南海深海柱状沉积物中孢粉和藻类研究及古环境意义

对南海东南部323站深海柱状剖面高分辨率孢粉和藻类进行了研究，将323站从下至上划分为4个孢粉组合带，依次为：1带：Polypodiaceae-Piaceae-Pinus-Quercus（常绿）－Dacrydium-Gramineae；2带：Dicranopteris-Quercus(常绿）－Pinus-Polypodiaceae-Cyathea；3带：Polyodiaceae-Pinus-Cyperaceae-Quercus（常绿）－Lycopodium；4带：Dicranopteris-Pteridinium-Pinus-Cyathea-Polypodiaceae。并相应恢复了南海75000a以来4个植被、气候演替阶段，依次为：暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林－炎热、湿润的热带季雨林－暖热而稍干的热带北缘半常绿季雨林－炎热、湿润的热带季雨林，结合氧同位素测年资料，对323站地层时代划分作了讨论，为南海古气候、古环境演变研究提供了科学的依据。     

Trophic Potential and Photoecology of Endolithic Algae Living within Coral Skeletons

Abstract. The biomass of the endolithic algae Ostreobium quekettii Phyllosiphoniaceae living within skeletons of the scleractinans Mycedium elephantotus and Leptoseris fragilis averages 300 μg protein. cm^-2. This represents approximately 7% of the protein of the zooxanthekie-containing tissue of M. elephantotus and approximately 38% of that of L. fragilis. Oxygen production Pmax_net of 0. querkettii in bare skeletons of M. elephantotus averaged 0.7 μg O₂.cm^-2· h^-1 measured in large skeletal fragments. This amount is approximately 6% of the productivity of the zooxanthellae Symbiodinium microadriaticum living in the same scleractinian species at the same depth Pmax_net 11 μg O₂· Cm^-2· h^-1. Light compensation of O. quekettii - within skeletons - was reached at approximately 10 and saturation at 35 40 μE·m^-2· s^-1. Algae within the M. elephantotus skeletons receive a maximum of 4–6% of the ambient irradiance, which is approximately 0.9 μE · m^-2· s^-1 approximately 0.04% surface irradiance at a depth of 88 m. In L. fragilis at a depth of 145 m, the photon flux decreases to 0.3 μE·m^-2· s^-1, which is less than 0.004% of surface intensity. With increasing depth, the ratio of Chl b to Chl a increased in endolithic algae colonizing L. fragilis, indicating improvement of light harvesting under low light conditions. In free-living O. quekettii cultured at irradiance levels from 0.5–60 μE·m^-2· s^-1, the concentrations of chlorophylls increased and that of siphonein and β-carotene decreased with decreasing photon flux.     

Scytosiphon Iomentaria (Phaeophyta) as an Indicator of Heavy-Metal Contamination of Sea Waters

Abstract. The brown alga Scytosiphon lomentaria is discussed as a possible indicator of heavy-metal contamination of marine coastal waters. A comparison with other brown algae shows that a strong development of the specific surface of S. lomentaria thallus increases the ability of accumulating suspended iron and lead from ambient waters. The paper presents the results obtained from several localities in the Sea of Japan. Scytosiphon has an advantage over other indicator species used in the monitoring of sea heavy-metal contamination due to its virtually "cosmopolitic" distribution.     

黄岛油码头底栖海藻研究

本文对黄岛油码头潮间带底栖海藻进行了年周期（1992．11—1993．9）的研究观察，分析了全年藻类的种群结构和季节变化，生物量变比，并于1993年1月和3月对该地水质进行了分析。全年共采集底栖海藻49属56种，其中绿藻类6属8种；褐藻类12属14种；红藻类31属34种。     

Investigation of the carrageenans extracted from Solieria filiformis and Agardhiella subulata from Mar Piccolo, Taranto

Dried samples of the red algae Solieria filiformis and Agardhiella subulata from Mar Piccolo, Taranto, were extracted by stirring in water at 25 (Cold), 85 (Hot) and 120 (pressure) °C. For each species, six successive cold, three hot and two pressure extractions were performed and analyzed separately. Water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated after treatment with amylase, alcohol precipitation, dialysis and freeze drying. The total, starch-free yields were 27 and 24% of the dry weight for S. filiformis (SF) and A. subulata (AS), respectively. FTIR and NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the different cold and hot water extracts had a similar structural backbone, which can be characteristic of gelling type carrageenans with a dominant iota repeating structure (DA2S-G4S). However, some irregularities were detected by NMR, which may be attributed to 6-sulphated 4-linked precursor units. The occurrence of such and other irregularities was more frequent in the SF samples, giving a possible explanation for the enhanced extractability in cold water of carrageenan polymers from this species.     

沐官岛潮间带底栖海藻春秋季节的群落构成、生物量、分布及其变化的初步研究

于1990年5月和11月份海藻生长繁殖季节，进行两次不同方位定性和定量采集工作，结果定性样品42种，东南方位种数大大超过其它3个方位，群落构成以红藻为主，定量样品两个季度月平均生物量也以东南方位最高。该岛主要优势种为鼠尾藻。     

Reasons for Spatial Microdistributions of Foraminifers in an Intertidal Pool (Northern Adriatic Sea)

Abstract. The spatial microdistribution of foraminifers was tested by the method of quadratic samplings on 2 sample grids in an intertidal pool of the northernmost Adriatic sea. Abundant species of foraminifers exhibit patchy distributions throughout; the distribution-patterns of some species correspond nearly completely. Using statistical methods (regression- and correlation-analyses) correlations to abiotic and biotic factors (water depth, exposure rate, seagrass, benthonic algae) were ascertained. The significant correlations of the foraminiferal frequencies to blue-green algae and/or diatoms enable an interpretation of these connexions as food dependences. Several foraminiferal species seem to have specific diets.     

Community volunteer assessment of recreational water quality in the Hutt River,Wellington

ABSTRACT

Water is an important component of many recreational opportunities and New Zealand invests significant resources in recreational water quality (RWQ) monitoring to assess risks to public health. However, monitoring primarily focuses on microbiological hazards and RWQ is considerably broader than this. The goal of this study was to take a comprehensive approach to evaluating RWQ while exploring the potential for greater public involvement in monitoring. A popular river swimming site was co-monitored weekly by volunteers and a council field officer. The attributes monitored–water temperature, visual clarity, benthic cyanobacteria and filamentous periphyton cover, E. coli and rubbish–were identified from a volunteer workshop. There was good concordance between volunteer and council data suggesting that volunteer measurements can be considered reliable. This highlights the potential for volunteers, with professional support, including training and quality assurance, to extend council RWQ surveillance to additional monitoring sites while improving public engagement on water management.     

黄、渤海辽宁海区底栖海藻的研究

本文报告了黄、渤海在辽宁海区底栖海藻的种类组成，区系性质、群落结构扣季节性变化。经调查共有底栖海藻166种，分别隶属于蓝藻门、红藻门、褐藻门扣绿藻门，其中包括经济海藻75种。黄、渤海底栖海藻的温度性质以暖温带为主，带有一定的亚热带性，其群落成分的季节性变化非常明显。