苏北盆地XH1钻孔中更新世以来的彩度指标记录及其气候环境变化

苏北盆地是我国西部内陆与东部海洋之间的过渡地区,该地区的气候演变历史对揭示东亚季风的时空变化有着重要意义。对苏北盆地XH1钻孔中更新世以来沉积物的彩度指标Ca*b*的研究表明,Ca*b*对降水的变化反应敏感,可以用来指示东亚夏季风强度和气候暖湿程度的变化。结合磁化率、有机碳和孢粉指标,揭示苏北盆地中更新世以来经历了9个明显的气候冷暖干湿变化旋回,并且可以和深海氧同位素记录、黄土记录进行良好的对比,同时在某些阶段和长期演变趋势上又具有鲜明的区域特征。总体上,从中更新世中期开始苏北盆地变得越来越冷干,气候冷暖波动幅度增大,最后4个冰期旋回尤为醒目。     

The characteristics of near-surface velocity during the upwelling season on the northern Portugal shelf

Observations made on the northern Portugal mid-shelf between May 13 and June 15,2002 were used to characterise the near-surface velocity during one upwelling season. It was found that in the surface mixed layer,the 'tidal current' was diurnal,but the tidal elevation was semi-diurnal. Both the residual current and the major axes of all tidal constituents were nearly perpendicular to the isobaths and the tidal current ellipses rotated clockwise;the major axis of the major tidal ellipse was about 3 cm s-1. The extremely strong diurnal current in the surface layer was probably due to diurnal heating,cooling,and wind mixing that induced diurnal oscillations,including the diurnal oscillation of wind stress. This is a case different from the results measured in the other layers in this area. The near-inertial spectral peaks occurred with periods ranging from 1 047 min to 1 170 min,the longest periods being observed in deeper layers,and the shortest in the surface layer. Weak inertial events appeared during strong upwelling events,while strong inertial events appeared during downwelling or weak subinertial events. The near-inertial currents were out of phase between 5 m and 35 m layers for almost the entire measurement period,but such relationship was very weak during periods of irregular weak wind. Strong persistent southerly wind blew from May 12 to 17 and forced a significant water transport onshore and established a strong barotropic poleward jet with a surface speed exceeding 20 cm s-1. The subinertial current was related to wind variation,especially in the middle layers of 15 m and 35 m,the maximum correlation between alongshore current and alongshore wind was about 0.5 at the 5 m layer and 0.8 at the 35 m layer. The alongshore current reacted more rapidly than the cross-shore current. The strongest correlation was found at a time lag of 20 h in the upper layer and of 30 h in the deeper layer. The wind-driven surface velocity obtained from the PWP model had maximum amplitude of about 7 cm s-1,corresponding to a wind stress at 0.1 Pa,and the horizontal velocity shear due to thermal wind balance had the order of 3 cm s-1. So the local wind and thermal wind would only explain a part of the strong surface velocity variations.     

我国北方地区夏季极端热应激事件的年际变化特征及影响因子

基于热应激指数,利用1961-2016年全国1814个气象站的日平均气温和相对湿度资料以及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了我国北方地区极端热应激年际变化特征及可能影响因子.结果 表明,北方地区极端热应激事件的年际变化在1990年左右发生了年代际转折,1990年之前极端热应激事件频次的年际变化相对较小,其年际变化主要...     

扬子板块北缘马元铅锌矿床有机地球化学特征及成矿作用

近年来,有机质与金属成矿关系研究备受关注.扬子板块北缘马元矿床铅锌矿体分布与古油藏、沥青在空间上叠置,是探索有机质与铅锌成矿关系的理想地区.矿区发育分散有机质、沥青、气态烃类等不同赋存形式的有机质,生物标志化合物特征明显,以低碳数正构烷烃为主,具浅海环境藻类来源特征,均处于过成熟演化程度.沥青206Pb/204Pb值为...     

退耕还林(草)背景下中国北方农牧交错带土地利用及碳储量变化

为明析退耕还林(草)背景下生态环境较为脆弱的北方农牧交错带土地利用及碳储量变化,基于该区2000、2010、2018年土地利用数据,通过动态度、土地转移矩阵,景观指数等指标从土地利用变化的数量、速率以及空间格局特征加以分析,同时基于In VEST模型定量估算了该区近20年来的碳储量变化.结果表明:(1)北方农牧交错带土...     

Combination Features, Paleobiogeographic Affinity and Mass Extinction of the Latest Ordovician （Hirnantian） Rugosan Fauna from Northern Guizhou, China

The rugosan fauna from the Guanyinqiao Bed （latest Ordovician, Hirnantian） of northern Guizhou, China is known to belong to the cold or cool-water type corals. The components of the fauna are solitary corals only, and corallite septa are generally strongly dilated, especially the streptelasmatid corals are dominant comprising 98% of the whole fauna. The Guanyinqiao Bed is rich in rugosans of 18 genera, which are streptelasnmtid Streptelasma （=Helicelasma）, Brachyelasma, Amplexobrachyelasma, Salvadorea, Grewingkia, Borelasma, CrassUasma, Leolasma, KenophyUum, UUernelasma, Paramplexoides, Siphonolasma, Pycnactoides, Dalmanophyllum, Bodophyllum, Axiphoria, Lambeophyllum and cystiphyllid Sinkiangolasma. Although this fauna was fairly abundant in a confined area （northern-northeastern Guizhou, southern Sichuan） during the Hirnantian age, the rugosan mass extinction （generic extinction rate 81%） happened at the end of the Hirnantian Stage. It is conduded that the mass extinction is related to the ending of maximum glaciation and ice cap melting in Gondwana in the southern hemisphere in the latest Hirnantian, resulting in rapid global sea-level rise in the earliest Silurian. In the Upper Yangtze Basin, the sea bottom environments were replaced by anoxic and warmer water during that time, so that the cool-water type rugosan became extinct. The present paper attempts to revise some already described rugose coral genera and species （He, 1978, 1985） and to supplement a few new forms from the Guanyinqiao Bed. Fourteen species of 12 genera are re-described and illustrated, of which one species- Grewingkia latifossulata is new. As a whole, the rugosan fauna of the Guanyinqiao Bed may be correlated with those contemporaneous of North Europe, Estonia and North America, indicating a dose biogeographic affinity to North Europe.     

川北广元须家河组一段沉积相与沉积环境演化分析

四川盆地北部三叠系—侏罗纪发育,出露良好,是三叠纪—侏罗纪转换时期古气候与古环境变化的良好物质记录.其中,晚三叠世诺利期是四川盆地海陆转换的重要过渡期,尤其是对陆地生态系统的影响更加显著.以川北广元剖面为研究对象,对晚三叠世诺利期末须家河组须一段进行沉积相及沉积环境演化的分析,结果表明:研究剖面发育潟湖沼泽—三角洲平原...     

辽东湾北部潜山走滑转换带特征及其对规模性储层的控制

潜山走滑转换带在渤海海域发育较为广泛,但其发育特征及控储作用研究薄弱。利用钻井、测井、三维地震等各类资料,对辽东湾北部地区构造转换带发育特征、成因机制及其对潜山规模型储层控制作用进行分析。研究认为,燕山末期左旋走滑背景下,辽东湾北部潜山发育多种类型转换带;根据走滑断层的相互作用以及转换带的形态,可以将辽东湾北部潜山转换带分为单支弯曲型和双支叠覆型两种类型;根据局部应力状态可以进一步细分为单支反“S”型、单支“S”型、双支左旋右阶以及双支左旋左阶转换带4个亚类,其中单支反“S”型和双支左旋右阶型转换带属增压型转换带,单支“S”型和双支左旋左阶型转换带属释压型走滑转换带。增压型走滑转换带提供的压扭性动力破碎作用使得潜山发育大规模裂缝型储集层,是潜山规模型储层发育的关键。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗地区下石盒子组多物源体系:来自矿物学及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的证据

鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界砂岩碎屑组分、岩屑类型和重矿物组合具有明显的东西分带性,但是其物源来源及差异性尚不明确.利用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗地区下石盒子组碎屑锆石年龄分布及变化特征进行了研究,明确了不同年龄组分碎屑锆石的来源,并分析了不同物源体系及差异性.结果表明:不同地区下石...     

ECMWF细网格模式降水产品在北疆暴雪中的应用检验

2012年4月,ECMWF细网格（0.25o×0.25o）数值预报产品投入新疆天气预报业务化应用。本文通过对ECMWF细网格模式LSP大尺度降水预报产品在2012年前冬3场暴雪天气中的预报效果分析检验得出：LSP预报的暴雪量值总体偏小,提前1 d较提前2 d的预报效果有所改善,较早时次的预报结果也有一定的应用价值;暴雪预报的开始时间偏早3h左右,结束时间相对准确;LSP累计降水量级检验提前2 d和分级降水检验提前12 h的暴雪预报准确率较高,空报率较低。在观测站点相对密集的成片暴雪天气中,LSP预报的暴雪落区和量级较为准确,零散暴雪点的预报效果相对较差。检验分析结果可为ECMWF细网格降水预报产品的释用提供一定的参考,为业务人员制作北疆暴雪天气的定点、定时、定量预报提供一定依据。