东秦岭火山岩的地球化学特征和成因模式

熊耳群为玄武粗安岩-英安流纹岩组合,大红口组为粗面岩组合,属B类的过渡型拉斑玄武岩浆系列,具以太华群为岩浆房的壳幔混染型成因;秦岭群和宽坪群为变拉斑玄武岩建造,属A类拉斑玄武岩浆系列,具幔源型成因;二郎坪群和丹凤群属细碧岩-石英角斑岩建造,C类石英角斑岩浆系列与A类拉斑玄武岩浆系列共存,具壳幔双层混合型成因。     

Mini-inflation prior to the cosmic confinement transition?

The onset of the confinement transition in the early universe is studied within the Friedmann model. Exploiting a bag model equation of state for the deconfined matter, which is generalized to include also metastable states, the possibility of a mini-inflationary epoch is demonstrated. A criterion of metastability is derived to estimate parameters of this mini-inflation.     

内蒙古区域数值预报对探空和地面观测资料的敏感性试验研究

基于内蒙古睿图预报系统的低分辨率版本和WRFDA-FSO诊断工具,评估2021年7月现有探空和地面观测对内蒙古睿图预报系统预报的影响。该方法计算代价相对低廉,并允许根据观测变量、观测类型、气压层次、地理区域等观测的子集对观测影响进行划分。代价函数为以干总能量为度量的背景场和分析场的预报误差之间的差异。结果表明:观测影响的总体总和为负,观测对预报起正贡献作用。对12 h预报误差减小贡献最大的观测来自探空观测的动力变量(U、V风分量)。而单时次单位数量平均观测影响,探空观测的贡献约为地面观测的1/2。探空观测对12 h预报误差减小从近地面层至模式层顶均保持正贡献作用,并在对流层中低层和对流层高空急流层存在两个极大值区域;地面观测在850 hPa以下低层正贡献占比明显。探空观测在被同化系统同化时均总体具有有利的影响,也反映出探空观测数据稳定、质量较高的特征;地面观测对12 h预报误差减小起正贡献作用次数最多的区域在河套地区尤为显著。同时,探讨了需进一步提高地面观测资料同化率的问题。     

试论中国城市化发展模式

结合城市化的新观念,提出了中国城市化发展新理论模式--中国城乡网络化发展模式.城乡网络化发展模式建立在区域综合协调发展基础之上,指的是在一定区域范围内城乡之间各种经济活动主体构成一个有序化的关联系统及其运行过程,并通过这个过程获得一种特有的网络组织功能效应.同时,还在此理论基础上针对我国东部、中部、西部地区各自的现实条件,分别对其实施城乡网络化发展进行了初步构想.     

新型抗滑结构围桩-土的耦合效应分析

在引入围桩-土耦合式抗滑结构的基础上建立数值分析模型;通过分析该抗滑结构中围桩-土的应力、应变分布规律,详细探讨围桩-土整个结构的耦合效应特征。进一步开展模型试验,测试并分析围桩前、后土压力和桩身弯矩分布特征,论证了围桩-土耦合式抗滑结构的作用机制。最后,分析了桩后距离、不同深度及不同土体强度参数对土拱效应的影响。得到：（1）围桩与桩内土体耦合呈现出4种应力拱形态：紧邻围桩后为扩肩型拱、围桩间双曲线型拱、围桩间凸向桩外的抛物线型拱、围桩间凸向桩内的抛物线型拱;（2）相邻围桩采用约4倍桩径间距、正六边形布置并顶部用圈梁固结、锚固一定深度可形成一种耦合式抗滑结构。该结论对于该新型抗滑结构的推广应用具有一定的指导意义。     

Reciprocality between biology and geology: Reconstructing polar Gondwana

The reciprocal nature of the relationship between historical geology (reconstruction models) and biology (constructing phylogenies) is discussed and the conceptual basis of such a relationship is examined through its historical development. Examples to illustrate aspects of the relationship are drawn from the Cretaceous breakup of polar Gondwana and the Cenozoic history of some of the resultant microcontinental fragments. A new mid-Cretaceous (circa 100 Ma) rift zone, separating the west Gondwanan Campbell Plateau, southern New Zealand, from the east Gondwanan Melanesian Rift is proposed, and biological and geological evidence for it is presented and discussed. It is also suggested that the Bounty Trough, Chatham Rise, and Hikurangi Plateau unit is incorrectly placed in reconstruction models, and it should be fitted outboard of the Melanesian Rift until its mid-Cenozoic attachment to the Campbell Plateau. It is concluded that both reconstruction modelling and phylogenetic analyses have much to gain through ‘reciprocal illumination’.     

5•12汶川地震中山区公路桥梁震害及启示

桥梁结构的振动特性受场地条件及土—结相互作用影响显著,为提高桥梁结构的抗震性能,减少因结构破坏而产生的经济损失,进一步开展考虑场地土体非线性以及土—结相互作用对桥梁结构地震反应影响的研究工作十分必要。本文以一典型桥梁结构为例,着重介绍了美国太平洋地震工程研究中心基于性能的桥梁有限元模拟平台BridgePBEE应用中所涉及的地震动选取、桥梁结构建模、土体本构选择以及基于构件的桩—土—桥梁结构体系损伤评估方法,为研究震后桥梁结构经济损失分析方法提供可行性方案。     

Distribution of suspended particulate matter in the northern Bohai Bay in summer and its relation with thermocline

Field observations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Bohai Bay, China have not been widely reported. The aim of this paper is to describe the horizontal and vertical distribution of mass and volume concentrations of SPM, respectively, based on observed data at 312 stations in the northern Bohai Bay during summer of 2006. A numerical model ECOMSED coupled with a sediment transport module was also established to further discuss the mechanism of the thermocline effect on the vertical distribution of SPM. The mass concentrations of SPM exhibited high inshore values and low offshore values in the horizontal distribution; while in the vertical direction, characteristics of the volume concentration of SPM can be divided into two types: one with a sharp peak at depth of 10–15 m and another without. The peak value at the depth of the thermocline was resulted from concentrated phytoplankton. A numerical experiment further displayed that the thermocline can also prevent particles from being resuspended upward.