钻进时同步显示钻孔地层柱状图技术探讨

探讨了钻进时同步显示钻孔地层柱状图技术研究的意义，提出了用人工神经网络理论来解决地层识别的方法，开发了一套识别软件并用实际钻探资料进行了验证。     

Boron and Oxygen Isotope Composition of Certified Reference Materials NIST SRM 610/612 and Reference Materials JB-2 and JR-2

We present data on the concentration, the isotope composition and the homogeneity of boron in NIST silicate glass reference materials SRM 610 and SRM 612, and in powders and glasses of geological reference materials JB-2 (basalt) and JR-2 (rhyolite). Our data are intended to serve as references for both microanalytical and wet-chemical techniques. The δ¹¹ B compositions determined by N-TIMS and P-TIMS agree within 0.5% and compare with SIMS data within 2.5%. SIMS profiles demonstrate boron isotope homogeneity to better than δ¹¹ B = 2% for both NIST glasses, however a slight boron depletion was detected towards the outermost 200 μm of the rim of each sample wafer. The boron isotope compositions of SRM 610 and SRM 612 were indistinguishable. Glasses produced in this study by fusing JB-2 and JR-2 powder also showed good boron isotope homogeneity, both within and between different glass fragments. Their major element abundance as well as boron isotope compositions and concentrations were identical to those of the starting composition. Hence, reference materials (glasses) for the in situ measurement of boron isotopes can be produced from already well-studied volcanic samples without significant isotope fractionation. Oxygen isotope ratios, both within and between wafers, of NIST reference glasses SRM 610 and SRM 612 are uniform. In contrast to boron, significant differences in oxygen isotope compositions were found between the two glasses, which may be due to the different amounts of trace element oxides added at ten-fold different concentration levels to the silicate matrix.     

北阳庄井田构造发育规律探析

通过对北阳庄井田综合勘探所获得的构造成果的归纳总结，探讨和分析了井田内褶皱及断层的发育规律、分布特征及其成因机制。对今后的矿井设计、建设和生产均有一定的指导意义。     

Q型聚类分析中变量相关性的处理方法分析

本文分析了斜交距离法、主成分分析法和马氏距离法等处理原始变量相关性的方法的原理,论述了Q型聚类分析相似性统计量的几种数据处理方法之间的特点及其等价关系,并且用实际算例验证了理论推导的正确性。     

水准尺倾斜对沉降变形量的影响研究

在分析了水准尺倾斜对高差影响的基础上，提出了减弱水准尺倾斜对沉降变形量影响的具体措施及改正计算公式，结合武汉市鑫汉花园的沉降监测的工程实践，对其影响作了分析，得出了一些有用的结论和建议。     

Alluvial deposits of a mud-dominated stream: the Red River, Manitoba, Canada

Abstract The Red River, Manitoba, is a mud‐dominated, meandering stream that occupies a shallow valley eroded into a clay plain. The valley‐bottom alluvium is the product of incision and lateral migration of river meanders. As revealed by a transect of five boreholes located across the floodplain at each of two successive river meanders, the alluvial deposits range from about 15 to 22 m thick and are composed primarily of silt. Sedimentary structures in the cores are weakly defined and consist mostly of beds of massive silt, thick (>0·4 m) massive silt and disturbed silt. Interlaminated sand and silt, and sand beds form relatively minor deposits, principally within the lower half of the alluvium, and thin beds of medium‐coarse sand and pea gravel can be present locally within the lower metre of the alluvium. The alluvium is interpreted to consist of overbank deposits from 0 to 2–3 m depth, oblique accretion deposits from 2–3 to 8–12 m depth and oblique accretion and/or channel deposits from 8–12 m to the base of the sequence. The massive bedding within the oblique accretion deposits is interpreted to represent the remnants of couplet deposits that were initially composed of interbedded, muddy silt and sand‐sized silt aggregates, as is consistent with the contemporary bank sedimentation. The post‐depositional disintegration and/or compaction of the aggregates has caused the loss of the sand‐sized texture. The disturbed silt beds are interpreted as slump structures caused by large‐scale rotational failures along the convex banks. Overall, the Red River represents a portion of a continuum of muddy, fine‐grained streams; where the alluvium lacks a distinct coarse unit, oblique accretion deposits form a majority of the floodplain, and large‐scale slump features are present.     

The migration history of the Nazca Ridge along the Peruvian active margin: a re-evaluation

The collision zone of the 200 km wide and 1.5 km high Nazca Ridge and the Peruvian segment of the convergent South American margin between 14°S and 17°S is characterized by deformation of the upper plate and several hundred meters of uplift of the forearc. This is evident by a narrowing of the shelf, a westward shift of the coastline and the presence of marine terraces. As the Nazca Ridge is oblique with respect to both trench and convergence direction of the Nazca Plate, it migrates southward along the active plate boundary. For reconstructing the migration history of the Nazca Ridge, this study uses updated plate motion data, resulting from a revision of the geomagnetic time scale. The new model suggests that the ridge crest moved laterally parallel to the margin at a decreasing velocity of ∼75 mm/a (before 10.8 Ma), ∼61 mm/a (10.8-4.9 Ma), and ∼43 mm/a (4.9 Ma to present). Intra-plate deformation associated with mountain building in the Peruvian Andes since the Miocene reduces the relative convergence rate between Nazca Plate and Peruvian forearc. Taking an intra-plate deformation at a rate of ∼10 mm/a, estimated from space-geodetic and geological data, into account, does not significantly reduce these lateral migration velocities. Constraining the length of the original Nazca Ridge by its conjugate feature on the Pacific Plate yields a length of 900 km for the subducted portion of the ridge. Using this constraint, ridge subduction began ∼11.2 Ma ago at 11°S. Therefore, the Nazca Ridge did not affect the northern sites of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 112 located at 9°S. This is supported by benthic foraminiferal assemblages in ODP Leg 112 cores, indicating more than 1000 m of subsidence since at least Middle Miocene time, and by continuous shale deposition on the shelf from 18 to 7 Ma, recorded in the Ballena industrial well. At 11.5°S, the model predicts the passage of the ridge crest ∼9.5 Ma ago. This agrees with the sedimentary facies and benthic foraminiferal stratigraphy of ODP Leg 112 cores, which argue for deposition on the shelf in the Middle and Late Miocene with subsequent subsidence of a minimum of several hundred meters. Onshore at 12°S, the sedimentary record shows at least 500 m uplift prior to the end of the Miocene, also in agreement with the model.     

倾斜细土平原盐渍土分布规律及盐胀作用分析

本文通过实例分析了倾斜细土平原盐渍土分布规律及盐胀性，盐类分布在平面上呈不连续性和不均匀性，中游以硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐为主，向下游逐渐变为以氯盐、亚氯盐为主，盐胀作用也由强变弱。     

内蒙古大青山深层次韧性剪切带的特征及其成因机制

内蒙古大青山高级变质杂岩区发育多条近东西向、平行相阃排列的深层次韧性剪切带.其主要位于不同岩性的边界,以发育各种条带构造及S-C组构为特征.韧性剪切带与其间弱变形域的应变强弱相间,连续变化的特点可用变形分解理论合理解释.剪切带中的构造岩具有明显不同于中浅层次糜棱岩的微观组构特征,主要表现为无残斑基质之分,广泛发育复晶石英条带,长石多呈三边平衡结构等,反映了地壳深层次的变形主要受扩散蠕变及熔体强化的颗粒流动机制控制.同构造矿物组合与石榴石-黑云母矿物时温压计(710℃,0.6 GPa)显示变形环境为高角闪岩相-麻粒岩相.同构造岩体单颗粒锆石U-Pb同住素年龄在1900 Ma～2200 Ma之间,推测剪切带大致形成于早元古代.韧性剪切带的构造形迹暗示其形成于斜向挤压(NNE-SSW)的构造环境,结合年代学资料及当时的大地构造环境,可认为其是阴山陆块与鄂尔多斯陆块斜向(NNE-SSW)水平会聚导致应变分解的产物.     

无人机倾斜摄影在城市规划中的应用

无人机倾斜摄影技术,是一种全新的地理信息获取手段,本文通过该技术制作出了深汕合作区实景三维模型及数字线画图,平面点位中误差和高程中误差均符合国家1:500地形图相关规范,可作为深汕合作区城市规划及建设的基本资料,为城市规划部门的决策提供了便利.通过清晰的纹理将城市及农村地物逼真地进行展示,对监管城市违法建筑物及新农村建...