玉环干江栈头公路隧道的爆破开挖技术

根据栈头公路隧道的工程特点及隧道施工的复杂性,阐述了隧道开挖的减振爆破控制技术和隧道开挖的方法,以及施工量测和振速监测技术在隧道开挖过程中的应用。     

Tectonic inversion assessed by integration of geological and geophysical data: The intracontinental Rio do Peixe Basin,NE Brazil

Common basin models assume that the post‐rift tectonic evolution of most basins is usually associated with tectonic quiescence. However, tectonic inversion during the post‐rift phase has been proposed for several sedimentary basins worldwide, but how and why it happens is still a matter of debate, especially in intracontinental settings where the lithosphere is old and thick. Here, we use geological and geophysical data from the Rio do Peixe Basin in NE Brazil to show evidence that intracontinental sedimentary basins can be tectonically inverted by far‐field compressive stresses acting on pre‐existing weakness zones of lithospheric‐scale where stresses can concentrate and inversion can occur. Geomorphological and field data combined with seismic reflection, gravimetric and borehole data show that: (a) inversion occurred along two main Precambrian lithospheric‐scale shear zones, the Patos (E‐W trending) and Portalegre (NE‐SW trending), which had already been reactivated as basin‐bounding faults during the earlier rift stage; (b) post‐rift reactivation affected (mostly) the original master normal faults with the largest rift displacements, and locally produced new reverse faults; (c) during contraction, deformation was partitioned between fault reactivation and buckling of the incompetent sediment pushed against the hard basement; (d) all these signs of inversion have been observed in the field and can be demonstrated on seismic reflection profiles; and (e) combined gravimetric and seismic data show that the main structures of the basin were followed by an inversion. These data are consistent with the operation of WSW‐ENE horizontal maximum compressive stress as a result of combined pushes of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (towards the W) and the Andes (towards the E), responsible for the post‐rift oblique inversion of normal faults inherited from the rift phase and formed with vertical maximum compressive stress.     

区段控制浓度的一种定量化模型研究

该文就总量控制工作进行理论探讨,提出控制平均浓度的排污等效模型,同时对计算区段控制浓度的确定进行定量化模型研究。该模型简便、易操作、实用性强,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。     

特殊构造条件下煤炭综放开采顶板涌水机理及防治

煤炭资源开采中采场顶板水水害是威胁工作面安全生产的灾害之一。以兖州矿区东滩煤矿综放开采14310工作面在回采过程中的涌水情况为例,在分析地质和水文地质条件基础上,从构造控水机理出发,分析了工作面特殊构造条件下顶板砂岩含水层的赋存规律和涌水规律,实施了14310工作面安全回采的探、放水工程、泄水巷工程和完善排水系统等相关水害综合防治方法,最终实现了工作面的安全回采。     

江苏近岸紫菜养殖筏架区定生绿藻群落结构及其受控因素

基于2010年10月至2011年4月对苏北紫菜养殖筏架区定生绿藻及环境因素调查数据,分析研究了紫菜筏架上定生绿藻种群结构和数量变化及重要环境因子对其的影响并估算了调查区绿藻总生物量.结果表明,筏架上定生绿藻种类有浒苔(Ulva prolifera)、盒管藻(Capsosiphon groenlandicus)、缘管浒苔(Ulva linza)、肠浒苔(Ulva intestinalis)、条浒苔(Ulva clathrata)和扁浒苔(Ulva compressa).绿藻生物量变化呈倒抛物线型,4月份为主高峰14898吨,11月份为次高峰2034吨,2月份最低,仅为729吨,3-4月份绿藻几乎呈暴发性增长.种类多样性随季节变化有很大差异,养殖筏架刚入海的9、10月份,绿藻种类丰富,生物多样性高;12月至笠年2月,尽管生物量很低,但仍是多种并存;3-4月份随着生物量的猛增,种类多样性降至最低,盒管藻优势地位明显,生物量比例最大能到80%,浒苔比例呈指数增长,达20%～40%.水温对绿藻生物量及种类演替有直接调控作用,在水温< 10℃时,绿藻即能快速生长;而盐度作用不明显.开展紫菜筏架上定生绿藻群落动态变化及其生物量的估算,为追溯南黄海大规模绿潮发源地提供佐证,为绿潮预防和治理提供基础数据支撑.     

智能照明系统在现代建筑照明中的应用研究

在对传统照明系统和智能照明系统进行对比分析的基础上,剖析了智能照明系统的控制策略,并结合实际的工程应用,着重讨论了基于ABB I-Bus产品的智能照明控制系统的实现,结果表明该系统具有高效、便捷、节约能源等优点.同时,还对系统与建筑物楼宇自控系统问的系统集成方式进行了研究.     

东海西湖凹陷温压系统与油气成藏

针对西湖凹陷存在异常温压系统的现象,利用钻井测温资料、测井声波时差压力、流体包裹体、镜质体反射率和磷灰石裂变径迹等资料对西湖凹陷的温压系统特征、类型及其对油气成藏的影响进行了系统研究。结果表明,西湖凹陷不同构造单元具有各异的温压场特征;西湖凹陷不同构造单元的温压系统类型不尽相同,其中保散斜坡带和三潭深凹为高压型温压系统,浙东背斜带为常压型温压系统;西湖凹陷不同温压系统具有各异的流体流动样式和油气运聚规律;浙东中央背斜带内的流体能量相对最低,是研究区内有利的油气运聚区域。     

川西坳陷新场构造带须家河组超压演化与流体的关系

沉积盆地超压体系是油气勘探与开发过程中一个不容忽视的问题,不仅影响了地质流体的运移和聚集,更为勘探带来安全隐患。以实测地压和油田水化学数据为基础,对川西坳陷新场构造带须四段和须二段现今地层水矿化度与现今压力系数关系进行比较,结合地层水特征系数和阴阳离子关系,综合前人研究结果,对须四段和须二段压力演化史与地层水演化过程进行分析,考察川西坳陷须家河组超压系统演化与地层水演化的耦合关系。结果表明,须家河组超压发育与地层水具有密切的联系:(1)须家河组储层段压力分布范围较广,在弱超压至超强压之间,须二段属于中超压而须四段属于超高压,平面分布中须二段探测井中矿化度随压力系数增加而减少,须四段则相反;(2)在压实过程中,由于流体排驱受阻导致"欠压实"超压的产生,随着超压的不断积聚,局部出现裂缝,导致地层水更加强烈的混合作用和运移;(3)生烃作用导致自生压力增大,地层水离子水岩作用强烈,造成流体包裹体与现今地层水离子成分分异;(4)构造挤压抬升过程中,须四段裂缝不发育,压力进一步升高,须二段则产生泄压,出现了凝析水和水侵现象,造成须四段和须二段现今地层水特征的差异。     

Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of Overpressure in the Depressions of Bohai Bay Basin, China

The distribution and genetic mechanisms of abnormal pressures in the Bohai Bay Basin were systematically analyzed. Abnormal pressures are widely developed in the Bohai Bay Basin, primarily in the Paleogene E2s4, E2s3, Es1, and Ed formations. From the onshore area of the Bohai Bay Basin to the center of the Bozhong area, the top depth of the overpressured zone in each depression increases gradually, the overpressured strata in each depression gradually move to younger formations, and the pressure structure successively alters from single-bottom- overpressure to double-bottom-overpressure and finally to double-top-overpressure. The distribution of overpressured area is consistent with the sedimentary migration controlled by the tectonic evolution of the Bohai Bay Basin, which is closely related to the hydrocarbon-generation capability of active source rocks. The overpressured strata are consistent with the source-rock intervals in each depression; the top of the overpressured zone is synchronous with the hydrocarbon generation threshold in each depression; the hydrocarbon generation capability is positively correlated with the overpressure magnitude in each formation. Undercompaction was the main mechanism of overpressure for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients less than 1.2, whereas hydrocarbon generation was the main mechanism for depressions with fluid pressure coefficients greater than 1.5.