贵州省1∶20万数字重力图的制作方法

本文是1：20万数字重力图及面色图的编制工作总结，文中主要介绍了在制作1：20万区域重力图和地理底图时，采用GIS系统，由计算机数字制图的具体方法和步骤。总结这一新技术新方法的运用，探索出一条可供借鉴的优化的制图捷径。     

地磁场水平梯度的计算与分析

In this paper，based on the Gauss theory of geomagnetism and the spherical harmonic mi}del of the geomagnetic field，the horizontal gradients of the geomagnetic field in north一south and west-;east dlrections were calculated in Chinese and"its surrounding regions, the contour maps of the horizontal gradients of the geomagnetic components were constracted，and its regularities of distributions were analysed.
The horizontal gradients of the total intensity (F)，horizontal intensity (H) and vertical intensity (Z ) vary mainly with lat相似文献   

近百年中国、北半球和南半球气温内在结构比较(Ⅱ)

气温序列的变化不仅包含月、季、年、百年等不同的时间尺度,而且具有一定的局域性,全球、南半球、北半球和中国的气温变化各不相同．文中利用子波变换极大值线表征的突变点来构造一维映射动力系统的基本原理,研究中国、北半球和南半球气温的异同,从而映证了气候变化的局域性     

An AFLP Genetic Linkage Map of Pacific Abalone （Haliotis discus hannai）

A genetic linkage map of Pacific abalone （Haliotis discus hannai） was constructed using AFLP markers based on a two-way pseudo-testcross strategy in a full-sib family. With 33 primer combinations, a total of 455 markers （225 from the female parent and 230 from the male parent） segregated in a 1 ： 1 ratio, corresponding to DNA polymorphism： heterozygous in one parent and null in the other. The female framework map consisted of 174 markers distributed in 18 linkage groups, equivalent to the H. discus hannai haploid chromosome number, and spanning a total length of 2031.4 cM, with an average interval of 13.0 cM between adjacent markers. The male framework map consisted of 195 markers mapped on 19 linkage groups, spanning a total length of 2273.4cM, with an average spacing of 12.9cM between adjacent markers. The estimated coverage for the framework linkage maps was 81.2% for the female and 82.1% for the male, on the basis of two estimates of genome length. Fifty-two markers （11.4%） remained unlinked. The level of segregation distortion observed in this cross was 20.4%. These linkage maps will serve as a starting point for linkage studies in the Pacific abalone with potential application for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.     

地理信息可视化中的二元方法论

作为一种方法论的探索,以二元分析为基本方法,初步探讨和形成了地理信息可视化二元概念模型 ,力求构建一个简单的、易于被人们理解和接受的地理信息可视化理论框架。文章首先从地理学、语言学、哲学等方面阐述了二元方法论的理论基础,然后以符号语言学为范式,从地理信息可视化的所指与能指两个方面展开,阐述地理信息可视化二元方法论的主要内容;最后得出结论。研究表明:①地理信息具有二元性,它包括时间与空间二元 、瞬时与历时二元、空间几何与空间属性二元、定性与定量二元;②地图设计也具有二元性,它们是地图整体样式与个体符号二元、符号外观与内在二元、形状与尺寸二元、色彩与纹理二元。     

一种抗数据压缩的矢量地图数据数字水印算法

基于矢量地图数据特点,提出了一种抗数据压缩的矢量地图数据数字水印算法,即在嵌入水印信息之前对数据进行道格拉斯-普克法压缩,然后在特征点中嵌入水印信息.实验分析表明,提出的水印算法在抗数据压缩方面具有较好的效果.     

浅析高精度地图发展现状及关键技术

随着国家对智能汽车创新发展战略任务的推进,作为其关键保障技术的高精度地图在近几年已经成为测绘等多个领域的研究重点。针对当前高精度地图综述性理论研究相对缺乏的问题,本文从高精度地图数据结构、数据生产和功能应用3个方面,对高精度地图相关的主要研究内容及现状进行阐述和总结。从数据结构层面,高精度地图描述内容可划分为静态地图数据和动态地图数据,其中静态地图数据是当前制图的重点;考虑数据生产的层次性,分别对高精度地图的生产模式、生产流程和具体的技术方法进行了分析,认为专业部门指导结合众包是数据生产的基本特征;以自动驾驶中的匹配定位和导航规划为代表,总结了高精度地图在应用方面的关键技术。最后,对高精度地图未来发展的方向进行了展望。     

浅析动画效果地图的公开表示

公开地图的表示关乎国家安全、领土完整、民族尊严,具有严肃的政治性、严密的科学性和严格的法定性。动画效果地图是大众喜闻乐见而又十分有效的信息传播载体。但在公开表示方面存在盲区,是"问题地图"的高发区,可能造成严重的不良影响。本文总结了动画效果地图的常见类型、高发问题及成因,提出了动画效果地图表示方法建议,明确了地图底图和动画效果都要符合公开地图表示有关要求,对动画效果地图的制作和公开使用具有一定的指导性和启发性。     

Use of local and global maps of forest canopy height and aboveground biomass to enhance local estimates of biomass in miombo woodlands in Tanzania

Field surveys are often a primary source of aboveground biomass (AGB) data, but plot-based estimates of parameters related to AGB are often not sufficiently precise, particularly not in tropical countries. Remotely sensed data may complement field data and thus help to increase the precision of estimates and circumvent some of the problems with missing sample observations in inaccessible areas. Here, we report the results of a study conducted in a 15,867 km² area in the dry miombo woodlands of Tanzania, to quantify the contribution of existing canopy height and biomass maps to improving the precision of canopy height and AGB estimates locally. A local and a global height map and three global biomass maps, and a probability sample of 513 inventory plots were subject to analysis. Model-assisted sampling estimators were used to estimate mean height and AGB across the study area using the original maps and then with the maps calibrated with local inventory plots. Large systematic map errors – positive or negative – were found for all the maps, with systematic errors as great as 60–70 %. The maps contributed nothing or even negatively to the precision of mean height and mean AGB estimates. However, after being calibrated locally, the maps contributed substantially to increasing the precision of both mean height and mean AGB estimates, with relative efficiencies (variance of the field-based estimates relative to the variance of the map-assisted estimates) of 1.3–2.7 for the overall estimates. The study, although focused on a relatively small area of dry tropical forests, illustrates the potential strengths and weaknesses of existing global forest height and biomass maps based on remotely sensed data and universal prediction models. Our results suggest that the use of regional or local inventory data for calibration can substantially increase the precision of map-based estimates and their applications in assessing forest carbon stocks for emission reduction programs and policy and financial decisions.     

移动AR+VR支持下旅游GIS系统的设计与实现

随着云计算、物联网、移动通信、移动互联网等技术的发展,研发智能化、多维度、全方位的旅游管理信息系统,已成为旅游信息化的发展趋势。本文以青岛八大关为例,综合利用基于位置与多传感器的跟踪注册技术、瓦片地图技术、三维景观地图技术和移动增强现实系统虚实叠加技术,研究并实现了面向旅游业的移动化、信息化、智能化、个性化的智能旅游服务系统,为游客提供认知周围景观的全新视角,获得全新的交互体验。系统包括三维景观地图、虚拟漫游、路线导航、环境识别、历史建筑查询、热力图显示、好友足迹、个人轨迹、微信分享等功能模块,游客在享受旅途的同时可以获得更加智能便捷的服务。