DMO方法综述

DMO（倾角时差校正）是一种将非零偏移距地震道转换为零偏移距地震道的数据处理方法，主要针对地层倾角不为零的情况。通过应用DMO，共中心点道集变成以自激自收（垂直入射）定义的共深度点道集。DMO是地震资料处理中一个非常重要的流程，对DMO的发展状况和一些主要算法进行总结，各向异性DMO将有望成为今后的发展方向。     

Transformation of two-pyroxene hornblende granulite to garnet granulite involving simultaneous melting and fracturing of the lower crust, Fiordland, New Zealand

Granulite facies gabbroic and dioritic gneisses in the Pembroke Valley, Milford Sound, New Zealand, are cut by vertical and planar garnet reaction zones in rectilinear patterns. In gabbroic gneiss, narrow dykes of anorthositic leucosome are surrounded by fine‐grained garnet granulite that replaced the host two‐pyroxene hornblende granulite at conditions of 750 °C and 14 kbar. Major and trace element whole‐rock geochemical data indicate that recrystallization was mostly isochemical. The anorthositic veins cut contacts between gabbroic gneiss and dioritic gneiss, but change in morphology at the contacts, from the anorthositic vein surrounded by a garnet granulite reaction zone in the gabbroic gneiss, to zones with a septum of coarse‐grained garnet surrounded by anorthositic leucosome in the dioritic gneiss. The dioritic gneiss also contains isolated garnet grains enclosed by leucosome, and short planar trains of garnet grains linked by leucosome. Partial melting of the dioritic gneiss, mostly controlled by hornblende breakdown at water‐undersaturated conditions, is inferred to have generated the leucosomes. The form of the leucosomes is consistent with melt segregation and transport aided by fracture propagation; limited retrogression suggests considerable melt escape. Dyking and melt escape from the dioritic gneiss are inferred to have propagated fractures into the gabbroic gneiss. The migrating melt scavenged water from the surrounding gabbroic gneiss and induced the limited replacement by garnet granulite.     

大同－阳高2次地震前的震级熵异常

利用最大熵原理推导了连续型随机变量震级熵的表达式，计算了大同－阳高地震前后Ｍ≥２．０地震的震级熵，计算结果表明，从１９８８年４月开始，震级熵开始出现低值异常，１９８９年３月震级熵开始回升，在回升途中发生了１９８９年１０月１８日的大同－阳高６．１级地震。１９９０年４月份后震级熵再次出现低值异常，９月份后震级熵再次回升，在回升途中发生了１９９１年３月２６日的５．８级地震。     

热液流体中的离子扩散作用:Ⅰ.示踪扩散系数的理论计算

本文在对已有示踪扩散系数和极限当量电导实验测定数据进行分析的基础上，运用热力学理论建立了离子示踪扩散系数（D0i，T）与标准偏摩尔摘（SOi,25）和温度的函数关系式：应用该方程可计算溶液中离子在任意温度下的示踪扩散系数。文中给出了各类离子的a'j、b'j、cj、dj和ai,j的值，并计算了70种组分在温度25～400℃范围内的示踪扩散系数。与实验数据的比较和分析表明，计算结果的均方差为3％以内。     

基于AHP-熵-TOPSIS对极轨气象卫星应用系统健康程度评价指标体系

以实现对极轨气象卫星应用系统健康程度进行综合评价为目的,提出结合主观分析的层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和客观分析的熵权法(Entropy Weight,EW)确定待评价系统指标值的综合权重,再采用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)对系统的指标进行多角度评价排序来作为最终评价结果。本文根据连续5个月3颗极轨气象卫星在实际业务系统运行中异常指标样本进行实证分析。结果表明该方法较为全面考虑了影响应用系统的多种因素,避免了单一判据的局限性,并对各指标的重要性进行综合对比分析,使得评价结果更科学准确,可以作为构建极轨气象卫星应用系统健康程度评价指标体系的一种方法。     

混沌理论与地震预报研究探讨

本文介绍了混沌理论的基本内容和研究进展，分析了地震中的复杂过程及其混沌特征，探讨了混沌理论给地震预报研究带来的新观点、新认识和新方法，说明混沌理论对地震预报深入攻关有着重要的指导意义。     

信息熵在地倾斜中的应用初探

本文把信息熵引入到地倾斜资料的分析中,在地震的前兆识别方面取得了初步成果。结果表明,这种方法对地震的短临预报有一定意义。     

STUDY OF THE RANDOMNESS INHERENT IN THE TYPHOON MOVEMENT*

A difference scheme is adopted to perform numerical integrations of a deterministic barotropic vorticity equation for four designed experiments,and the 1-D and 2-D sequences are obtained for the velocity of the typhoon center with the aid of model output,together with the correlation dimension and K entropy investigated.Results show that there exists randomness inherent in the center movement in the model atmosphere.Eventually the influence of localized heat sources and basic flow upon the stochasticity and predictability of the track of typhoon is discussed.     

MORPHOLOGIC EQUATIONS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF MAXIMUM ENTROPY

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