振动采油工艺及增产效果分析

振动采油工艺是近两年研究开发的一种物理采油新工艺，尽管起步晚，增产机理还不清楚，但它的应用效果及推广前景引起了人们的关注和重视。本文就这一工艺研究开发进展情况作了概述，地增产效果进行了分析。     

Partial melting during tectonic exhumation of a granulite terrane: an example from the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica

Anatectic migmatites in medium- to low-pressure granulite facies metasediments exposed in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica, contain leucosomes with abundant quartz and plagioclase and minor interstitial K-feldspar, and assemblages of garnet–cordierite–spinel–ilmenite–sillimanite. Qualitative modelling in the system K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O–TiO₂–O₂, in conjunction with various P–T calculations indicate that the high-grade retrograde evolution of the terrane was dominated by decompression from peak conditions of c. 7 kbar at c. 800 °C to 4–5 kbar at c. 750 °C. Extensive partial melting during decompression involved the replacement of biotite by the assemblage cordierite–garnet–spinel within the leucosomes. These leucosomes represent the site of partial melt generation, the cordierite–garnet–spinel–ilmenite assemblage representing the solid products and excess reactants from the melting reaction. The extraction and accumulation of this decompression-generated melt led to the formation of syntectonic pegmatites and extensive granitic plutons. Leucosome development and terrane decompression proceeded during crustal transpression, synchronous with upper crustal extension, during a progressive Early Palaeozoic collisional event. Subsequent retrograde evolution was characterized by cooling, as indicated by the growth of biotite replacing spinel and garnet, thin mantles of cordierite replacing spinel and quartz within metapelites, and garnet replacing orthopyroxene and hornblende within metabasites. P–T calculations on late mylonites indicate lower grade conditions of formation of c. 3.5 kbar at c. 650 °C, consistent with the development of late cooling textures.     

地球化学样品中硒的循序提取技术

研究开发了一种硒的循序偏提取步骤，将地球化学样品中的硒选择性地循序提取到六个“操作上”定义的相态中：水溶性硒（水提取）；吸附在氧化矿物和粘土矿物上配位可交换的亚硒酸根离子（０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４提取）；与有机质结合的硒（０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ４Ｐ２Ｏ７提取）；与铁锰铝氧化物和碳酸盐结合的硒（４．０ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ提取）；硫化物中的硒（ＫＣｌＯ３＋浓ＨＣｌ提取）；硅酸盐残渣中以副矿物和被硅质包裹的硒微粒存在的硒（ＨＦ＋ＨＮＯ３＋ＨＣｌＯ４强混合酸溶解）。对提取步骤的可行性和实用性作了详细的讨论。     

松潘两岔河高砷高锑金矿石氰化提金工业试验

高砷高锑金矿石属难处理矿石之一，通过对两岔河高砷高锑金矿石采用碱浸预处理后进行堆浸和池浸氰化提金试验，获得了金浸出率76．80％和86．76％的较好指标，为该矿床的开发利用提供了一个工艺简单、经济上可行的途径。     

北京地区遥感环形构造信息提取与金矿预测

解译了北京地区航片上的环形构造，对环形构造解译图进行了数字化处理，运用数理统计方法分析了环形构造的空间分布特征及其与金矿化作用的关系，最后得到了环形构造密度异常与金矿分布之间具有正相关关系等新认识。     

无锡、常州郊区发生地裂缝

无锡、常州郊区发生地裂缝近年来，无锡石塘湾西蔡一秦村～带、常州横林分别出现了地裂缝，其中以钱桥毛村园最为严重，该处地裂缝于１９９１年夏初步形成，随后不断扩大，目前已具一定规模，长约７００ｍ，总体宽约６０ｍ，呈近东西向分布，并造成附近数十间楼房产生大量...     

Hydrous pyrolysis of a Type III source: fractionation effects during primary migration in natural and artificially matured samples

A core from the Cambay Shale Formation of the Cambay Basin, containing immature Type III organic matter, was pyrolysed at 300°C for different durations of time to different maturation levels. Fractionation effects were studied employing a three-step extraction technique after removal of the expelled pyrolysate. The extractable organic matter (EOM) obtained on extraction of the whole core is assumed to be that present in open pores, while that obtained on finely crushing the sample is assumed to be that present in closed pores. The EOM obtained from 1 cm chips is termed EOM from semi-open pores. The gross composition of the pyrolysates expelled during pyrolysis is not similar to the oils reservoired in the area, and there is no significant fractionation observed between expelled pyrolysates and unexpelled EOM. Our study indicates movement of fluids between closed, semi-open and open pores. In both systems, there is a higher concentration of EOM in open pores than in semi-open and closed pores, and the fraction of EOM in open pores is much greater in the artificial system than in the natural system. Fractionation effects on n-alkane and isoprenoid hydrocarbon-based parameters were also studied. n-Alkenes are present in semi-open and closed pores of the immature core and in the core after it was pyrolysed to 300°C for 6 and 48 h, but are absent in the open pores. n-Alkenes are present in closed pores in the naturally matured core. Presence of n-alkenes in the pyrolysates expelled during the 6 and 48 h experiments, but their absence in the open pores of the core, indicates that expulsion also occurs through temporary microfractures during laboratory pyrolysis, whereas in the natural system expulsion from closed pores seems to be only via semi-open and open pores.     

钛（Ⅳ）的反相萃取柱色层新体系研究及应用

本文研究了以ｃＨＣｌ＝８ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１盐酸为移动相，以聚四氟乙烯负载的钽试剂－ＣＨＣｌ３为固定相反相萃取层析钛（Ⅳ）的新体系，柱上层析的钛用ｃＨＣｌ＝３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１盐酸洗脱后经二安替比林甲烷光度法测定，不仅钛回收率可达１００％，并可使钛（Ⅳ）与多种离子分离。能用于矿物岩石类复杂样品及其他物质中钛的分离富集与测定，方法简便快速。     

The Texture,Mineral Assemblages and Origin of Metamorphic Peridotite from Kuda Ophiolite,Xinjiang

There are two grades of network-type texture in metamorphic peridotite from the Kuda ophiolite,Xinjiang,China,The first graduation consists of coarse-grained olivine with plastic deformation fabrics,orthopyroxene and minor clinopyroxene and Cr-spinel.The second graduation consists of small minerals filling among the mineral grains of the first graduation.Four kinds of assemblages containing tremolite have been discovered in the second graduation,which were formed during mantle partial melting and mantle metasomatism of a highly depleted peridotite.     

小秦岭东闯金矿区花岗岩浆活动的性质

东闯金矿区中生开岩交活动的特征是小秦岭地区这一时期岩浆活动的缩影。从钾长花岗岩墙－文峪第一次侵入体－文峪第二次侵入体，岩石向相对基性度增高方向变化，可能暗示区域岩石圈的热－物质调整从印支期至燕山早期持续增强。