粤北诸广矿区碱交代岩岩石化学和矿物化学特征及其与铀成矿关系

诸广矿区与铀矿化关系密切的碱交代作用广泛发育,碱交代岩与围岩(正常花岗岩)对比,Na2O、K2O明显增高,Al2O3、Fe2O3也增高;SiO2明显降低,FeO、MgO、CaO也降低,表明K2O和Na2O被带入。矿物化学成分分析得出诸广碱交代岩的长石主要为钠长石与钾长石;绿泥石主要属铁镁绿泥石和蠕绿泥石;黄铁矿有的含铀量较高,据Fe/S值属硫亏损型,据S/Se值属岩浆热液矿床范畴;云母属白云母及少量铁白云母;铀矿物和含铀矿物的UO2含量以沥青铀矿较高,钍石较低,铀矿石的蚀变矿物和造岩矿物有的也含微量铀。碱交代作用既释放矿质又为矿质沉淀创造空间,碱交代岩既提供铀源又是一种有利的成矿围岩。     

山西平顺地区矽卡岩型铁矿床地质特征及成矿物质来源探讨

山西平顺地区矽卡岩型铁矿主要产于燕山期中性侵入岩与中奥陶统碳酸岩地层接触带及其附近。矿化蚀变带明显,钠长石化是重要的找矿标志。北落峡ZK28-7钻孔岩芯样地球化学特征、黄铁矿(206Pb/204Pb=17.741～18.301,平均值17.993;207Pb/204Pb=15.433～15.551,平均值15.495)以及早期(206Pb/204Pb=17.859～18.474;207Pb/204Pb=15.429～15.431)和晚期侵入岩(206Pb/204Pb=17.959～18.223,平均值18.088;207Pb/204Pb=15.434～15.566,平均值15.536)的Pb同位素组成共同表明,除晚期中性侵入岩是磁铁矿的成矿母岩之外,还包括早期超基性-基性侵入岩,它也是磁铁矿形成的重要成矿母岩之一,其很可能是通过被晚期闪长岩同化交代,大量铁矿质进入了晚期闪长岩,经后期钠化蚀变,铁质析出,形成磁铁矿,间接的提供物质来源。     

内蒙古白云鄂博北部金矿成矿特征及找矿方向

[摘要]白云鄂博地区大地构造位置位于华北板块北缘西段中新元古代裂谷系,在其北部已发现 有赛乌素和比鲁特2 个金矿床,微量元素、稀土元素和H、O 同位素特征表明,白云鄂博群浅变质岩为矿 源岩。区域深断裂为主要的导矿构造,轴向近EW,向W 侧伏的同斜背斜为控矿构造,由其派生的纵张 断裂是主要的容矿构造。矿床成因为热水喷流沉积-热液叠加改造复合型,近年来,构造蚀变破碎带型、 糜棱岩型等新类型金矿体及其深部盲矿体的发现,揭示了该区具有较大的找矿潜力。依据成矿控制条 件,结合物化探测量成果,确定了干斯陶勒盖-敖勒呼地区、赛乌素32 号脉群西部和深部地区2 处找矿 靶区。     

变差函数在赣杭构造带火山岩型铀矿田(床)评价中的应用

在简要介绍变差函数的原理、算法和研究区地质情况的基础上,将变差函数引入火山岩型铀成矿作用与地形相关性研究中。详细描述了赣杭构造带中不同成矿规模矿田(床)区地形高程变差统计的过程,初步分析了变差统计结果的地质意义。研究结果表明,地形高程值变差函数的长轴方向可以反映研究区的主要构造方向,变差函数的长短轴半径与铀矿床的成矿规模在一定程度上具有对应关系。     

苏北超高压变质带榴辉岩的对比性研究及成矿作用

苏北超高压变质带是秦岭—大别造山带的东延部分,所产出的榴辉岩有三种类型,分别为产于片麻岩中的G类榴辉岩、产于大理岩中的M类榴辉岩和产于蛇纹岩中P类榴辉岩。地球化学研究表明,三类榴辉岩的原岩复杂多样,源岩为下地壳或上地幔的基性-超基性岩,兼具大陆和大洋玄武岩的特征,富含TiO2等有用组分,是金红石矿床的成矿母岩。金红石矿床的形成是华北、扬子两大板块俯冲碰撞的结果,金红石成矿作用的强弱与岩性、构造、变质变形作用等密切相关。榴辉岩中含有金红石、钛铁矿、磷灰石、石榴子石、绿辉石等多种有用矿物,具有较高的综合利用价值。     

Hydrothermal Alteration Related to Silver Mineralization at the Iwami Silver Deposit,Shimane Prefecture,Japan

The Iwami epithermal silver deposit consists of Ag-Cu veins in a dacitic intrusive body at the deep portion of the Eikyu area, and veinlets with disseminated Ag mineralization in dacitic tuff breccia at a shallow portion of the Fukuishi area. Hydrothermal alteration associated with the silver mineralization is characterized by intense potassium metasomatism with oxidizing conditions. An illite zone occurs around the pathways of uprising fluids in both the Eikyu and Fukuishi areas. It grades laterally into the illite/smectite zone, which is surrounded by a broad smectite zone. Because of boiling, abundant adularia associated with silver mineralization overlaps on the altered tuff breccia in the Fukuishi area. The alteration zoning suggests that the western Eikyu area and the eastern Fukuishi area belong to a single hydrothermal system. The data of fluid inclusion microthermometry indicate that the temperatures range 220–270°C, and salinities range 5–7 wt percent NaCl equivalent for the silver mineralization at the upper portion in the Eikyu area and the lower portion in the Fukuishi area. Radiometric ages for volcanic rocks in the area range from 2.19 to 1.64 Ma, and the dacitic intrusion formed at approximately 1.6 Ma. The silver-dominant mineralizing hydrothermal fluids system was active around 1.44 to 1.07 Ma, which formed the Eikyu Ag-Cu veins at depth, and the Fukuishi Ag ores at the shallower portion.     

Nature of the Ore-Forming Fluid at the Quaternary Noya Gold Deposit in Kyushu,Japan

We discuss the nature of the ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in the Noya gold-bearing calcite-quartz-adularia veins of central Kyushu, Japan on the basis of oxygen, carbon, and strontium isotope ratios, and aqueous speciation calculations for the present-day geothermal fluid. The isotopic values of the Noya ore-forming fluid were estimated to be −6.5‰ for δ¹³C and −7.5‰ for δ¹⁸O. The oxygen isotopic equilibrium temperatures for vein calcite are more than 180°C at the bottom of the Noya mineralization zone, and decrease with increasing elevation. As the temperature decreased, the dominant carbon species in the fluid changed from H₂CO₃ to HCO₃^- at about 120°C. The equilibrium temperatures for vein quartz are consistent with the calcite calculations. The carbon and oxygen isotope trends of the Noya vein calcite and the isotope ratios of strontium suggest that the fluids that precipitated the Noya veins were controlled by an andesite-dominated geology. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns for the white-colored veins from wells 51-WT-1 and 51-WT-2 displayed a light REE-rich pattern with positive Eu anomalies, suggesting the existence of a reducing environment for the fluid. The pyrite-rich gray-colored veins and a silicified rock from well 51-WT-2 showed higher REE concentrations than did the white veins. Altered host andesitic rocks have similar REE patterns to that of the silicified rock, and have higher REE contents than the others in the drill cores. Aqueous speciation calculations showed that the fluid in the hydrothermal reservoir is currently in muscovite stability. The fluid at the ore-mineralization stage may have contained more potassium or have had a higher pH, so that adularia precipitated with calcite and quartz, as well as gold. Fluid boiling at depth in the system produced the gold-bearing calcite-quartz-adularia veins.     

内蒙古西部额济纳旗地区X井油气显示特征与油气源探讨

根据内蒙古额济纳旗地区X井白垩系额济纳旗组、侏罗系麻木乌苏组、古生界顶面风化壳等不同层段的油气显示特征和钻井泥浆烃类气体组分、甲烷C同位素的分析结果,认为侏罗系和白垩系油气显示特征相同,为油与气显示,气体样品的干燥系数(C1/C总)为0.80~0.87,甲烷C同位素δ13C1为-48.19‰~-50.87‰,表现了低成熟热解气的特征;古生界风化壳为气显示,天然气干燥系数(C1/C总)为0.91~0.92,甲烷C同位素δ13C1为-21.56‰~-30.91‰,表现了高成熟热解气的特征。该井及邻区的中生界、古生界烃源岩干酪根类型及其演化程度具有显著的差别,中生界烃源岩以低成熟混合型干酪根为主,古生界烃源岩为成熟—高成熟(或过成熟)的混合型-腐泥型干酪根。表明该区存在以中生界侏罗系—白垩系低成熟烃源岩为油气源的油气系统和古生界高成熟(或过成熟)烃源岩为气源的油气系统,指示了古生界油气资源前景。     

欧美地下水有机污染调查评价进展

1999年中国地质调查局启动了第一个地下水有机污染调查项目,当时检测指标只有20个(包括11个挥发性有机污染物、8种有机氯农药和1种多环芳烃)。"十一五"的地下水有机污染调查必测项目包含了38项(挥发性指标28项、有机氯农药9项和1种多环芳烃),取得了地下水有机污染的基本资料。但从对国外文献的调研来看,地下水中有机污染的种类远远超过38种。为了更全面地掌握中国地下水的质量,有必要对不同地区或不同类型的地下水中典型的有机污染物的种类进行研究,为后续地下水有机污染调查的增项做准备。通过检索美国环保局(USEPA)、美国地质调查局(USGS)和欧盟(EU)近年来的地下水质量年度报告和相关文献,调研了地下水中典型有机污染物的类型,选出最常检出的有机污染物,形成最常检出的有机污染物的检出率排序表,列出了检出率高的前50个污染物的名单。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000113

<正>Against the current background of global climate change,the study of variations in the soil carbon pool and its controlling factors may aid in the evaluation of soil's role in the mitigation or enhancement of greenhouse gas.This paper studies spatial and temporal variation in the soil carbon pool and their controlling factors in the southern Song-nen Plain in Heilongjiang Province,using soil data collected over two distinct periods by the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey in 2005—2007, and another soil survey conducted in 1982—1990.The study area is a carbon source of 1479 t/km~2 and in the past 20 years,from the 1980s until 2005.the practical carbon emission from the soil was 0.12 Gt.Temperature,which has been found to be linearly correlated to soil organic carbon,is the dominant climatologic factor controlling soil organic carbon contents.Our study shows that in the relevant area and time period the potential loss of soil organic carbon caused by rising temperatures was 0.10 Gt,the potential soil carbon emission resulting from land-use change was 0.09 Gt,and the combined potential loss of soil carbon(0.19 Gt) caused by warming and land-use change is comparable to that of fossil fuel combustion(0.21 Gt).Due to the time delay in soil carbon pool variation,there is still 0.07 Gt in the potential emission caused by warming and land-use change that will be gradually released in the future.