长周期地震动三维有限元数值模拟方法

采用数值方法对长周期地震动进行模拟已成为当前强地面运动预测的研究方向之一。本文提出了一种有限元并行计算的高效地震动数值模拟方法,可以同时考虑震源、传播途径和场地条件对地震动的影响,并根据昆明地区未来可能发生的设定地震对昆明市的影响地震动进行了预测。这一方法可以应用于国内已探测的发震活断层进行地震危害性评价工作。     

基于球面阴阳网格数值计算研究进展

对球面阴阳网格的转换关系、优缺点及边界数据插值交换方法的相关知识进行了较为详细介绍。同时对应用球面阴阳网格的3种数值计算方法进行了回顾总结,包括优化的Schwarz方法、CIP-CSLR平流数值计算方法、多离散矩有限体积法。针对优化的Schwarz方法,从浅水方程组的离散入手,讨论了其在求解球面椭圆型问题的优势;而对CIP-CSLR平流数值计算方法和多离散矩有限体积法,主要从如何在网格单元内构造插值函数的角度对其进行分析。最后对开发全球非静力阴阳网格模式进行展望。     

等参函数及其在重力场中的应用

本文介绍了等参函数和等参超曲面的概念和理论,提出了更广义的平行概念,证明了平行重力场就是平面场,球面场,圆柱面场之一,平行重力场中几何水准测量不存在理论闭合差;无扰动的流体静力平衡状态下的地球重力场是平行重力场,它的物质密度分布是球对称的。     

气候模式并行计算

气候模式并行计算是国内外最近重视开展的在大规模并行计算机上应用的并行软件的开发工作。“气候动力学和气候预测理论的研究”国家攀登项目近年来先后在国产曙光１０００和曙光１０００Ａ并行计算机上开展了气候模式并行计算工作。所用的气候模式是气候动力学项目“八五”阶段设计发展的９层全球格点大气环流模式和从１９９７年起着手研制的１８层全球格点大气环流模式。这是我国首次进行的气候数值模式并行计算工作,阶段性工作取得了合理的并行效率。研究表明以大气环流模式为代表的气候模式是最适合并行计算机实际应用的科研任务之一,国产并行计算机有能力在该领域实际应用中发挥作用。     

基于三维荧光和平行因子分析法的太湖水体CDOM组分光学特征

基于2008年11月份太湖全湖69个样点的CDOM三维荧光光谱数据,将平行因子分析法与现有荧光基团相结合,确定CDOM的组成成分及其荧光光谱特征,进一步分析其动力学机制.太湖CDOM荧光基团主要是类腐殖质,其类蛋白质组分可能主要来源于太湖水体生物残骸;同时,类腐殖质荧光发射波长随着荧光强度的增加向长波方向移动,存在"红移"效应.利用平行因子分析法可以将三维荧光矩阵分解为6个主成分,这6种成分可以解释92.48%的变量,平均贡献率分别是PCI占19.709%,PC2占18.685%,PC3占16.914%、PC4占16.62%、PC5占15.514%、PC6占12.558%.275nm处的吸收系数肩值除去受陆源类腐殖质影响外,影响其大小的主要是峰N,其次是峰M;而影响该肩值形状的主要是峰A和N,其次是峰T和M.根据荧光基团的类别,太湖CDOM源类型可以分为四类:①陆源主导类型;②偏陆源主导类型;③偏海源主导类型;④海源主导类型.     

Estimating the thickness of a faulted mechanical layer based on fault spacing: An example from Miyako‐jima Island,southern Ryukyu Arc,Japan

The thickness of the mechanical layer that hosts a group of faults can be estimated from the spacing of saturated faults (i.e. the constant spacing between faults when the fault system is fully developed and has attained its final fault density). We measured fault spacing for a group of saturated active normal faults on Miyako‐jima Island (southern Ryukyu Arc, Japan) and estimated the thickness of the faulted mechanical layer. The measured fault spacing is 1.30 ±0.14 km, and the thickness of the mechanical layer is < 3 km, which is the upper limit of the seismogenic zone. This faulted mechanical layer corresponds to a sedimentary layer in which earthquakes cannot occur. Results indicate that the shallow (< 3 km depth) normal faults on Miyako‐jima Island do not have the potential to cause medium‐size earthquakes as individual faults. The origin of the shallow normal faults might be related to the presence of a larger‐scale, deeper fault. The results indicate that fault spacing provides important information on the potential magnitude of earthquakes associated with active faults.     

集群技术下的实景三维建模

计算机集群技术的出现为倾斜摄影测量中实景三维自动化建模时遇到的计算资源匮乏问题提供了解决途径。本文论述了集群在实景三维建模中的两种应用模式：基于物理并行计算的集群和基于逻辑并行计算的集群;阐述了在逻辑并行计算的集群模式下ContextCapture软件进行实景三维建模的流程;提出了该集群模式下子测区划分的5个原则：起降点原则、飞行高度原则、建筑物密度/植被密度原则、最大计算量原则、航线角度原则,并有效控制了划子区后的精度问题。最后,本文利用实验室多台普通PC机实现了某测区实景三维集群建模,结果表明：该方法自动化建立模型精度满足测区需求,可有效加快自动化建模速度,降低生产成本。     

Retinex图像增强在GPU平台上的实现

伴随着无人机时代的到来,对海量数据处理的实时性要求越来越高。本文在GPU（Graphic Processing Unit）平台上实现了Retinex图像增强算法的并行处理,提升了Retinex图像增强算法处理高分辨率数字图像的处理速度。首先,通过数据合并访问和内存数据交互技术实现了数据的快速访问,缩短了数据在不同种类内存间的传输时间,提升了数据访问的效率;然后,采用内核指令优化和数据并行计算技术,实现了Retinex图像增强算法在GPU平台上的多核程序设计;最后,采用主机端和设备端的异步执行模式,在数据传输的同时进行内核数据的并行计算,通过任务级的并行进一步缩短了算法在GPU平台上的执行时间。研究表明,对于不同分辨率的图像,Retinex图像增强算法的处理速度相比于CPU平台均有数十倍的提高,如处理一帧分辨率为2048像元×2048像元的图像仅需要38.04 ms,算法的处理速度较CPU提高了40倍。     

Parallel computing solutions for Markov chain spatial sequential simulation of categorical fields

The Markov chain random field (MCRF) model is a spatial statistical approach for modeling categorical spatial variables in multiple dimensions. However, this approach tends to be computationally costly when dealing with large data sets because of its sequential simulation processes. Therefore, improving its computational efficiency is necessary in order to run this model on larger sizes of spatial data. In this study, we suggested four parallel computing solutions by using both central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) for executing the sequential simulation algorithm of the MCRF model, and compared them with the nonparallel computing solution on computation time spent for a land cover post-classification. The four parallel computing solutions are: (1) multicore processor parallel computing (MP), (2) parallel computing by GPU-accelerated nearest neighbor searching (GNNS), (3) MP with GPU-accelerated nearest neighbor searching (MP-GNNS), and (4) parallel computing by GPU-accelerated approximation and GPU-accelerated nearest neighbor searching (GA-GNNS). Experimental results indicated that all of the four parallel computing solutions are at least 1.8× faster than the nonparallel solution. Particularly, the GA-GNNS solution with 512 threads per block is around 83× faster than the nonparallel solution when conducting a land cover post-classification with a remotely sensed image of 1000?×?1000 pixels.     

Mantle flow beneath the Asian continent and its force to the crust

Introduction In order to understand the formation of the geological structure and its evolution of the Asian continent, it is needed to investigate the driving forces from the around continents and oceans and from its underlying mantle as well. The super parallel computer has been used to simulate the geodynamical processes in the lithosphere and mantle for a long time in many international works (Bird, 1995; Tackley, 1995). We also calculated the patterns of the global mantle convection on o…