Correlation of T-log with E-log in coal-bearing formations

The profile of temperature gradient versus depth (T-log) has been found to be very useful for correlation with electrical resistivity log (E-log) in coal-bearing formations. A positive correlation between electrical resistivity and thermal resistivity is observed in coal sections whereas a negative correlation is found in sandstone/shale beds, thus helping in coal prospect evaluation. T logs have been used to correct the location of coal bed which had apparently been misinterpreted by the E-log. Hole to hole correlation of T-log and E-log is found to be excellent and it is observed that thermal resistivity characteristics of given formations remain fairly uniform. A rough estimation of coal grade is possible from the detailed study of the T-logs. Abrupt changes of temperature gradient as also its reversals have been observed in burnt coal sections.     

玉溪常里温泉成因探讨

常里温泉处于普渡河断裂与大密罗-马官屯断裂交汇带,地质构造条件特殊,地下水循环较复杂.温泉水温高、水质好、埋藏浅、易开采、交通方便等优势,具有较高的开发价值.温泉形成机理,补、径、排循环系统的研究,有助于科学、合理指导开发利用温泉资源.     

Chronological Study of Coal-seam Water and its Implication on Gas Production in the South Qinshui Basin

The knowledge of the residence time of formation water is fundamental to understanding the subsurface flow and hydrological setting. To better identify the origin and evolution of coal seam water and its impact on gas storage and production, this study collected coalbed methane co-produced water in the southeast Qinshui Basin and detected chemical and isotopic compositions, especially 36Cl and 129I concentrations. The calculated tracer ages of 129I (5.2–50.6 Ma) and 36Cl (0.13–0.76 Ma) are significantly younger than the age of coal-bearing formation (Pennsylvanian - Cisuralian), indicating freshwater recharge after coal deposition. The model that utilises 129I/I and 36Cl/Cl ratios to constrain the timing of recharge and the proportion of recharge water reveals that over 60% of pre-anthropogenic meteoric water entered coal seams since 10 Ma and mixed with residue initial deposition water, corresponding to the basin inversion in Cenozoic. The spatial distribution of major ion concentrations reveals the primary recharge pathway for meteoric water from coal outcrops at the eastern margin to the basin center. This study demonstrates the occurrence of higher gas production rates from wells that accept water recharge in recent times and suggests the possible potential of the non-stagnant zones for high gas production.     

GIS中多幅地图的缩放漫游及其数据组织

本文在分析现存GIS软件中处理多幅不同比例尺或相同比例尺地图的放缩漫游时的不足及其原因的基础上,提出了一种使用地理逻辑窗口动态裁剪快速而安全的多幅地图无级缩放和全区域自由漫游的方法,并对其数据组织和管理作了探讨。     

琼东南盆地华光凹陷天然气水合物稳定带厚度的影响因素

为了探讨琼东南盆地华光凹陷海底天然气水合物稳定带的分布规律,定量研究了静水压力、底水温度、地温梯度和气源组分对水合物稳定带的影响程度。在此基础上,分析了华光凹陷现今甲烷水合物稳定带的厚度分布。最后,综合各因素的历史演化过程,初步探讨了华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带的演化。结果表明:(1)气源组分和海底温度的变化对研究区内水合物稳定带的影响较大;水合物稳定带厚度与海底温度呈良好的线性负相关性。(2)水深超过600 m的海域具备形成天然气水合物的温压条件;超过600 m水深的海域水合物稳定带厚度大部分超过 100 m,其中西北部稳定带的最大厚度超过300 m,是有利的水合物勘探区。(3)华光凹陷1.05 Ma BP以来天然气水合物稳定带厚度经历了快速增厚–窄幅变化–快速减薄和恢复的过程。麻坑群与水合物稳定变化敏感区在空间上具有较好的叠合关系。结合前人的研究成果,推测其形成与天然气水合物的分解释放有关。     

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿成矿特征

舒哈迪铅锌多金属矿床赋存在发育于奥陶系中统多宝山组细碧岩、石英角斑岩岩系中的断裂构造蚀变带内,矿体呈脉状、透镜状,受舒哈迪背斜构造及其伴生的断裂构造控制,铅锌矿石成分简单,伴生有银和铜.围岩蚀变主要为黄铁矿化、硅化、绿泥石化、绿帘石化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化,具有不明显的分带性.成矿物质来源于奥陶系中统多宝山组变质岩系,成矿热液来源于隐伏的岩浆侵入体,矿床成因属于岩浆热液充填（脉）型铅锌多金属矿床,矿床形成时代为燕山早-中期.     

袁河流域强降水的天气背景与回波特征分析

为了更好地监测预警江西袁河流域强降水天气,使用江西雨量资料、欧洲中心格点（1°×1°）再分析资料和江西雷达回波等资料,对袁河流域5次大暴雨过程进行分析,结果表明：（1）袁河流域强降水天气形势场是925～700 hPa切变线、低层辐合高层辐散中心、西南气流达到12～18 m·s-1等因素影响;T-LnP图上整层水汽充沛,可降水量在75 mm以上;降水前低层累积不稳定能量CAPE（1000 J/Kg）和对流抑制能CIN（100 J/Kg）。（2）强降水回波的组合反射率CR在50 dBz左右,回波顶高在13 km左右,垂直积分液态水含量在12 kg·m2左右;40 dBz回波顶高在6～7 km,45 dBz回波顶高在6.5 km以下。（3）强降水和回波强度dBZ成正相关,随降水的增强,回波明显增强;当回波强度≤20 dBz时,雨强几乎不变;当回波强度在20～35 dBz之间,雨强随回波强度增加而缓慢加大;当回波强度在35～50 dBz之间,雨强随回波强度加大明显增加;而当回波强度≥50 dBz时,雨强反而趋于下降或维持。研究结果对袁河流域强降水的监测预警和预报服务有指导意义。     

录井校正新方法在东海盆地西湖凹陷的应用

录井检测受井场环境影响较大,主要包括钻井环境与检测环境,钻井环境包括井径、钻时、钻井液排量、是否取心等,检测环境主要是井场自然环境与检测器内部环境。一般情况下检测器内部环境基本一致,而井场自然环境在一定时间内变化不大,故而钻井环境对录井检测的影响较大,钻井环境校正是进行录井解释前的重要工作。常规Tg(全烃含量)校正方法在取心、低异常、多互层等层段使用效果较差,经过分析,将校正方法在取心、钻时、排量、基值方面进行优化,实践验证,新校正方法效果较好,适应了西湖凹陷的地质研究需求。     

Rock magnetic properties and palaeomagnetic results of sediments from a stone implement layer in the Bose Basin,Guangxi

Directional samples were taken to study rock magnetism and palaeomagnetic records from the Dong- sheng profile, which is 5 m thick and on the northwest edge of the Bose Basin. Mineralogy and rock magnetism of typical samples indicate that coarse granular titanomagnetite, and fine-grained hematite, superparamagnetic maghemite formed by pedogenesis are in the sediment, which has undergone many transformative processes during different stages of pedogenesis. Parallel samples were taken for thermal demagnetization (TH) (0 to 680℃) and alternating field (AF) demagnetization (0 to 80 mT) respectively. Experimental results of these two kinds of demagnetization illustrate that there are two or more magnetic components in the samples. Intensity of NRM decreases by almost 60% to 90% rapidly when the temperature ranges from 100℃ to 350℃, with a steady magnetic component. It is impossible to analyze the magnetic components at high temperature because those fluctuate widely when the temperature is higher than 400℃. Steady magnetic components from 100℃ to 350℃ indicate that the remanence was mainly carried by fine-grained hematite formed by pedogenesis, reflecting a change in the geomagnetic field while the magnetite was being oxidized into hematite by chemical weathering after deposition. The formative age of the sediments cannot be obtained by magnetic methods in this profile.     

数字滑坡技术及其典型应用

为了改变传统滑坡遥感技术方法效率低、调查精度难以提高的状况,经多年实践与探索,笔者于1999年提出了“数字滑坡”概念。该概念使传统的“地学滑坡”拓展为能以数字形式表达的,具有三维空间、“多维”时间信息的,由“多元”要素组成的“数字滑坡”。数字滑坡技术系统由滑坡解译基础技术、遥感识辨滑坡技术、滑坡数据库及滑坡模型4部分构成。多年来,数字滑坡技术已成功应用于我国大型水电站建设、山区交通线建设、区域开发环境治理以及抗震减灾等领域,也用于大规模个体滑坡调查研究,并取得了显著的经济和社会效益,有效服务于国家防灾减灾战略。该文主要以西藏帕里河及川东天台乡2个典型滑坡调查为例,阐述数字滑坡技术的创新应用。