The discovery of a new family Sunopteridae fam.nov.(Insecta: Protorthoptera) from Shaanxi Province,China

The fossil specimens discussed in this paper were collected from the grayish green mudstone and shale in the upper part of Lower Member of Middle Triassic Tongchuan Formation (T2t) in Shaanxi Province, China. Venationary feature correlation with old families and taxonomic discussion show that, among them, one specimen can be assigned to a new family - Sunopteridae fam. nov., which includes a new genus and species and can be referred to Order Protorthoptera Handlirsch, 1906 in taxonomic position, thus belonging to a new member of the Tongchuan Entomoassemblage of Shaanxi Entomofauna (belonging to Shaanxi Biota). The discovery of the new family and its new genus and species has certain reference values as follows: ① The discovery of the new family and its new genus and species fills firstly the vacancy in the protorthopterous field of China; ② In the meantime, it fills also the gaps of the valuable Middle Triassic protorthopterous fossil specimens between Late Carboniferous and Late Triassic Epochs in the world; ③ Judging from venationary features and taxonomic position, especially in the course of the formation of the merged vein of M and Cu, it formed a new unique and particular style of merged vein M+Cu. It not only is unique and simple, but also can be distinguished from the above mentioned 10 old families, thus providing important taxonomic evidence.     

Eocene fossil <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alseodaphne</Emphasis> from Hainan Island of China and its paleoclimatic implications

Alseodaphne changchangensis sp. nov. (Lauraceae), with a perfectly preserved fossil leaf, was found in the Eocene Changchang Formation from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. This represents the earliest occurrence at the lowest latitude for the genus Alseodaphne, and offers important fossil evidence for further investigation of the origin and evolution of this genus and the paleo-climate of Hainan Island in the Eocene. Based on leaf morphology and cuticle characteristics, our fossil specimen is ...     

寒武纪早期澄江生物群小细丝海绵属新材料

文章描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群小细丝海绵属一新种--螺旋小细丝海绵（Leptomitella spiralis sp. nov.）。新种 具有横向骨针束围绕海绵体呈螺旋状排列的典型特征,明显区别于属内其他种;此外,在外部形态和骨针类型上与属内其他种 也存在较大差异。新种的发现增加了Leptomitella种间形态结构的多样性,也为海绵动物的早期演化及寒武纪海绵动物辐射演 化研究提供新的化石资料。     

Two Zosterophyll Plants from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Xitun Formation of Northeastern Yunnan, China

Abstract: Two zosterophyll plants are described from the Lower Devonian (Lochkovian) Xitun Formation of Qujing, Yunnan, China. Xitunia spinitheca gen. et sp. nov. has stalked sporangia laterally attached on the axis in a helical arrangement. Sporangia are dorsoventrally flattened and composed of two unequal valves; the adaxial valve is round in face view, while the abaxial valve is larger than the former, triangular or wedge-shaped, and radially bears long spiny appendages along the distal margin. Xitunia shows new variation of sporangial morphology within the zosterophylls. Zosterophyllum minorstachyum sp. nov. has K-shaped branchings at the basal parts and small-sized terminal spikes, which consist of round to elliptical sporangia arranged helically. This paper provides new data on the diversity of plant types during Lochkovian when rare vascular plants were reported. As for various species of Zosterophyllum in South China, their apparent evolutionary trend of features from the Late Silurian to Early Devonian (Emsian) is discussed.     

An exotic insect Aethiocarenus burmanicus gen. et sp. nov. (Aethiocarenodea ord. nov., Aethiocarenidae fam. nov.) from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber

An exotic wingless female insect in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber is described as Aethiocarenus burmanicus sp. et gen. nov. in the order Aethiocarenodea ord. nov. and family Aethiocarenidae fam. nov. The distinguishing feature of Aethiocarenus burmanicus sp. et gen. nov. is its unique head, the dorsum of which is shaped like an isosceles right triangle with the hypotenuse at the top and vertex positioned at the base of the neck. While insects with triangular-shaped heads are common today, the hypotenuse of the triangle is always located at the base of the head and attached to the neck, with the vertex at the apex of the head. Other features of the fossil are the long narrow, flat body, long slender legs, especially the hind pair that are twice the length of the abdomen, lack of wings, protruding eyes, paired ocelli, secretory glands located on the dorsum of the neck and swollen abdomen bearing paired segmented cerci.     

A new weevil,Aepyceratus hyperochus gen. et sp. nov., Aepyceratinae subfam. nov., (Coleoptera; Nemonychidae) in Burmese amber

A new weevil, Aepyceratus hyperochus gen. et sp. nov., Aepyceratinae subfam. nov., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new subfamily differs from the previous Mesozoic subfamilies Brenthorrhininae, Eobelinae, Cretonemonychinae and Paleocartinae by the short lateral pronotal carina, stark convex eyes and basal antennal insertion. From the subfamilies Rhinorhynchinae and Cimberidinae, it is distinguished by the short lateral pronotal carina, exodontous mandibles and basal antennal insertion. The new subfamily differs from the subfamily Idiomacerinae by the distinct clypeolabral suture, elliptical protruding eyes, short antennomere 1, wide tarsi, short lateral carina on the pronotum, and exodontous mandibles.     

A new family of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber

A new family of aphids, the Isolitaphidae fam. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea), is described for the new genus and species, Isolitaphis prolatantennus gen. et sp nov., in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Burma). The new species is compared with previously described Mesozoic Aphidoidea, including members of the families Parvaverrucosidae and Burmitaphididae that were described earlier from Myanmar amber. The new taxon can be separated from all previously described extant and extinct Aphidoidea by its 10-segmented antenna, the presence of an ovipositor, siphons, a three-branched M vein and forked C vein. The new species adds to the morphological diversity of Mesozoic Aphidoidea.     

浙江晚泥盆世的石松类(Lycopodiales)化石

本文描述了萧山虎山和长兴泗安晚泥盆世地层中的石松类化石,共有6个属9个种,其中包括1个新属和3个新种,分别:SpinolepidodendronhangzhouenseGen.etsp.nov,SublepidodendronXianshanensesp.nov,Eolepi-dodendronhushanensesp.nov.。认为浙江晚泥盆世植物化应归于以Leptopnloeumrhombicum-Sublepidodendronxi-aoshanense—Xihuphyllummegalofolium为代表的组合。     

石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus L.)源杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲽亚种生物学性状的研究

采用分类方法，对从两起石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus L．)细菌性败血感染症病例的病(死)鱼中分离到的相应病原菌，进行形态特征、培养特征、自凝性、色素产生情况及生理生化特性等较系统的表观分类学指征鉴定及代表菌株DNA中(G C)％的测定等研究。结果表明，分离菌为杀鲑气单胞菌的新亚种(subsp．nov．)并定名为杀鲑气单胞菌杀鲽亚种(Aeromonas salmonicida subsp．flounderacida subsp．nov．)。经血清型检定，表明60株菌均为同种血清型。选择代表菌株做对健康石鲽、牙鲆、鲤、鲫及泥鳅的人工感染试验，表明了相应的原发病原学意义及较强的致病作用。药敏试验结果表明，对供试37种抗菌药物中的青霉素G等6种耐药，对头孢噻肟等25种高敏，对多黏菌素B、利福平2种敏感，对头孢唑啉等4种在株间存在一定敏感性差异。该研究结果能较全面地反映出该菌的主要生物学性状。     

南海鱼类寄生粘孢子虫──Ⅱ．篮子鱼两极虫与尖吻鲈尾孢虫两新种

篮子鱼两极虫，新种Ｍｙｘｉｄｉｕｍｓｉｇａｎｕｍｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．寄生于篮子鱼Ｓｉｇａｎｕｓｓｐ．胆囊。孢子缝面观菱形，正面观椭圆形。孢子表面具有６条条纹。孢子长１１．４μｍ，宽６．９μｍ；极囊直径３．３μｍ；囊间距２．８μｍ。尖吻鲈尾孢虫，新种Ｈｅｎｎｅｇｕｙａｌａｔｅｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ寄生于尖吻鲈Ｌａｔｅｓｃａｌｃａｒｉｊｅｒ鳃部。孢子呈倒梨形。孢子长８．９μｍ，宽５．７μｍ，厚４．９μｍ；极囊长２．８μｍ，宽１．８μｍ；尾长１６．０μｍ。