Time-series observation of dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrients in the northwestern North Pacific

Time-series measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and nutrient concentrations were conducted in the northwestern North Pacific from October 2002 to August 2004. Assuming that data obtained in different years represented time-series seasonal data for a single year, vertical distributions of DIC and nutrients showed large seasonal variabilities in the surface layer (∼100 m). Seasonal variabilities in normalized DIC (nDIC) and nitrate concentrations at the sea surface were estimated to be 81–113 μmol kg⁻¹ and 12.7–15.7 μmol kg⁻¹, respectively, in the Western Subarctic Gyre. The variability in nutrients between May and July was generally at least double that in other seasons. In the Western Subarctic Gyre, estimations based on statistical analyses revealed that seasonal new production was 39–61 gC m⁻² and tended to be higher in the southwestern regions or coastal regions. The seasonal new productions in the northwestern North Pacific were two or more times higher than in the North Pacific subtropical gyre and the northeastern North Pacific. It is likely that this difference is due to spatial variations in the concentrations of trace metals and the species of phytoplankton present. In addition, from estimations of surface pCO₂ it was verified that the Western Subarctic Gyre is a source of atmospheric CO₂ between February and May and a sink for CO₂ between July and October.     

西北太平洋137°E断面温度场和盐度场的时空特征

本文利用日本气象厅在137°E断面获得的水温和盐度长期观测资料,分析了该断面温度场和盐度场的时空特征.结果表明,137°E断面的温度场和盐度场都存在着明显的季节差异和年际变化.冬季,温度场变化的关键区位于3°～18°N的300m以浅海域,而盐度场变化的关键区则位于18°～34°N的300m以浅海域.夏季,温度场变化的关键区位于3°～16°N的300m以浅海域,而盐度场则有两个关键区,分别位于3°～18°N的200m以浅海域和24°～34°N的300m以浅海域.温度场的年际变化与ENSO循环相联系,而盐度场的年际变化则比较复杂.     

Repeated Wildfires in the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation (Aalenian and Bajocian Ages) in Northwestern China

The coal-bearing strata in the southern Junggar Basin in northwestern China have recently attracted the attention of coal geologists. Its abundance of coal resources is of great interest as there is a potential of unlocking details about the palaeoclimatic information. Coal deposits have the capacity to record wildfire events, even those with inefficient combustions. To characterize wildfire events and palaeoclimatic history of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation (Aalenian and Bajocian ages), 22 coal samples from borehole cores and coal mines in the southern Junggar Basin were collected and their macerals were analyzed. The results indicated that fusinite and semi-fusinite were the dominant components of inertinite with proportions of 35.27% and 54.67%, respectively. The presence of inertinite is an indicator that wildfires occurred at the time of peat land development, and the widespread occurrence suggests large scale wildfires during the Middle Jurassic. This study proposes a new parameter for the evaluation of wildfire features by combining burning frequency and burning temperature. The comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) was influenced by the lacustrine basin level and ancient plant types from a sequence framework. During the Middle Jurassic, most wildfires were surface fires with low level and ground fire with high level. High oxygen levels were estimated in the lower, middle, and upper members of the Xishanyao Formation with corresponding to 26.78%, 24.55%, and 23.55%, respectively. The high oxygen levels would be the primary cause of repeated wildfires in the Middle Jurassic. These results are helpful for understanding palaeoclimatic changes in the Middle Jurassic.     

鲁西北平原区地热资源开发对地下水环境的影响

地热资源是集热、水、矿为一体的新型能源,具有污染小、易开发、投资小和环保的特点。在鲁西北平原区地热井多集中分布在城区内,且同一地区地热井的取水区段基本一致,开发利用方式单一,没有较为完善的回灌措施,且尾水处理工艺简陋甚至直接排放,造成了地热资源开采区及排放流经区域水土污染,该文在对区内地热资源开发利用现状调查的基础上,对开发利用过程中可能引起的浅层及深层地下水污染情况进行了分析,并提出了一些防治措施与建议。     

应用地面高精度磁法测量成果在贵州罐子窑-茅口地区圈定铅锌铜金找矿远景区

本文通过对贵州罐子窑-茅口地区地面高精度磁测资料数据处理、化极和延拓,对圈定的弱磁异常进行地质解释,推断一些弱磁异常可能与浅成辉绿岩或热液活动有关。结合地物化遥成果,圈定了花贡铅锌金找矿远景区、罐子窑铅锌找矿远景区和花嘎铅锌铜金找矿远景区。而异常查证结果表明,所发现的铅锌矿化蚀变带均出现在推断的隐伏构造或隐伏侵入体附近,表明物、化探异常的出现应与深部岩浆和构造活动为成矿提供了热源和成矿空间有关,为寻找铅锌矿提供了间接找矿依据。     

西北地区矿产资源潜力地球化学评价中成矿元素异常的圈定方法

地球化学方法是矿产资源潜力评价的重要手段,特别是在资源潜力预测评价的潜力区优选中尤为重要。但在工作实践中发现,用统一的异常下限圈定异常,常常会出现“有矿无异常或有异常无矿”的信息错位,给资源潜力地球化学评价工作中的异常定位造成困惑。经过对比分析认为：应用经滑动平均处理得到的滑动平均衬值数据绘制等量线图和相应的异常图,是解决区域性地球化学评价工作中异常信息错位的有效手段。在西北地区(包括各省区),滑动平均窗口大小选择49km×49km为宜。经过这种数据处理后圈定的异常图可以有效地解决异常信息错位现象,明显压制高背景异常,突出低背景区的弱小异常,同时也很好地显示了区域异常带的展布规律,间接地反映了区域构造和控矿构造的空间特征。     

冀西北水泉沟碱性杂岩体成岩时代研究

采用高分辨率离子探针 (SHRIMP)对水泉沟碱性杂岩体锆石U Pb的分析结果表明 ,东坪金矿区二长岩和后沟金矿区正长岩年龄分别为 ( 390± 6)和 ( 386± 7)Ma ,两者几乎同时形成 ,并构成了一个大的复式岩基 ,即水泉沟碱性杂岩基。结合有关矿床形成的年代学资料 ,认为水泉沟碱性杂岩仅仅作为金矿床的围岩 ,与东坪和后沟等金矿床之间不存在直接的成因联系。     

Ore-forming fluids in the dongping gold deposit, northwestern Hebei Province

The Dongping gold deposit is contained within an inner contacting zone of the Hercynian Shuiquangou alkali syenite. The ores occur as veins or as replacement bodies. Fluid inclusion observation shows that in early and main mineralizing stages inclusion types are gas and gas-liquid inclusions, respectively. Gas inclusions occur in isolation in vein quartz, their homog-enization temperature is 372-306°C, and salinity 3.7-1.0 wt% NaCl. Gas-liquid inclusions occur in clusters or healed fractures but do not cut quartz boundary with homogenization temperature 342-267°C and salinity 1.9-0.8 wt% NaCl. Stable isotope measurements show that at main gold mineralization, hydrogen and oxygen isotopic ratios of the mineralizing fluids are -70.8‰-108.4‰ and 2.44‰-4.05‰, respectively. Primary ore fluids in Dongping are higher temperature and lower salinity NaCl-CO₂-H₂O fluids, and come from Yanshanian granitic magmatism. Fluid im-miscibility, fluid-rock interactions and meteoric water adding were main reasons for gold deposition.     

滇西北兰坪盆地金满脉状铜矿床绢云母^40Ar-^39Ar年龄对成矿时代的约束

处于印度大陆与亚洲大陆主碰撞带北东侧的兰坪盆地西缘的金满铜矿床，产于中生代陆相沉积砂岩、泥岩中，以其属新类型陆相喷流铜矿床而引起人们的关注。关于其成矿时代至今仍然存在争论。采用常规^40Ar/^39Ar阶段升温测年法对金满铜矿床主矿体旁侧的含铜热液蚀变矿物绢云母进行了测试，获得3组视平均年龄分别为88Ma、67Ma、37Ma。结合兰坪盆地区域地质成矿背景，认为金满铜矿成矿经历了早期67Ma的成矿作用和晚期37Ma的成矿叠加作用，后者代表了金满铜矿的主要形成年龄。金满铜矿床的2期成矿年龄可能是印～藏碰撞(古新世)和走滑～拉分(始新世)等重大地质构造事件在矿床中留下的同位素年龄信息．暗示着古新世时期的构造作用和始新世时期的构造-岩浆-成矿活动对兰坪盆地的作用。     

The attenuation mechanism of seismic waves in northwestern Himalayas

We analysed local earthquake waveforms recorded on a broad-band seismic network in northwestern Himalayas to compute the intrinsic and scattered attenuation parameters from coda waves. Similar to other tectonically active and heterogeneous regions, attenuation-frequency relation for western Himalaya is   Q ⁻¹ _c = (113 ± 7)  f ^(1.01±0.05)  where   Q_c   is the coda Q parameter. Intrinsic  ( Q ⁻¹ _i )  and scattering  ( Q ⁻¹ _s )  attenuations was separated using   Q_c   and direct S -wave Q data  ( Q_d )  . It is observed that estimated   Q ⁻¹ _c   is close to   Q ⁻¹ _i   and both of them are much larger than   Q ⁻¹ _s   suggesting that coda decay is predominantly caused by intrinsic attenuation. At higher frequencies, both the attenuation parameters   Q_c   and,   Q_d   are similar indicating that coda is predominantly composed of back-scattered S waves at these frequencies.