量汉字的使用等 ,提出了在GBK的基础上进行再扩展的技术和方法 ,从而解决了数字制图中生僻汉字处理的问题。     

临夏州冰雹的地形因素

通过对临夏州冰雹天气活动与地形关系的分析,研究了降雹的地形特点和分布特征,初步揭示了地形对冰雹天气的影响作用。分析结果表明,对产生冰雹的突发性系统,地形起到阻挡气流并使其折转汇合、迅速发展的作用,并加速剧烈的垂直运动,使此范围内雹灾严重。     

统计物理学在地震预报中的应用

将统计物理学中相变临界现象与震源孕育模式相结合,讨论了地震预报问题。这些临界现象是：长程关联、涨落加剧、奇异吸引子、岔点外敏、临界慢化、趋向分维、临界乳光、λ型、临界软模等。以上临界现象对应的前兆,是综合预报的物理基础。     

Ground clutter cancellation in incoherent radars: solutions for EISCAT Svalbard radar

Incoherent scatter radars measure ionosphere parameters using modified Thomson scatter from free electrons in the target (see e.g. Hagfors, 1997). The integrated cross section of the ionospheric scatterers is extremely small and the measurements can easily be disturbed by signals returned by unwanted targets. Ground clutter signals, entering via the antenna side lobes, can render measurements at the nearest target ranges totally impossible. The EISCAT Svalbard Radar (ESR), which started measurements in 1996, suffers from severe ground clutter and the ionosphere cannot be measured in any simple manner at ranges less than about 120–150 km, depending on the modulation employed. If the target and clutter signals have different, and clearly identifiable, properties then, in principle, there are always ways to eliminate the clutter. In incoherent scatter measurements, differences in the coherence times of the wanted and unwanted signals can be used for clutter cancellation. The clutter cancellation must be applied to all modulations, usually alternating codes in modern experiments, used for shorter ranges. Excellent results have been obtained at the ESR using a simple pulse-to-pulse clutter subtraction method, but there are also other possibilities.     

Climate hypersensitivity to solar forcing?

We compare the equilibrium climate responses of a quasi-dynamical energy balance model to radiative forcing by equivalent changes in CO₂, solar total irradiance (S_tot) and solar UV (S_UV). The response is largest in the S_UV case, in which the imposed UV radiative forcing is preferentially absorbed in the layer above 250 mb, in contrast to the weak response from global-columnar radiative loading by increases in CO₂ or S_tot. The hypersensitive response of the climate system to solar UV forcing is caused by strongly coupled feedback involving vertical static stability, tropical thick cirrus ice clouds and stratospheric ozone. This mechanism offers a plausible explanation of the apparent hypersensitivity of climate to solar forcing, as suggested by analyses of recent climatic records. The model hypersensitivity strongly depends on climate parameters, especially cloud radiative properties, but is effective for arguably realistic values of these parameters. The proposed solar forcing mechanism should be further confirmed using other models (e.g., general circulation models) that may better capture radiative and dynamical couplings of the troposphere and stratosphere.     

Ion upflow and downflow at the topside ionosphere observed by the EISCAT VHF radar

We have determined the MLT distribution and KpK_P dependence of the ion upflow and downflow of the thermal bulk oxygen ion population based on a data analysis using the EISCAT VHF radar CP-7 data obtained at Tromsø during the period between 1990 and 1996: (1) both ion upflow and downflow events can be observed at any local time (MLT), irrespective of dayside and nightside, and under any magnetic disturbance level, irrespective of quiet and disturbed levels; (2) these upflow and downflow events are more frequently observed in the nightside than in the dayside; (3) the upflow events are more frequently observed than the downflow events at any local time except midnight and at any K_P level and the difference of the occurrence frequencies between the upflow and downflow events is smaller around midnight; and (4) the occurrence frequencies of both the ion upflow and downflow events appear to increase with increasing KP level, while the occurrence frequency of the downflow appears to stop increasing at some KP level     

华南加里东期金矿床的基本特征

华南加里东期金矿床分布广泛,既可产在华南加里东褶皱带内,也可发育在毗邻的江南隆起上。其共同特征是矿床产在加里东期构造变形带或变质带中,受深大断裂带及其分支构造所控制,成矿物质主要来自赋矿围岩。产在隆起上的矿床赋矿围岩时代较老,均为元古宙变质细碎悄岩类;矿物及元素组合比较简单,常见单金型。产于褶皱带中者其围岩除元古宙－寒武纪变质细碎屑岩外,还有火山岩、侵入岩及沉积岩,时代为元古宙－－志留纪;矿物及元