Hazard mapping based on macroseismic data considering the influence of geological conditions

The object of this study is to consider directly the influence of regional geological conditions on the assessment of seismic hazard. It is assumed that macroseismic data at individual locations contain, in an average way, the influence of geological conditions.A Data Base referring to 199 historical (5) and instrumental (194, in the 1947–1993 period) events with macroseismic information in 1195 locations of Portugal was built. For any given seismic event, whenever macroseismic information was available at a location (town, village, etc.), an EMS-92 intensity value was estimated. To each one of those locations a geological unit, representing the most common type of soil, was assigned, based on the Geological Portuguese Map at a scale 1:500 000; the geological units were grouped into three categories: soft, intermediate and hard soils.The Data Base was used to determine the attenuation laws in terms of macroseismic intensity for the three different geological site conditions, using multiple linear regression analysis. The reasonability of the laws was tested by (i) checking residual distributions and (ii) comparing the map of isoseismals of important earthquakes with the isoseismals generated by the attenuation curves derived for each one of the three different soil classes, taking into consideration the soil class of each site. The main results of attenuation modeling are: high dispersion on macroseismic intensity data; all the models predict intensity values, for short hypocentral distances, lower than the ones observed; and for some important analyzed earthquakes and for the observed range of distances, the models confirm the expectancy that macroseismic intensity increases from hard to soft soil.The approach to obtain the hazard assessment at each location consisted in the use of the attenuation law specifically derived for the class of soil of that particular location. This method, which considers the influence of the regional geology, was illustrated with the mapping of hazard for the country for several return periods. Comparison with previous maps not taking into consideration the regional geological conditions emphasizes the importance of this new parameter. It can be concluded that (i) soil segmentation is clearly the cause for hazard increase in the region to the north of Lisbon, especially at sites with soft and intermediate soils as the ones in lower Tagus valley; the maximum increase on hazard is, in any case, less than one degree; (ii) when geological conditions are disregarded in the attenuation regression analysis, hazard pattern is similar to the one obtained for the case of hard soil everywhere.     

弹性波CT技术及应用

弹性波ＣＴ技术是一种新的物探方法。本文简单地介绍了该技术的方法原理及影响图像重建的因素，并以实例说明了弹性波ＣＴ技术在煤矿井下的应用效果     

煤矿采空区场地建筑适宜性工程地质研究方法

简述了煤矿采空区场地存在的工程地质问题；提出了查明采空区场地工程地质条件的现场勘察和室内模拟研究方法。并结合采空区活化特点，对采空区场地建筑适宜性作了分析；提出了地基处理和建筑物防护措施     

新疆布尔克斯岱金矿床含金矿物标型特征及其地质意义

对布尔克斯岱金矿床的主要含金矿物采用多种测试手段进行研究：如重砂、化学分析、Ｘ射线衍射分析、电子探针、ＥＰＲ谱、数学地质和包裹体分析等。对矿物特征及其与金矿化的关系作了较详细的研究。对确定矿床成因、找矿标志和成矿预测有一定意义。为矿床外围和深部找矿提供了依据。     

陕西蓝田地区新第三纪地层划分的几点讨论

蓝田地区灞河组和蓝田组的时代归属是我国三趾马动物群分期的关键问题之一。通过与府谷老高川三趾马动物群的对比及古地磁测定，该区新第三纪地层可分为上新统静乐组（原蓝田组上部）、蓝田组（原蓝田组下部）和灞河组．蓝田组的地质时代可归保德期庙梁亚期，地质年龄约为距今５．３—５．０Ｍａ期间．灞河组的地质时代可与喇嘛沟动物群的对比，为保德早期或稍早．     

安徽省大别山南部宿松杂岩变质作用研究

宿松杂岩的变质作用可分为３个阶段：早期、主期和晚期阶段。主期阶段的矿物组合在云母片岩中为石榴石＋多硅白云母＋石英＋磁铁矿±钠云母±绿帘石／黝帘石；在白云母钠长（二长）片岩和片麻岩中为石榴石＋多硅白云母＋钠长石＋石英＋绿帘石／黝帘石±冻蓝闪石；在石榴石钠长角闪岩中为石榴石＋冻蓝闪石＋钠长石＋黝帘石＋石英±钠云母±金红石／磁铁矿。根据多种地质温压计和变质反应可以推测主期变质条件为：Ｔ＝５２０℃～５８０℃，Ｐ＝１．２～１．４ＧＰａ，地热梯度为１２℃／ｋｍ，相当于高压过渡型。晚期阶段变质条件为：Ｔ＝４６０℃～４８０℃，Ｐ＝０．６～０．７ＧＰａ，为中压绿帘角闪岩相。宿松杂岩的变质条件介于其南部的蓝闪绿片岩相和北部的榴辉岩相之间，三者是扬子板块向华北板块之下俯冲到不同深度的产物。     

岩浆活动与油气成藏地质条件的关系

结合国内外众多含油气盆地中岩浆活动对油气生储盖及圈闭等条件的影响，探讨了岩浆活动与油气成藏地质条件的关系。岩浆活动伴随的高热流可以提高盆地古地温，加速烃源岩演化，亦将使与岩浆岩毗邻的烃源岩达到高成熟或过成熟；岩浆岩及其围岩蚀变带可成为良好的特殊储层；岩浆活动还可形成一些特殊类型的圈闭。另一方面，若岩浆活动时间与油气生成、运移与聚集时间不匹配，将对油气藏的形成与保存起较大的破坏作用。     

江西利山金矿床地质特征及控矿构造

本文较系统地阐述了利山金矿床的各项地质特征，并重点就控矿构造问题进行了总结讨论，认为ＮＷＷ向断裂带严格控制了所有金矿体的产出。ＮＮＥ、ＮＮＷ向断裂与ＮＷＷ向断裂带的交汇部位控制了富矿段的产出。在此基础上初步探讨了矿床成因及找矿方向，这对该地区的找矿评价和开发均具有实际意义     

赣西北地区修水县联测图组1：5万区调主要进展与体会

本文重点总结赣西北地区修水县联测图１∶５万区调取得的主要进展与区调方法上的创新。其中，在中元古界双桥山群浅变质岩系中所识别、填绘出的近东西向紧闭同斜倒转褶皱，叠加近南北向开阔圆滑褶皱，在中小型陆相红盆中探索出的运用数理统计与沉积学研究相结合确定冲积扇体，并用扇体与岩性段双重方法予以图面表达以及第四纪研究成果等取得的重要进展。此外，就有关提高区调质量等问题浅谈其体会。     

大长沙火山岩盆地铀成矿条件分析

文章分析了盆地的火山活动、火山岩的地球化学特点和铀矿化特征。认为盆地是塌陷式的，岩浆活动分为两个旋迥，并且不同族迥的岩浆来源深度不同。盆地发育有多期次的矿化蚀变，铀源有地幔铀、基底铀及盖层蚀变而迁移出的活化铀。盆地断裂构造发育，有较好的矿质沉淀场所，又处在有利的铀成矿区域背景之下，因此具有较大的铀成矿远景。