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121.
122.
莱州湾海域水体中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的浓度水平和分布特征 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
以固相萃取/气相色谱法测定了莱州湾海域水体中22种有机氯农药和多氯联苯类化合物的浓度水平和分布特征。结果表明,莱州湾海域表层水体中有机氯农药浓度范围为N.D.~32.7ng/L,底层水中的浓度范围为N.D.~11.7ng/L。在该海域水体中共检出有机氯农药3种,β-666是水体中主要的有机氯农药污染物。多氯联苯类在底层水样中检出2种,总浓度范围在4.5~27.7ng/L之间。该海域有机氯农药和多氯联苯的分布特征是近岸高,离岸低,由近岸向湾外延伸方向依次递减。并对莱州湾表层水中总有机氯农药与海水盐度、氯度、溶解氧和pH间的关系作了初步探讨,得出总有机氯农药与盐度、氯度间有一定的相关关系,相关系数均为0.59。方法测定5种有机氯农药化合物的空白加标回收率为97.3%~126.0%,相对标准偏差为2.8%~8.6%;测定5种多氯联苯类化合物的空白加标回收率为88.6%~151.8%,相对标准偏差为6.7%~10.4%。 相似文献
123.
Spatial and vertical distribution of organochlorine pesticides in sediments from Daya Bay, South China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The spatial and vertical distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) has been investigated in Daya Bay, China. The concentration of total OCPs in surface sediment range from 16.66 to 44.04ng/g dry weight with a mean concentration of 26.60ng/g. DDTs and HCHs were the predominant species. The ratios of (DDD+DDE)/DDT reflected a cocktail input pattern of fresh and weathered DDTs. The predominant alpha-HCH and the alpha/beta-HCH ratios indicated that the technical HCH contamination was mainly due to historical usage, although there was fresh input of lindane. The variation profiles of concentrations showed that OCPs were extensively applied between the late 1950s and early 1980s in China. A recent increasing trend in concentrations of DDTs and HCHs was found in both cores. The increasing ratios of (DDE+DDD)/DDT with corresponding decreases of DDE/DDT ratio implied that most of the DDTs deposited after their production ban were more likely "weathered" DDTs derived from soil residues. 相似文献
124.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in harbor sediments from Sea Lots, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mohammed A Peterman P Echols K Feltz K Tegerdine G Manoo A Maraj D Agard J Orazio C 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(6):1324-1332
Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined in nearshore marine surficial sediments from three locations in Trinidad. Sediments were sampled at Sea Lots on the west coast, in south Port-of-Spain Harbor, south of Sea Lots at Caroni Lagoon National Park, and on Trinidad’s east coast at Manzanilla. Total PCB concentrations in Sea Lots sediments ranged from 62 to 601 ng/g (dry weight {dw}), which was higher than at Caroni and Manzanilla, 13 and 8 ng/g dw, respectively. Total OCP concentrations at Sea Lots were ranged from 44.5 to 145 ng/g dw, compared with 13.1 and 23.8 n/g (dw), for Caroni and Manzanilla respectively. The concentrations of PCBs and of some OCPs in sediments from Sea Lots were above the Canadian interim sediment quality guidelines. To date, this data is the first report on the levels of PCBs and other organochlorine compounds from Trinidad and Tobago. 相似文献
125.
Yuko Ogata Kaoruko Mizukawa Satoru Iwasa Yukie Mato Keiji Okuda Michio Murakami Ruchaya Booyatumanondo Le Quang Dung Carlos Miguez Charles Moore Steven Weerts Erick Burres Michael Van Velkenburg Richard C. Lang Brenda Danner Richard C. Thompson 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(10):1437-1446
Samples of polyethylene pellets were collected at 30 beaches from 17 countries and analyzed for organochlorine compounds. PCB concentrations in the pellets were highest on US coasts, followed by western Europe and Japan, and were lower in tropical Asia, southern Africa and Australia. This spatial pattern reflected regional differences in the usage of PCBs and was positively correlated with data from Mussel Watch, another monitoring approach. DDTs showed high concentrations on the US west coast and in Vietnam. In Vietnam, DDT was predominant over its metabolites (DDE and DDD), suggesting the principal source may be current usage of the pesticide for malaria control. High concentrations of pesticide HCHs were detected in the pellets from southern Africa, suggesting current usage of the pesticides in southern Africa. This study demonstrates the utility and feasibility of the International Pellet Watch approach to monitor POPs at a global scale. 相似文献
126.
重庆典型岩溶区地下河水体有机氯农药污染初步研究 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
利用GC-ECD对重庆典型岩溶区地下河水体中有机氯农药(OCPs)进行检测,结果表明,地下河水中OCPs浓度为3.41~51.34ng/L,均值为13.23ng/L;滴滴涕(DDTs)浓度为0.07~2.37ng/L,均值为0.72ng/L;六六六(HCHs)浓度为1.16~39.82ng/L,均值为7.89ng/L。南川湾滩地下河水体有机氯农药污染最为严重,其上游纸厂排放废水是影响该地下河有机氯农药污染的主要原因。与国内外其它河流相比较,研究区地下河水体有机氯农药含量处于中低水平。由于岩溶区特殊的二元结构,地表水体一旦受到污染,将直接影响到地下水体。因此,对岩溶地下河进行有机污染物的调查研究具有重要的现实意义 相似文献
127.
为查明重庆老龙洞地下河流域有机氯农药的污染情况及其特征和来源,通过气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器(GC-μECD)检测水体OCPs含量。结果表明研究区水样中受到了有机氯农药不同程度的污染。α-HCH是研究区水体HCHs主要成分,HCHs的残留主要来自于大气长距离传输。DDTs的主要成分各采样点不尽相同。DDTs的输入为历史上工业DDTs的使用且在水体中其主要以好氧转化为主。与国内外河流相比较,老龙洞地下河流域水体有机氯农药含量处于较高水平。 相似文献
128.
苏南典型地区土壤中有机氯农药残留的空间分布及来源分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了江苏张家港市土壤中有机氯农药六六六(HCH)和滴滴涕(DDT)的残留状况,用空间插值和GIS技术分析了其空间分布规律,探讨了潜在来源。结果表明,547个采样点中有21.94%的表层土壤样品中检出HCH,而DDT的检出率为96.16%。HCH在土壤表层的残留均低于《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618-1995)的二级标准(500 ng/g),超过一级标准(50ng/g)的也仅占1.46%,DDT则有0.55%的样品超过二级标准。HCH和DDT不同异构体的比值指示土壤中可能有新的来源,但主要还是与历史上的农药施用有关。空间上HCH在南部人为土区的含量要显著高于北部的雏形土区,DDT则相反,这一空间分布格局主要与不同地区的种植历史有关,HCH在人为土区的较高残留可能与历史上水稻种植有关,DDT在北部雏形土区的较高残留则与棉花种植关系较密切。 相似文献
129.
J.K. Kairu 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1999,8(3):253-266
29 specimens of a cichlid fishSarotherodon (=Tilapia) alcalicus grahami were collected from Lake Nakuru between September and October 1990 and samples of liver, kidney, muscle, brain and fat were
removed for analysis of organochlorine pesticide and metal residues. Fat was extracted and the concentration of three lindane
(BHC/HCH) isomers (alpha, beta andgamma), aldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor-epoxide, endrin, dieldrin, DDD, DDE and DDT was determined. Fish muscle samples were digested
and the concentration of mercury, arsenic and cadmium was also determined.
No residues of o,p1-DDD, p,p1-DDD, aldrin, endrin and dieldrin were detected. The highest residue concentration detected was 0.062 mg kg−1 of p,p1-DDT. The mean pesticide residue concentration levels were generally low. The [p,p1-DDT]/[p,p1-DDE] ratio of 1.22 indicated that the residues of the parent DDT compound exist in the Lake Nakuru ecosystem. There was a
negative fish length: DDE concentration relationship. Similarly, there was a very weak negative relationship between arsenic
concentration and length of fish. The concentrations of metal residues were considerably low. The median arsenic and cadmium
concentrations were 0.03 mg kg−1 and <0.1 mg kg−1, respectively. The concentrations of mercury, with a median level of <0.01 mg kg−1, were particulary low and did not approach a level that would give rise to public health concern. Metal and pesticide residue
concentration in fish in 1970 and 1990 does not show a significant increase. From these results, Lake Nakuru is presently
not exposed to heavy pesticide and metal contamination, but there is a gradual build-up of these residues in the biota. 相似文献
130.