Sedimentology, stratigraphy, and glacier dynamics, western Scottish Highlands

Glacial sediments of the western Scottish Highlands are comprehensively described and characterized here for the first time, enabling the first glacial stratigraphy for the area to be proposed. This classification is based on the results of extensive geological mapping and field investigation of sedimentary sequences and their structures, X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution analyses, and comparison with deposits formed in contemporary glaciated environments. These new data are subsequently appraised in terms of their implications for late Pleistocene glacier evolution and dynamics. Together, the data suggest that much of the landscape is palimpsest, and can be attributed to the Weichselian (Late Devensian) glaciation. Subsequent glacier advance during the Younger Dryas did little to modify the area, suggesting that ice flow was dominated by sliding on a meltwater-lubricated rigid bed, with deformation of basal sediments playing a more limited role. Final deglaciation was marked by a significant increase in basal meltwater flux, reflecting the warming climate and increasing precipitation. These new palaeoglaciological and palaeoenvironmental insights advance our understanding of former glacier dynamics in the western Scottish Highlands, improve our knowledge of Pleistocene landscape evolution of this area, and enable comparisons to be made with sedimentary sequences elsewhere.     

遥感构造解译在滇东北地区成矿预测中的半定量应用

在滇东北地区遥感构造规模的定性判定及方位分类基础上,利用GIS中的空间分析功能,对已知铅锌多金属矿产的空间关系进行定量分析,得出不同级别构造对成矿作用的影响程度,并以因子得分形式表达不同方位构造对成矿作用的贡献值,结合其它资料和方法的应用,为该区遥感成矿预测提出半定量预测结果.     

再议青藏高原东北边缘及毗邻地区人工防雹消雹工作的意义

从青藏高原东北边缘及毗邻地区特殊的地域、气候背景和该地域降雹的特点出发,结合目前国内外冰雹研究的现状和趋势,阐述了在该地域加强冰雹和冰雹云研究的必要性,指出了在当地从事本项研究的注重问题和研究方向。     

The Geography of Religious Affiliation in Scotland

Academic study of the relationships between geography and religion constitutes a long‐established subfield of cultural geography. The tradition is particularly strong in the United States where the seminal work of the Berkeley School stimulated a wealth of research on mapping the religious landscapes of North America. Religion has received far less attention within British human geography, due, in part, to the marginal position of religion within cultural geography and, in particular, to the absence of reliable, comprehensive data on religious affiliation. The present research overcomes these ideological and methodological obstacles to advance knowledge of the geography of religion in the United Kingdom. Employing data from the latest Census of Population, embedded within an established tradition of mapping geographies of religion, the research provides detailed analysis of the geography of religious affiliation in Scotland at the advent of the twenty‐first century.     

郑州东北郊污水灌区重金属元素对土壤的污染

根据郑州市东北郊不同污水灌区、不同深度的土壤采样分析结果,计算了重金属元素在土壤中的概率分布类型及环境背景值,论述了重金属元素对土壤的污染特点及其对农作物生长的影响,并指出了汞污染土壤的普遍性和对粮食及蔬菜质量所造成的危害。     

中国东北地区主要地体古地磁学研究

东北地区由多个地体组成,其运动特征与邻区西伯利亚和华北等板块具有明显差异,有其独特的演化历史。古地磁资料支持将其划为独立构造单元,称之为东北地体群。古地磁资料表明,东北主要地体古生代处在南纬低纬度地区,中生代诸地体共同快速北移,其纬向运移的平均速度约为３．８ｃｍ／ａ。于白垩纪中期就位于现今位置。     

湘东北中生代基性岩脉岩石地球化学特征

湘东北基性岩脉以 K2 O/ Na2 O<1,K2 O+Na2 O在 3.0 3～ 5 .5 7之间为特征 ,属陆内拉斑玄武岩系列 ,部分煌斑岩属于碱性系列。岩石富 L REE,δEu负异常不明显 ,其形成主要受软流圈地幔部分熔融作用制约。岩石微量元素总体上具有富集地幔 (EMII型 )洋岛玄武岩 (OIB)特征 ,富集 Nd,P,Cs,而 K,Rb,Sr,U,Th等富集程度不明显 ,Ta,Nb略有富集。湘东北的北部地区基性岩脉虽表现出 Ta,Nb,Ti亏损 ,但 L IL E并不富集 ,可能反映地壳混染程度的增强 ,基性岩脉的特质组成与湘东南玄武岩类岩石基本一致。推测两者应具有同一个地幔源区。依据侵入关系和区域对比 ,认为湘东北基性岩脉的形成是早白垩世以后晚燕山期岩石圈拉张 -减薄作用产物 ,湘东北基性岩脉所处的构造环境应属于整个湘东南岩石圈伸展 -减薄带的一部分。     

东北平原西部沙地沙质荒漠化的遥感监测研究

东北平原西部沙地位于欧亚大陆中纬度巨型沙带的东部边缘，为我国沙质荒漠化土地的东缘，沙质荒漠化景观日益明显，前景令人勘忧。本文利用TM数据分析了区域荒漠化观特征与土地荒漠化的特征，从机理上认识了区域上的土地荒漠化发生过程；在此基础上以目前生态系统没有产生明显退化的生态状况作为基准，采用相对基准的办法，利用ONOAA／AVHRR数据，确定了植被指数荒漠化监测指标；对荒漠化的动态变化及驱动因子进行了分析。研究认为区域荒漠化监测应当以全球常用多种分辨率的遥感数据为基础，在认识荒化发生机理之后进行监测与评估，在资料获取、分类分级和荒漠化监测的技术路线全球应有一个相对统一的标准，使评价的结果具有可比性。东北平原西部沙地的景观特征、沙质荒漠化程度、沙质荒漠化发展方式等具有明显的区域差异，二十世纪90年代沙质荒漠化发展速度很快，但区域差异很大，这种区域差异与人口增长、滥垦和滥樵具有很强的一致性。     

Current tectonic deformation and seismogenic characteristics along the northeast margin of Qinghai -Xizang block

Introduction The northeast margin of Qinghai-Xizang block has become the place with close attentions from geo-specialists at home and abroad for its significant tectonic movement and intensive seismicity. Quite a number of achievements have been obtained from the studies on geological structures and strong earthquake activities (DING, LU, 1989, 1991; GUO, et al, 1992, 2000; GUO, XIANG, 1993; HOU, et al, 1999; Tapponnier, et al, 1990; Gaudemer, et al, 1995). In the Development Program…