内蒙古寒潮客观预报方法研究

通过一次典型强寒潮天气过程的动力诊断分析 ,提出了有价值的寒潮预报着眼点 ,并应用 T10 6数值预报产品对预报因子作了定量分析 ,在此基础上建立了基于 T10 6数值预报产品的 PP预报方程。在 1999年 11月 2 4、2 5日的试报中 ,10℃降温 TS达到 0 .70 ,业务应用中预报效果很好。     

一次特重级秋风天气过程分析

分析了造成黔东南州2002年8月中旬的特重级秋风天气过程的天气形势。指出高空槽、中低空切变以及地面冷锋的共同影响是这次特重级秋风天气过程出现的关键，地面不断有小股冷空气补充是这次重级秋风天气过程维持的主要原因。同时，对T213数值产品及物理量要素也作了分析。     

Retrograde processes in migmatites and granulites revisited

Many migmatites and granulites preserve evidence of a clockwise P–T evolution involving decompression (decrease in P) while close to the thermal peak. The extent of post‐thermal peak reaction is influenced by several factors, including: (1) the P–T path in relation to invariants in the system and the Clapeyron slopes of the equilibria; (2) the rate of cooling; and (3) the availability of fluid (H₂O‐rich volatile phase or melt) for fluid‐consuming reactions. Reaction may occur between products of a prograde (increasing T) fluid‐generating reaction as the same equilibrium is re‐crossed in the retrograde (decreasing T) sense. In general, reaction reversal or ‘back reaction’ requires the P–T path to approximate isobaric heating and cooling, without significant decompression, and evolved fluid to remain within the equilibration volume. The larger the decompression segment in the P–T evolution, the more chance there is of crossing different reactions along the retrograde segment from those crossed along the prograde segment. For common pelite compositions, we may generalize by considering three pressure regimes separated by the [Spl, Ms, H₂O] invariant in KFMASH (approximately 9 kbar) and the intersection of muscovite breakdown with the H₂O‐rich volatile phase‐saturated solidus (approximately 4 kbar). Reaction reversal cannot occur along P–T paths that traverse around one of these points, but may occur along P–T paths confined to one of the three regimes in between. Additionally, above the solidus, melt segregation and loss potentially change the composition of the equilibration volume; and, the size of the equilibration volume shrinks with decreasing T. Since the proportion of melt to residue in the equilibration volume may change with decreasing size, the composition of the equilibration volume may change throughout the supra‐solidus part of the retrograde segment of the P–T evolution. If melt has been lost from the equilibration volume, reaction reversal may not be possible or may be only partial; indeed, the common preservation of close‐to‐peak mineral assemblages in migmatite and granulite demonstrates that extensive reaction with melt is uncommon, which implies melt isolation or loss prior to crossing potential melt‐consuming reactions. Water dissolved in melt is transported through the crust to be exsolved on crystallization at the solidus appropriate to the intrinsic a(H₂O). This recycled water causes retrogression at subsolidus conditions. Consideration of the evidence for supra‐solidus decompression‐dehydration reactions, and review of microstructures that have proven controversial, such as corona and related microstructures, selvage microstructures and ‘late’ muscovite, leads to the conclusion that there is more than one way for these microstructures to form and reminds us that we should always consider multiple working hypotheses!     

三氟乙酰对癸基苯为中性载体的碳酸根离子选择电极的制备和应用

实验比较了多种膜组分的性能 ,制得了有较长使用寿命的三氟乙酰对癸基苯为载体的 PVC膜碳酸根离子电极。适当增大膜中载体的含量 ,采用亲脂性强的增塑剂并加入适量增水性溶剂 ,有利于延长电极的使用寿命和增强抗亲脂性阴离子干扰的能力。已利用此种膜电极 ,以控制 p H标准比较法测定了模拟血清和质控血清中的碳酸根 ,并以已知稀释—标准加入法测定了碳酸盐型卤水中的碳酸根     

多母体p—范极大似然平差

本文提出了多母体ｐ－范极大似然平差方法，建立了该方法的数学模型，并且导出了求解参数估值的基础方程，本文提出的方法溶测量平差，误差母体分布的估计、方差分量估计于一体，是对多元ｐ－范极大似然平差的进一步推广。     

多参数雷达在估计雹暴降雨率中的应用

根据多参数雷达在美国科罗拉多主同原初夏对含冰雹的暴雨的观测数据，我们分别应用Ｓ波段的反射率Ｚｈ比相差Ｋｄｐ、以及Ｘ波段的比衰减Ａｘ对降雨率Ｒ进行了估计，并将这些基于雷达参数的估计与地面雨时计的记录进行了比较。     

Late Mesozoic low-P/high-T metamorphism preceding emplacement of Cretaceous granitic rocks in the Gosaisho-Takanuki district, Abukuma metamorphic belt

Abstract The central part of Abukuma metamorphic belt consists of two geologic units, the Gosaisho Group and the Takanuki Group. Although the deformation styles differ between the Gosaisho and the Takanuki Groups, their rock facies show a gradual transition. In both Groups early regional low-pressure (over 3 kb) metamorphism has been overprinted by contact metamorphism. Evidence for the P/T condition of the regional metamorphism is recorded in cores of armored minerals. Metamorphic zones have been defined on mineral rim assemblages of meta-mafite, meta-pelite and meta-calc-siliceous schist and on the degree of graphitization of meta-pelite. The mineral-core chemistry of plagioclase, Ca-amphibole and garnet changes with increasing metamorphic grade, and indicates that the regional metamorphism of the Gosaisho Group took place in a high pressure region of the andalusite stability field. The Takanuki metamorphic rocks are structurally overlain by the Gosaisho Group and have undergone regional metamorphism whose conditions have passed near the triple point of Al-silicates and kyanite has crystallized. The contact aureoles in both groups are developed around middle Cretaceous granitic intrusions. Rims of plagioclase, Ca-amphibole and garnet overgrew on the mineral-cores during the contact metamorphism. The regional metamorphism began after the sedimentation of Jurassic chert and was succeeded by the contact metamorphism in the middle Cretaceous.     

Historische Entwicklung einer Sedimentbelastung: Gedächtnis einer Industrieregion Historical Trends of Sediment Loads: Memory of an Industrial Region

The chronologies are shown of sediment load on the banks of a river of the Ruhr district (Lippe) with radionuclides of radium, lead and cesium and preliminary chemical measurements for lead, zinc, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, barium, PAHs, PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, TOC, AOX and EOX. A new method of dating is developed and proved, which is especially suitable for rivers with radioactivity from coal mines. The method improves the well-known excess-²¹⁰Pb-dating for the use with rivers in industrial regions and allows the preparation of load histories (chronologies). Conclusions are made on the historical trend of emissions in the region from the trend of the sediment load of known age and regular sedimentation without perturbation.     

国外雨滴谱分布函数的数值试验结果

采用文献［１］方法，对国外温带地区（北威尔士）＾［２］、亚热带地区（瓜得罗普岛）＾［３］和热带海洋（ＧＡＴＥ－１９７７）＾［４］雨滴谱分布进行了数值试验，结果表明：伽玛分布（ｎ（Ｄ）＝ａ．Ｄ＾ａｅ＾－λＤ）能很好地拟合这些实测雨滴谱，特别是非单调下降谱用伽玛分布拟合明显优于Ｍ－Ｐ分布拟合，Ｍ－Ｐ分布仅是伽玛分布的一个特例（α＝０）。     

多学科(GGE)研究地壳结构和震源区的方法探讨

就采用地球物理探测、地质岩石学分析和高温高压实验(GGE)综合研究区域地壳细结构和确定地震震源区的可能性和方法作了探讨,并以临汾地区为例,给出了实施过程中的一些具体考虑.这些考虑包括:通过地球物理探测建立地壳、上地幔的速度、电性、密度、磁性和热等结构,给出深部的温压分布等;通过地质调查、钻探和岩石学分析确定沉积层的性质与厚度、结晶基底的组成,推测深部物质的状态,选取典型样品等;在模拟深部温压条件下,通过对岩石波速、电性和密度等的测定和与地球物理结构模型、地质岩石学结构模型进行综合比较建立区域地壳三维结构,通过对岩石力学行为的实验测定与了解,选择发震判据,确定潜在震源区.