松辽东缘中生代含煤盆地充填序列及在能源勘探中的意义

松辽东缘在晚侏罗世一早白垩世期间发育一系列ＮＥ向含煤断陷盆地。主要含煤层位是晚侏罗世沙河子组和早白垩世大羊草沟组。盆地的充填特征具有明显的规律性．基本上为三段式。反映在拉张裂陷－萎缩抬升的背景下盆地的演化特点。聚煤作用发生在特定的演化阶段。对盆地充填序列的研究有助于指导能源资源的勘探。     

燕山中、新元古代裂陷槽构造旋回层序研究──兼论裂陷槽构造旋回概念及级序的划分

本文依据裂陷槽构造控制及演化规律的原则提出了裂陷槽构造旋回层序的概念，并同时给出了相应的三级划分方案。应用裂陷槽构造旋回层序的概念研讨了燕山地区中、新元古代裂陷槽构造旋回层序的发育特征。燕山裂陷槽发育４个构造阶段旋回层序，即裂张断陷、裂张均衡、均衡负载和盖层构造阶段旋回层序，其中又有序叠加了１８个构造期和８２个构造幕旋回层序。前一类层序主要受控于导致裂陷槽形成、发育的区域构造；后两类构造旋回层序受裂陷槽构造演化及所驱动的构造海平面双重控制。     

歧口凹陷西坡白水头构造沙一段下部油气成藏期次研究

根据储层的成岩序次、油气包裹体特征及含烃盐水包裹体均一温度,结合构造活动特征及烃源岩的演化史,对歧口凹陷西坡白水头构造沙一段下部油气藏进行了成藏期次综合研究。认为该油气藏有三期油气充注过程:第一期发生在馆陶组末到明化镇组下段沉积早中期,约为11.5～8Ma,源区沙三段烃源岩有机质处于低成熟阶段,油气来源不足,成藏规模小;第二期发生在明化镇下段沉积末期到明化镇上段沉积初期,约为5Ma±,白水头构造各主要断层活动强烈,沙三段烃源岩开始进入生排烃高峰,油气运聚规模较大;第三期发生在明化镇上段沉积中晚期到第四系初期,约为3.5～2Ma,烃源岩整体处于生排烃高峰,各大断层活动有所减弱,但仍控制着油气的大规模垂向运移,成藏规模大。     

福建漳州牛头山火山地质公园火山喷发层序及岩相

牛头山火山地质公园位于风景壮观秀丽的闽南漳州市海滨，构造位置处于平潭一东山北东向断裂带中段，火山口坐落在龙海市隆教乡白塘村附近，涨潮时古火山口部分被海水淹没成为孤立于海中的小岛，退潮时，火山口全貌再露海面，火山口附近有一深槽（凹地），直径约8m，低于周围岩石3m，火山岩地层为新第三纪佛昙组上段玄武岩，根据岩性分布特征及岩石结构构造和岩层的产状等。可划分为喷溢相和火山颈相，是省内保存较完好的新生代古火山机构。     

新疆罗布泊地区近3.2万年沉积物的气候环境记录*

文章对新疆罗布泊地区罗北洼地CK-2钻孔自顶部到10.35m的岩芯,按5cm间隔取样,进行了磁化率、粒度、色度、碳酸盐、有机质含量和pH值的12项环境代用指标的测定,以及相关样品的质谱-铀系法定年,得出了近32000年以来在该地区经历的4个冷湿和暖干变化的气候-环境序列:阶段Ⅰ(31.98~19.26kaB.P.),处于晚韦克萨尔冰期的早期,经历了全球变化的未次盛冰期(23~19kaB.P.),12项环境指标的统计平均值为-0.8773,是本序列的最低值,对应为最强的冷湿期;阶段Ⅱ(19.26~13.53kaB.P.)为继后的间冰期,相应环境指标的统计平均值为+0.5233,环境转为暖干期;阶段Ⅲ(13.53~12.73kaB.P.)为晚韦克萨尔冰期的晚期和得里亚斯冰期,也是全球未次冰期的晚期,其环境指标统计平均值为-0.1075,环境转冷湿;阶段Ⅳ(12.73kaB.P.~近代)为全新世温暖期,其环境指标统计平均值为+1.275,是本序列的最高值,气候转为强暖干期。在阶段Ⅳ,12.08~11.80kaB.P.处出现了新仙女木(YD)的冷事件,10~9kaB.P.为全新世期内最早出现暖事件的时间。从冰期与间冰期的旋回分析,本区的气候-环境变化与全球同步,反映出受到全球变化的主旋律制约。从区域的特征分析,由于受到青藏高原的隆升、西风的加强,而西南和东亚季风的减弱,出现了冷/湿和暖/干的气候-环境变化的大格局,其不同于我国东部季风气候区的冷/干、暖/湿变化的大趋势。从环境代用指标的统计值(从-0.8773到+1.275)表明,本地区的干旱化进程是自然变率的必然结果,到全新世温暖期间更为突出。而近数千年或近数十年的人类活动营力只起到了叠加或促成的作用。     

Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian transgressive–regressive sequences of central Spitsbergen,Arctic Norway

Investigation of the Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian sedimentary strata of central Spitsbergen shows that this highly cyclic rock succession is composed of four long-term transgressive–regressive cycles. These long-term cycles are themselves composed of stacked higher order cycles. Transgressive phases are characterized by increasing accommodation space, and include a basal transgressive part of marked retrogradation of facies belts and thickening-upward component cycles. Regressive phases are characterized by decreasing accommodation space, displayed by progradation of facies belts, overall shallowing and increased restriction of the depositional environment, influx of coarse terrigenous sediments and increasing evidence of exposure and/or non-deposition. The oldest transgressive–regressive sequence identified, Sequence 1, is of Serpukhovian to Bashkirian age and represents a syn-rift sequence. Also composed of syn-rift sediments is the transgressive–regressive Moscovian to mid-Gzhelian-aged Sequence 2. The late Gzhelian to late Asselian Sequence 3 is mainly a post-rift sequence. The youngest sequence, Sequence 4, is of Sakmarian to possible Artinskian age, and is also composed of post-rift sediments. The individual transgressive–regressive cycles are defined as second-order cycles, based on lithological signatures, lateral extent of bounding unconformities, and the actual time period the cycles span. Local tectonic activity is believed to control to some extent the development of short-term cycles in the syn-rift succession. However, cyclicity within the long-term cycles is mainly controlled by eustatic sea-level fluctuations, and therefore enables them to be correlated to other Circum-Arctic regions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.