玄武岩盖层下石林的岩溶动力学特征

受玄武岩盖层的影响,石林地区的地下水在雨季和旱季对碳酸盐岩都具有侵蚀性,玄武岩盖层空气CO2呈现出低—高—低的双向变化梯度。溶蚀试验表明．地下0～0．6m,水平方向的溶蚀量大于垂直方向的溶蚀量,而随着深度的增加,垂直方向的溶蚀量大于水平方向。富含CO2的水通过具有最大渗透张量和较小主轴倾角的玄武岩裂隙下渗,对碳酸盐岩的溶蚀作用表现为一个脱钙、富铝铁、硅迁移的复杂过程,并在地下0～0．6m形成许多水平凹槽、穿洞等岩溶形态,而地表0．6m以下以垂向溶蚀为主,有利于石柱的形成与发育。     

河南省城区经济发展研究

文章首先介绍了城区经济的概念、特征和类型，在分析河南省城区经济发展状况的基础上，论述了该省城区经济的地位和作用，提出了河南省城区经济发展构想以及对策措施。     

A New Species of Rhodoleia (Hamamelidaceae) from the Upper Pliocene of West Yunnan, China and Comments on Phytogeography and Insect Herbivory

In Europe, fossil fruits and seeds of Rhodoleia (Hamamelidaceae) have been described from the Upper Cretaceous to the Miocene, whereas no fossil record of Rhodoleia has been reported in Asia, where the modern species occur. Herein, 21 fossil leaves identified as Rhodoleia tengchongensis sp. nov. are described from the Upper Pliocene of Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The fossils exhibit elliptic lamina with entire margins, simple brochidodromous major secondary veins, mixed percurrent intercostal tertiary veins, and looped exterior tertiaries. The leaf cuticle is characterized by pentagonal or hexagonal cells, stellate multicellular trichomes, and paracytic stomata. The combination of leaf architecture and cuticular characteristics suggests that the fossil leaves should be classified into the genus Rhodoleia. The fossil distributions indicate that the genus Rhodoleia might originate from Central Europe, and that migrated to Asia prior to the Late Pliocene. Additionally, insect damage is investigated, and different types of damage, such as hole feeding, margin feeding, surface feeding, and galling, are observed on the thirteen fossil leaves. Based on the damage frequencies for the fossil and extant leaves, the specific feeding behavior of insects on Rhodoleia trees appears to have been established as early as the Late Pliocene. The high occurrence of Rhodoleia insect herbivory may attract the insect-foraging birds, thereby increasing the probability of pollination.     

A New Specimen of Liaoceratops yanzigouensis (Dinosauria:Neoceratopsia) from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China

A new specimen of basal neoceratopsian dinosaur Liaoceratops yanzigouensis is described. The specimen comes from the Lujiatun Bed of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao City of western Liaoning Province, and is represented by a very well preserved three-dimensional partial skull and mandible. It is also the smallest among the three specimens of L. yanzigouensis, and several features in the new specimen, such as the short preorbital length and the round rostroventral orbital rim, can be ontogenetically-related. The superb exposure of the palatal complex may be caused by the removing of its brain by a small predator in the contemporary Jehol Biota.     

云南巍山—永平碰撞造山带走滑拉分盆地铜金多金属矿成矿流体系统：稳定同位素特征及热液来源

云南巍山—永平矿集区位于兰坪走滑拉分盆地南段,有铜金多金属中、小型矿床及矿化点140余处,盆地发育和成矿作用与印度—亚洲板块碰撞密切相关。为了探索该矿集区成矿热液的来源,研究了该区成矿流体的稳定同位素特征。区内成矿流体系统可分为紫金山子系统与公郎弧子系统。公郎弧子系统内铜钴矿床成矿流体的δD为-83.8‰~-69‰,δ18O为4.17‰~10.45‰,δ13C为-13.6‰~3.7‰,成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水及地层水。紫金山子系统内金、铅锌、铁矿床成矿流体的δD为-117.4‰~-76‰,δ18O为5.32‰~9.56‰,δ13C为-10.07‰~-1.5‰;锑矿成矿流体的δD为-95‰~-78‰,δ18O为4.5‰~32.3‰,δ13C为-26.4‰~-1.9‰,成矿流体来源于地层水以及岩浆水。受印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞造山作用的影响,在该盆地内,成矿流体自南西向北东大规模迁移过程中,先形成温度、盐度较高的公郎弧子系统,随着流体向北东推进,温度、盐度逐渐降低,流体成分发生变化,演变为紫金山子系统。     

山东烟台地区苹果果园土壤中DDTs和HCHs残留分布特征与来源解析

为研究不同土壤类型中有机氯农药的残留特征、降解程度和来源途径,采集了山东烟台9个不同地质单元苹果园根系土壤和剖面土壤样品,用电子捕获检测器气相色谱法测定其中的滴滴涕(DDTs)和六六六(HCHs)。结果表明,研究区所有类型根系土壤中DDTs和HCHs均未超出《土壤环境质量标准》的二级土壤限值(500 ng/g);土壤中DDTs的残留量及检出率均高于HCHs,DDTs检出率为100%,平均残留量为71.7ng/g,而HCHs的检出率为19.70%,平均残留量为7.9 ng/g;根系土壤中DDTs各异构体平均浓度依次为p,p’-DDT>p,p’-DDE>o,p’-DDT>p,p’-DDD,而HCHs大部分以α-HCH形式存在,部分以β-HCH、γ-HCH存在。不同类型土壤中有机氯农药残留分布特征明显不同:DDTs在棕壤土(臧家庄)中最高(145.5 ng/g),在中粗粒砂土(武宁)中最低(24.1 ng/g);而HCHs在细砂质壤土(蛇窝泊)中最高(27.9ng/g)。各剖面土壤DDTs均在<20 cm层位中残留最高。DDTs和HCHs来源解析表明:研究区土壤为好氧条件;麻砂棕壤(官道和桃村)、黏细壤土(牟平)、细砂质壤土(蛇窝泊)和棕壤土(臧家庄)近年来仍有新的DDTs输入;大部分根系土壤均未发现HCHs新来源,但麻砂棕壤(桃村)在HCHs禁用后可能仍存在林丹的使用。     

返乡农民工旅游就业认知与意愿的实证研究

运用贵州省马岭河景区周边3个乡镇返乡农民工的调查数据及Logistic回归模型,对农民工旅游就业意愿及其影响因素进行了计量经济分析。研究表明,农民工旅游就业的意愿受到其年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、务工时间、务工月收入、对当地旅游发展的认同度、对旅游就业的认知以及旅游地相关就业政策的满意度等多种因素的影响。基于实证研究结果,就如何通过正确引导和解决返乡农民工的后续就业问题提出了相应的理论思考和政策建议。     

Giant Mineral Deposits and Their Geodynamic Setting in the Lanping Basin, Yunnan, China

There are giant mineral deposits, including the Jinding Zn-Pb and Baiyangping Ag-Co-Cu, and otherimportant mineral deposits (e.g., Baiyangchang Ag-Cu, Jinman Cu deposits, etc.) in the Lanping Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin, Yunnan Province, China. The tabular ore-bodies and some veins hosted in terrestrial clastic rocks of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic age and no outcropping of igneous rocks in the giant deposits lead to the proposal of syngenetic origin, but the giant mineral deposits are not stratabound (e.g. MVT, sandstone- and Sedex-type). They formed in a continental red basin with intense crust movement. The mineralization is controlled by structures and lithology and occurs in different strata, and no sedimentary nature and no exhalative sediments are identified in the deposits. The deposits show some relations with organic matter (now asphalt and petroleum) and evaporates (gypsum). The middle-low-temperature (mainly 110℃ to 280℃) mineralization took place at a depth of about 0.9 km to 3.1 km during the early     

浙西北淳安银山地区银铅锌矿床矿石结构构造、矿石成分及成矿机制

浙西北与同处钦杭成矿带东段的赣东北和皖南相比,由于其地质研究程度较低,在该区尚未能找到大型多金属矿床。近年来,随着地质勘查程度的不断提高,淳安地区银山一带发现中型以上银铅锌矿床。本文选取银山矿区钻井岩芯中富含银、铅、锌矿石样品,利用显微镜观察和电子探针分析等方法,对其中的银等多金属的矿石结构构造、矿石成分及成矿机制等进行了较深入的研究。研究表明,银山地区多金属(银、铅、锌)矿体主要分布在蓝田组上段与上覆皮园村组之间的接触带中,另有部分处于蓝田组层内岩性变化的界面以及蓝田组底部白云质灰岩和下伏南沱组含砾泥岩之间,均呈似层状展布。矿石呈自形-半自形粒状结构、他形粒状结构和交代残余结构以及块状构造、浸染状构造和网脉状构造。金属矿物组合主要分为黄铁矿-黄铜矿-方铅矿-闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿-毒砂-闪锌矿两组,其中前者位于蓝田组顶部和皮园村组之间,属于中低温热液型的矿物组合,后者位于蓝田组下部和南沱组之间,属于中温热液型的矿物组合。通过对不同金属矿物中银含量的对比分析,得出银山地区银元素主要赋存在方铅矿中。脉石矿物有石英、方解石、白云母、绿泥石、单斜辉石等,尤其在矿石中多见的细粒单斜辉石按其成分上的差异分为透辉石和钙铁辉石两类,指示了热液作用对成矿的显著影响。综上所述,笔者认为浙西北银山多金属矿床成因很可能为早期层控-后期中低温热液改造的叠生型矿床。其形成机制是:震旦纪时期海相火山喷流沉积使得部分多金属成层聚集,蓝田组地层为银山多金属矿床的形成提供了部分的物质来源,加里东期的变质变形作用及其发育的断裂构造也具有一定的控制作用;随后,大规模的燕山期花岗质岩浆及其流体组分沿断裂带上侵,不仅使得原有地层中的多金属元素进一步富集,而且其本身也可能带入部分多金属流体,从而使得富含多金属元素热液流体在具有地球化学障的岩性界面上富集成矿。此项研究对该地区及邻区进一步找矿勘探具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。     

豫西郁山铝土矿床沉积环境分析

豫西郁山铝土矿床是河南省新发现的一大型隐伏铝土矿,属华北地台G层铝土矿。以系统的中—深部钻探工作为基础,根据含铝岩系的岩性组合、沉积构造和地球化学特征,将郁山矿区内上石炭统一段分为2个相和4个微相。提出郁山铝土矿床含铝岩系形成于滨海泻湖潮坪环境,铝土矿主要赋存于豆鲕状(含砂砾屑)铝土矿微相中,为局限潮下带上部环境;认为郁山矿床含铝岩系经历了3期规模不断增大的突发海侵到缓慢海退的沉积环境演化旋回,并形成矿床的3个铝土矿层,最后一次大规模海侵—海退事件形成了区内最连续的铝土矿层(体)。通过研究,进一步完善了华北地台本溪组铝土矿成矿理论。