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151.
152.
VARIABILITY OF AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES OVER HEFEI DURING SEPTEMBER 1993 TO SEPTEMBER 1994 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
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An 8-wavelength sun-photometer has been operated at Hefei (31.31°N, 117.17°E) to monitoroptical properties of atmospheric aerosols. Altogether 133 solar spectral extinction data were ob-tained on clear days during the period from September 1993 through September 1994, In this pa-per, the feature of the sun-photometer is briefly described. A relative aureole method is intro-duced. which can be used to monitor temporal evolution of aerosol loading during the sun-pho-tometer calibration period. Temporal variabilities of spectral aerosol optical depths and Angstromturbidity parameters are presented. Relation of these variabilities with synoptic and local meteoro-logical conditions are analyzed and discussed, From measured spectral aerosol optical depths undersome representative atmospheric conditions, columnar aerosol size distributions have been retrievedby a linearly constrained inversion method. These typical columnar aerosol size distributions are al-so presented and discussed. 相似文献
153.
兰州冬季气溶胶光学特性的参数化 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
兰州冬季气溶胶的谱分布用双谱模式拟合,即Junge谱加Deirmendjian谱;气溶胶的平均折射率为1.549-0.1i;气溶胶浓度随高度的分布根据天气条件取为高斯、均匀、指数分布三种类型。以此为基础,计算出兰州冬季气溶胶光学厚度的平均值。 经实测的气溶胶光学厚度与本文的计算值比较后发现,我们的参数化方案基本上是成功的。 相似文献
154.
Hans Güsten Günther Heinrich Ralf W. H. Schmidt Ulrich Schurath 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1992,14(1-4):73-84
A small, lightweight (1.5 kg) and fast-response ozone sensor for direct eddy flux measurements has been built. The basis for detection is the chemiluminescence of an organic dye adsorbed on dry silica gel in the reaction with ozone. The chemiluminescence is monitored with a cheap and small blue-sensitive photomultiplier. At a flow rate of 100 l min-1 the ozone sensor has a 90% response time of significantly better than 0.1 s with a detection limit lower than 50 ppt at S/N=3. There are no interferences from other atmospheric trace gases like NOx, H2O2 and PAN. Water vapour and SO2 enhance the chemiluminescence efficiency of the ozone sensor. Since their response times are 22 seconds and 30 minutes, respectively, no correlation between rapid ozone fluctuations and those of these two trace gases is noticed by the ozone sensor when operating at a frequency of 10 Hz.The ozone sensor was tested for several weeks in continuous measurements of ozone fluxes and deposition velocities over different croplands using the eddy correlation technique. Good agreement was found between ozone dry deposition velocities derived from profile measurements and by eddy correlation. 相似文献
155.
王鹏飞 《南京气象学院学报》1992,(2)
《周礼》十煇为世界最早的光象分类体系。其含义历来众说纷纭。有探讨、重建并评价的必要。本文比照历史上有影响的五家十煇定义,分析其含糊矛盾之处,提出复原十煇原义的三条原则,从而重建了十煇原义表,介绍了古代观测十煇的方法。最后对《周礼》十煇这个光象分类体系进行了评价。 相似文献
156.
二轴晶光率体光性正负有两种判别方法:一种是根据光轴角(2V)的锐角平分线(Bxa)与Ng一致还是与Np一致来判别,其临界点是2y=90°;另一种是根据三个主拆射率的相对大小来判别.由于二轴晶光率体为三轴椭球体,在其临界点Ng一Nm=Nm一Np时,光轴角并不等于90°。就是说,两种判别方法的临界点不一致。本文从光率体几何特性研究入手,通过几何及数学方法,着重讨论上述两种判别方法在其临界点时的相对关系,并结合实际例证,认为二轴晶光率体光性正负的临界点不能只确定为一个点,而应限定在一个范围,即2V=90°到Ng-Nm=Nm-Np之间。 相似文献
157.
The advantages of using unmanned underwater vehicles in coastal ocean studies are emphasized. Two types of representative vehicles, remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) from University of South Florida, are discussed. Two individual modular sensor packages designed and tested for these platforms and field measurement results are also presented. The bottom classification and albedo package, BCAP, provides fast and accurate estimates of bottom albedos, along with other parameters such as in-water remote sensing reflectance. The real-time ocean bottom optical topographer, ROBOT, reveals high-resolution 3-dimentional bottom topography for target identification. Field data and results from recent Coastal Benthic Optical Properties field campaign, 1999 and 2000, are presented. Advantages and limitations of these vehicles and applications of modular sensor packages are compared and discussed. 相似文献
158.
测汞用光纤传感器的初步研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用原子吸收原理初步研制了一种测示用光纤传感器,解决了光纤探头部分的技术难题。与传统的测汞仪器相比,该仪器的最大优点是可动的。中介绍了仪器的工作原理及主要技术性能。实验表明,可以利用光纤传感技术来实现汞测量。 相似文献
159.
This paper presents a linear predictor (LP)‐based lossless sensor data compression algorithm for efficient transmission, storage and retrieval of seismic data. Auto‐Regressive with eXogenous input (ARX) model is selected as the model structure of LP. Since earthquake ground motion is typically measured at the base of monitored structures, the ARX model parameters are calculated in a system identification framework using sensor network data and measured input signals. In this way, sensor data compression takes advantage of structural system information to maximize the sensor data compression performance. Numerical simulation results show that several factors including LP order, measurement noise, input and limited sensor number affect the performance of the proposed lossless sensor data compression algorithm concerned. Generally, the lossless data compression algorithm is capable of reducing the size of raw sensor data while causing no information loss in the sensor data. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
160.
本自动监测冰厚装置原理,是通过测量冰层底面与冰下水中一固定端之间垂直距离来实现的。该距离是一只浮桶从固定端运动到冰层底面的行程。随浮桶一起运动的压差式水位传感器分别给出浮桶位于固定端和冰层底面的位置,而浮桶的运动则依靠数据采集仪控制浮桶内水泵排吸水改变浮桶的重力来实现,并且该仪器能够记录传感器的信号和设置水泵开关的开、闭时间。为了避免浮桶对冰层厚度变化的影响且浮桶不至于与冰层底面冻结,浮桶只是在测量行程时上浮到冰层底面,其他时间均在固定端位置。文中给出系统的工作原理和现场实测结果的初步分析。 相似文献