Suspended sediment load transport in the Mississippi River basin at St. Louis: temporal scaling and nonlinear determinism

This study investigates the dynamic behavior of suspended sediment load transport at different temporal scales in the Mississippi River basin. Data corresponding to five successively doubled temporal scales (i.e. daily, two‐day, four‐day, eight‐day and 16‐day) from the St. Louis gaging station in Missouri are analyzed. The investigation is focused on identifying possible low‐dimensional deterministic behavior in the suspended sediment load transport dynamics, with an aim towards reduction in model complexity. The correlation dimension method is used to identify low‐dimensional determinism. The suspended sediment load dynamics are represented through phase‐space reconstruction, and the variability is estimated using the (proximity of) reconstructed vectors in the phase space. The results indicate the presence of low‐dimensional determinism in the suspended sediment load series at each of the five temporal scales, with the variables dominantly governing the dynamics in the order of three or four. These results not only suggest the appropriateness of relatively simpler models but also hint at possible scale invariance in the suspended sediment load transport dynamics. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nonlinear determinism in river flow: prediction as a possible indicator

Whether or not river flow exhibits nonlinear determinism remains an unresolved question. While studies on the use of nonlinear deterministic methods for modeling and prediction of river flow series are on the rise and the outcomes are encouraging, suspicions and criticisms of such studies continue to exist as well. An important reason for this situation is that the correlation dimension method, used as a nonlinear determinism identification tool in most of those studies, may possess certain limitations when applied to real river flow series, which are always finite and often short and also contaminated with noise (e.g. measurement error). In view of this, the present study addresses the issue of nonlinear determinism in river flow series using prediction as a possible indicator. This is done by (1) reviewing studies that have employed nonlinear deterministic methods (coupling phase‐space reconstruction and local approximation techniques) for river flow predictions and (2) identifying nonlinear determinism (or linear stochasticity) based on the level of prediction accuracy in general, and on the prediction accuracy against the phase‐space reconstruction parameters in particular (termed as the ‘inverse approach’). The results not only provide possible indications to the presence of nonlinear determinism in the river flow series studied, but also support, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the low correlation dimensions reported for such. Therefore, nonlinear deterministic methods are a viable complement to linear stochastic ones for studying river flow dynamics, if sufficient caution is exercised in their applications and in interpreting the outcomes. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地图数字化数据坐标变换的相关性分析

将用于求定地图数字化坐标转换参数的已知点的地面坐标和数字化坐标都当作观测值，用随有参数的条件平差求定转换参数，对采用4个已知点、9个已知点分别进行相似与仿射变换进行了分析，计算了格网点之间的相关系数，进一步分析了格网点间相关系数的分布规律，对转换后的坐标相关性进行了讨论。     

浅析解析测图仪相对定向的不定性

通过长期的生产实践提出了相对定向不定性的问题,从相对定向的数学关系着手,列出解求相对定向元素的方程组,分析了产生相对定向不定性的原因,提出了相对定向的结果必须是模拟显示结果与数字显示结果的统一.     

塔河油田下奥陶统碳酸盐岩储层对比及储层剖面模型

塔河油田奥陶系储层为岩溶缝洞型的碳酸盐岩储层，缝洞储层的形成与古岩溶作用密切相关，风化壳期岩溶作用对储集空间的发育程度有明显的控制作用。不同的储集空间类型受控于不同的岩溶古地貌单元。裂缝性储层主要分布于风化壳型岩溶不发育地区，或褶皱和断裂构造较发育的变化强烈部位；裂缝-孔洞型储层的分布与古岩溶发育带和岩溶斜坡地区密切相关；裂缝-溶洞型储层其分布与裂缝及古岩溶发育带密切相关，常常是在古岩溶高地边缘或部分岩溶斜坡区，多位于多组构造线的交汇处及褶皱的轴部等。为进一步探讨研究区缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的空间展布规律，根据暴露区淡水岩溶作用发育特点，依据碳酸盐岩储层的波阻抗响应特征、测井曲线、测试成果及开发动态资料，在恢复古岩溶地貌的基础上，对塔河油田（6区）的岩溶值得层进行了划分与对比。研究结果显示高产井多位于古岩溶地貌相对较高部位，而产量较少或没有出油气的井，则位于岩溶地貌相对较低部位。表明早期的古地貌形态对奥陶系碳酸盐岩溶蚀孔洞的发育具有明显的控制作用。岩溶储层的垂向发育和分布主要受碳酸盐岩古岩溶风化壳垂向分带性的影响，纵向上由风化壳顶面向下储层发育逐渐变差。以奥陶系古风化壳顶面为界，向下每60m为单位，对深度0-60m、60-120m、120-180m、180-240m岩溶储层的纵横向分布特征进行了分析，并建立了相应的储层剖面结构模型。     

沁水煤田霍东地区山西组主要煤层对比

运用标志层、层间距、物性特征、煤层本身特征等方法，对霍东地区沁安矿区和沁源矿区山西组1号、2号、3号煤层进行对比，认为沁安矿区未沉积3号煤层，该矿区现有的两个煤与沁源矿区的1号、2号煤层可比，而不是2号、3号煤层，其中既有定性又有定量，较成功的解决了南北两大矿区山本组主要可采煤层间的对比问题。     

景像匹配仿真的一种新方法

分析了影响景像相关匹配精度的各种误差因素，并给出它们的误差仿真模型，该模型可以适应飞行姿态、飞行器特性，天候等条件变化时的匹配概率估计，并可以与图像特征参数分析方法相结合。实验验证了该模型的有效性，且可以快速地给出影像图的适配性估计图，用于飞行器的航迹规划。     

Developing a bivariate spatial association measure: An integration of Pearson's r and Moran's I

 This research is concerned with developing a bivariate spatial association measure or spatial correlation coefficient, which is intended to capture spatial association among observations in terms of their point-to-point relationships across two spatial patterns. The need for parameterization of the bivariate spatial dependence is precipitated by the realization that aspatial bivariate association measures, such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, do not recognize spatial distributional aspects of data sets. This study devises an L statistic by integrating Pearson's r as an aspatial bivariate association measure and Moran's I as a univariate spatial association measure. The concept of a spatial smoothing scalar (SSS) plays a pivotal role in this task. Received: 07 November 2000 / Accepted: 02 August 2001     

河口表层悬浮泥沙气象卫星遥感定量模式研究

分析了HRIS光谱图像帧序列的相关性 ,并针对这一特性 ,提出了利用D2 PCM方法 ,降低光谱图像序列的谱相关和空间相关 ,减少图像中的冗余 ,从而实现光谱图像的压缩。该方法提高了压缩比和压缩效率 ,算法运算量小 ,快速。     

北疆冬季降水异常与前期环流特征的相关分析

用相关分析法计算了北疆冬季降水与前期各月北半球500hPa平均高度场的相关系数，选择相关好的域计算了北疆冬季降水异常年份对应的前期相关月的500hPa距平场，结果表明当年9月欧洲脊的强弱及新疆上空急锋锋区的位置与前冬降水异常有一定的相关，6月北欧-极区冷空气的强度及12月西西伯利亚脊的位置和强弱与后冬降水异常有一定的相关。