长江中下游转换构造结的特征、属性及其研究意义

"长江中下游转换构造结"是特提斯构造体制与太平洋构造体制交汇、衔接和转换的焦点部位,主要包括大别造山带、郯庐断裂带、长江中下游成矿带三大著名的构造单元,是中国东部中新生代大陆动力学深部过程与浅表响应的经典地区。将大陆造山带、大型断层、矿集区结合起来,瞄准板内变形、运动学和动力学,建立区内大陆动力学的系统研究框架,研究两大构造体制转换的精细过程,分析陆内构造演化和动力学的深部过程与浅部效应,将有助于大陆动力学理论的新突破,指导"第二成矿空间"的深部找矿。     

甘肃省礼县马泉金矿床四号矿带地质特征及找矿潜力

马泉金矿床是受近EW向礼县-白云-山阳区域性深大断裂南支——礼县-洮坪断裂或层间挤压破碎带控制的中-低温热液矿床,目前已发现9个矿带。通过对其中四号矿带的勘查验证,对四号矿带的地质特征进行了重新认识和归纳总结。研究认为,矿带断裂构造十分发育,在矿区内发育的三条主要断裂构造严格控制着四号矿带的三条金矿体的空间展布及产出规模,找矿标志较多且明显,并认为,四号矿带之东西两侧延伸部位及其深部尚有一定的找矿潜力。     

Copper-Polymetal Metallogenic Series and Prospecting Perspective of Eastern Section of Gangdise

Geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing comprehensive studies show that big ore-prospecting potentiality is contained in the eastern section of the Gangdise Mountains, Tibet.There are various mineralization types with dominant types of porphyry and exhalation. According to their relations with tectonic evolution, they are divided into four kinds of metallogenic series as follows:magnmtic type (Cr, Pt, Cu, Ni) and exhalation type (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag) ore deposit series related to Neo-Tethys oceanic crust subduction action (125-96 Ma); epithermai type (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb), altered fractured rock type (Cu, Mo) and skarn rock type (Cu) ore deposit series related to arc-continental collision; porphyry type (Cu, Mo), cryptoexplosion breccia type (Cu, Au, Pb, Zn), shear zone type (Au, Ag, Sb) and skarn rock type (Cu, Fe) ore deposit series with relation to post-orogenic extensional strike-slip. From subductive complex to the north, zoning appears to be crystallization differentiation type (segregation type)-shear zone type (altered rock type)-skarn rock type, epithermai type-porphyry type-porphyry type and exhalation type-exhalation type-hydrothermai filling-replacement type.The ore deposit is characterized by multi-places from the same source, parity and multi-stage, hypabyssal rock from the deep source and poly genetic compound as a whole.     

胶东焦家断裂带3000 m深部矿化特征及金矿物赋存状态

胶东是我国黄金的主要产地,前人已开展大量矿床学研究,但主要集中在浅部,其深部的成矿研究仍然薄弱.本文以目前最深的见矿钻孔为研究对象,在宏观观察描述的基础上,以电子探针为主要研究方法,在微观上系统开展深部金矿的矿相学和元素地球化学研究,为深部金矿成矿特征提供了第一手的基础资料,研究结果对于深入认识焦家金矿带矿床的成因以及进一步的深部找矿预测都具有重要意义.超深科研钻ZK01井位于莱州吴一村地区,是目前焦家断裂带最深的见矿钻孔,也是我国岩金最深见矿孔.深钻蚀变类型主要有钾化、硅化、黄铁矿化、绢英岩化、黄铁绢英岩化、绿泥石化和碳酸盐化,矿石类型为黄铁绢英岩化碎裂岩和黄铁绢英岩化花岗质碎裂岩,矿体多以脉状、细脉网脉状、细脉浸染状为主.载金矿物主要为黄铁矿,少数金矿物分布在黄铜矿、石英和钾长石中.焦家带深部矿石金矿物成色较高,主要为含银自然金,其次为银金矿,说明该深钻深部金矿形成于高温、较深的成矿环境;成矿时代相对较老.Au主要有两种赋存形式:独立的金矿物和不可见金即晶格金.独立金矿物可分为三种赋存状态,即包体金、裂隙金和晶隙金.初步认为矿石矿物生成顺序从早到晚依次为:(不含Pb黄铁矿、方铅矿、辉铋矿、金矿物)→(黄铜矿)→(含Pb黄铁矿)→(方铅矿、金矿物)→(重晶石)→(闪锌矿).深钻成矿热液存在多期活动,碎裂岩带为含金热液运移提供了通道,多重成矿阶段的叠加和复合导致金矿物多期次结晶.     

巷道围岩松动圈的地质雷达探测及应用

在简述地质雷达探测原理的基础上, 分析了巷道围岩松动圈雷达探测的可行性。结合华丰矿巷道围岩松动圈探测实例, 提出了松动圈雷达探测方法、图像分析及探测结果应用。结果表明, 采用地质雷达探测巷道围岩松动圈是可行的, 可以用于指导巷道围岩的锚杆支护设计。     

济阳坳陷南部横向变换带构造演化及其油气聚集规律

利用高精度三维地震资料解释成果,分析了济阳坳陷南部中、新生代不同构造运动期与多位态主断裂(系)相伴生的横向变换带特征.研究表明,印支运动期横向变换带为NNE向展布,由侧向挤压褶皱和侧断坡组成;燕山运动期横向变换带走向为NEE向,由传递断层和横向凸起构成;而喜马拉雅运动期横向变换带则表现为NW向,由走向斜坡和传递断层组成.横向变换带构造演化使其不同构造部位具有叠加与迁移演化的差异性变化,从而形成不同的构造背景,造成了油气的差异聚集,其中变换带叠加可形成复式油气聚集带,变换带迁移则造成“满洼含油”的油气分布格局.     

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Tectonic Significance of the Taitung Canyon, Huatung Basin, East of Taiwan

Since the beginning of formation of Proto-Taiwan, the subducting Philippine (PH) Sea plate has moved continuously through time in the N307° direction with respect to Eurasia (EU), tearing the EU plate. The subducting EU plate includes a continental part in the north and an oceanic part in the south. The boundary B between these two domains corresponds to the eastern prolongation of the northeastern South China Sea ocean-continent transition zone. In the Huatung Basin (east of Taiwan), the Taitung Canyon is N065° oriented and is close and parallel to B. Seismic profiles show that the southern flank of the canyon corresponds to a fault with a normal component of a few tens of meters in the sediments and possible dextral shearing. Several crustal earthquakes of magnitude >%6 are located beneath the trend of the Taitung Canyon and focal mechanisms suggest that the motion is right-lateral. Thus, faulting within the sedimentary sequence beneath the Taitung Canyon is a consequence of underlying dextral strike-slip crustal motions. As the continental part of the EU slab located north of B has been recently detached, some subsequent dextral strike-slip motion might be expected within the EU slab, along the ocean-continent transition zone, which is a potential zone of weakness. We suggest that the dextral strike-slip motion along the ocean-continent boundary of the EU slab might trigger the observed dextral strike-slip motion within the overlying PH Sea crust and the associated faulting within the sediments of the Huatung Basin, beneath the Taitung Canyon. An erratum to this article is available at .     

随机森林算法在全球干旱评估中的应用

干旱是发生频率最高,造成社会、经济损失和生态破坏最严重、最广泛的自然灾害之一,因此对干旱进行可靠、有效的评估十分重要.本文以月平均降水、月平均温度、月最高温度、月最低温度、土壤湿度、蒸散发、NDVI、叶绿素荧光等作为解释变量,以基于SPI的干旱等级作为目标变量,采用随机森林算法,以2007-2012年的数据作为训练数据...     

乐德矿带成矿系列与成矿规律

乐华—德兴矿带是指江西省内呈NE走向的有色金属和贵金属成矿带,带内有丰富的Cu、Pb、Zn、Au、Ag等矿产资源,其中铜储量约占我国总储量的17.5％。 矿带位于扬子地台南缘关帽山地背斜内,广泛发育中元古代双桥山下亚群和轴向呈EW向或NE向的线状基底褶皱。矿带两侧为断层或地块。矿带内有许多韧性剪切带和燕山期中酸性火成岩,呈NE向分布。 矿带有5个矿田,15个矿床,划分为两个成矿系。是根据其成矿控制因素,矿床物质组分,REE含量,S、Pb、O等稳定同位素,以及黄铁矿中的Co、Ni含量和Co/Ni比值。两个成矿系为:(1)Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag(Au);(2)Au。矿系(1)呈简单的水平分带,矿化与燕山期中酸性岩浆活动有关,而矿系(2)的矿化则与韧性剪切带和晚期断层作用直接有关。