太白山土壤特性及氧化铁发生学特征

随海拔的降低,秦岭北坡中山区森林土壤因温度、降水和植被类型的变化存在很大差异:高海拔地区发育的酸性湿润雏形土酸度较高,有机质含量十分丰富;与之相比,低海拔地区发育的简育湿润淋溶土有机质含量下降,但结构复杂,土壤具有粘化层。较高的有机质含量和特殊的有机质组成促进了纯针叶林土壤中硅酸盐矿物的溶解,释放出氧化铁并使之螯迁至土壤B层富集。环境因素决定了土壤酸度、有机质等特性,也影响土壤氧化铁的组成和分布。土壤粘粒含量与土体游离氧化铁含量显著相关,剖面铁的游离度与氧化铁全量无关,只与土壤发育程度有关。太白山北坡中山区土壤处于脱盐基富硅铝化的风化发育阶段     

胶菜盆地北缘遥感信息提取及解译分析

胶菜盆地北缘是发育层间滑动角砾岩型金矿的有利部位，盆地边缘新老地层的不整合接触带与断层的发育是形成金矿的有利条件。通过遥感手段可以将盆地北缘及附近构造解译出来；局部地区的特征信息提取可以有效地区分岩性、提取第四第覆盖下的地层与隐伏构造信息，有利于成矿分析和成矿远景预测区的圈定。     

藏北高原双湖地区中侏罗统海相油页岩生物标志化合物分布特征及其意义

重点报道了藏北双湖地区中侏罗统海相油页岩的生物标志化合物特征,首次在该层位油页岩中检出丰富的正烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、萜类化合物及甾类化合物。正烷烃图谱呈单峰形,nC₁₅、nC₁₆或nC₁₇为主峰碳,轻烃组份占有绝对优势,OEP值 0.93～ 1.0 1,无明显的奇偶碳数优势分布;Pr/Ph值为 0.77～ 1.5 9,在剖面序列中呈波动分布,显示弱植烷优势或姥鲛烷优势;藿烷以C₃₀ 占优势,萜烷相对丰度五环三萜烷 >三环萜烷 >四环萜烷;规则甾烷∑ (C₂₇+C₂₈) >∑C₂₉,∑C₂₇/∑C₂₉值为 0.79～ 1.2 0,在剖面序列中下部C₂₇甾烷略占优势,上部C₂₉甾烷略占优势,重排甾烷C₂₇/规则甾烷C₂₇值为 0.5 1～ 3.6 3,在剖面序列中具有显著的波动性,同时检出了少量孕甾烷和 4-甲基甾烷。有机质母质构成中,既有丰富的藻类等低等水生生物,可能还有一定比例陆生高等植物输入混合的特点。油页岩处于成熟阶段,整个油页岩剖面序列具有一致的热演化程度。剖面中部油页岩具有极高的原始生产力,氧化-还原条件也是控制油页岩TOC和沥青“A”含量在剖面垂向变化的重要因素.     

新疆北部区域地球化学异常特征

对新疆北部区域地球化学基本特征－元素的丰度值、变化系数、元素在地层及侵入岩中的分布规律、元素共生组合、区域地球化学异常特征的研究，阐明了新疆北部区域上，不同时代地层及岩浆岩中元素及地球化学异常的变化规律。     

桂北—湘南中生代玄武质岩石及其深源包体的地球化学性质和岩石成因探讨

桂北-湘南中生代玄武质岩石中含有丰富的深源包体，它们分别为橄榄岩、变形的辉长岩和中酸性片麻岩三大类，本文在论述上述岩石地球化学性质的基础上，探讨了它们之间的成因关系；寄主的中生代玄武质岩石为地幔楣榄岩部分熔融的产物，与辉长岩和中酸性片麻岩并无成因联系，后者属偶然包体，值得注意的是，深源包体中的变形辉长岩与片麻岩之间为分离结晶的成因关系，它们均为元古宙壳、幔间底侵玄武质岩浆的演化产物，其中辉长岩为底侵岩浆的堆积相，而片麻岩则为底侵岩浆经历分离结晶的堆积作用之后所剩下的残余岩浆的变质产物。     

An abrupt cooling event early in the last interglacial in the northern South China Sea

The high-resolution quantitative analysis of the planktonic foraminifera and the δ¹⁸O records of the section between 96.49– 137.6 mcd at ODP Site 1144 on the continental slope of northern South China Sea reveals an abrupt cooling event of sea surface temperature (SST) during the last interglacial (MIS 5.5, i.e. 5e). The dropping range of the winter SST may come to 7.5°C corresponding to 1.2‰ of the δ¹⁸O value of sea surface water. This event is comparable with those discovered in the west Europe and the northern Atlantic Ocean, but expressed in a more intensive way. It is inferred that this event may have been induced by middle- to low-latitude processes rather than by polar ice sheet change. Since the Kuroshio-index speciesPulleniatina obliquiloculata displayed the most distinct change at the event, it may also be related to the paleoceanographic change of the low-latitude area in the western Pacific Ocean. This event can be considered as one of “Younger Dryas-style coolings” and is indicative of climate variability of the last interglacial stage.     

Estimating groundwater recharge rates in the southeastern Holstein region, northern Germany

In the southeastern Holstein region, located to the east of the metropolitan zone of Hamburg, northern Germany, a groundwater investigation program was conducted from 1984 to 2000 by the State Agency for Nature and Environment (Landesamt für Natur und Umwelt, LANU) of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, with the aim of providing long-term, ecologically acceptable groundwater management plans for the region. The focal point of the investigation comprised the determination of groundwater recharge rates. The investigation method was based on the transfer of available lysimeter results from other regions to comparable regions within the area studied. With the help of lysimeter equations, potential amounts of percolation water were calculated. The groundwater recharge rate was then determined after subtraction of the surface runoff which was calculated for the entire area. All computations were performed with a spreadsheet program. Groundwater recharge rates were calculated for two areas. One consisted of roughly determining groundwater recharge rates for the total region (1,392 km²) of southeastern Holstein. The overall goal of these investigations was to identify potential areas of water exploitation. Areas in which groundwater recharge rates are high and groundwater outflow is low are particularly suited to water exploitation, since inflow rates into deeper aquifers are high. These areas are located on the flanks of the Elbe and Stecknitz River valleys. Subsurface groundwater runoff to these lowlands would be reduced through groundwater withdrawal. However, the resulting decline in shallow groundwater tables would be so small that it would have no detrimental ecological effects. Groundwater recharge rates were also calculated for a 110-km² area in the outskirts of Hamburg (Grosshansdorf model area) which is intensively developed for water supply. These investigations showed that the amount of groundwater recharge is already being withdrawn to a large extent. Approximately 65% of the recharge rate is currently withdrawn by the waterworks in this area, thus making further increases in exploitation rates unjustifiable from an ecological point of view. Electronic Publication     

晋北及其附近地区ML≥5.0地震的震兆——地震空区

５０ｋｍ范围内２级以上地震年频数的空间扫描图，揭示了１９７０年以来晋北及其附近地区５级以上地震发生前，震中附近地区出现的地震空区，文中展示了从１９７０－１９９５年每年的空间扫描图，供分析对比。     

北秦岭官坡地区高压—超高压榴辉岩岩相学及变质作用研究

北秦岭官坡地区的榴辉岩及含柯石英榴辉岩产在帮岭岩群的北侧，主要由绿辉石和石榴石组成，部分石榴石和绿辉石中含柯石英包体。此外还含有退变质的多硅白云母、角闪石、黝帘石和纳长石等矿物，根据变质矿物之间的替代关系及共生组合规律，榴辉岩退变质作用可划分为四个阶段，各阶段代表性矿物组合依次为：柯石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；多硅白云母＋绿辉石＋石榴石＋石英；角闪石＋斜长石＋白云母＋黑云母。这四个     

冀北水泉沟偏碱性杂岩体中云辉闪长岩的发现及其地质意义

作者在冀北水泉沟偏碱性杂岩体中发现了一种钙碱性岩石──云辉闪长岩。根据其矿物组成，可能为一种新的岩石类型。该岩石由黑云母（约占１５％）、普通辉石（约占１５％）、更一中长石（约占６５％）、钾长石（约占５％）以及其它一些副矿物（＜１％）组成。与水泉沟杂岩体的其它岩类相比，该岩石以相对高含量的ＬＲＥＥ、高场强元素和Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｃａ等元素以及相对低的ＳｉＯ＿２、Ｋ＿２Ｏ＋Ｎａ＿２Ｏ和Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３为特征。