东北冷涡中尺度云系降水机制研究 I: 观测分析

利用机载云粒子测量系统等仪器对2003年7月8日冷涡云系的积层混合云探测的资料,分析冷涡云系中的微物理结构、微物理过程和降水形成机制.结果表明:在4km以上高度,2-DC粒子浓度随高度快速增加,而粒子平均直径逐渐减小,粒子在下落过程中获得了增长.积层混合云中对流云在垂直方向上出现明显的分层的微物理结构:4.6km以上高度只存在针状冰晶;4.5～3.5 km高度,存在过冷水和冰相粒子.过冷水含量较高,冰相粒子除针状冰晶外,还有少量冰雪晶聚合体或霰粒子,其中在紧靠0℃层之上的3.5km高度,主要存在冰雪晶聚合体或霰粒子.在紧靠0℃层之下,粒子为椭球形,还有一些未完全融化的冰晶,再降低200 m高度,粒子完全是球形,这里完全是雨滴.降水粒子主要是雨水.云系液态水含量十分丰富,过冷水含量最大值可达3.3 g/m3,云体上部也达到2.0 g/m3.云垂直方向上微物理结构分析表明,云中冰晶除了通过冰核核化形成外,可能还存在冰晶的繁生过程.冰晶产生后通过聚并进一步长大,撞冻过冷水也是冰雪晶增长的方式之一.在云的暖区降水粒子为雨滴,其中至少有一部分是由冰相粒子(冰晶聚合体或霰粒子)融化形成.因此冷云过程参与了降水形成过程.     

2011年初夏我国长江中下游降水的气候特征及成因

文章主要分析了2011年初夏长江中下游降水的气候特征及其成因。结果表明：2011年5月长江中下游降水异常偏少,6月转为异常偏多,出现了明显的旱涝转换。长江中下游地区的旱涝转换主要受南海季风、东亚季风强度以及西太平洋副热带高压（副高）的异常快速北跳的影响。研究还发现,6月亚洲中高纬长期维持两槽一脊的环流形势,东北冷涡活动频繁,多次引导冷空气南下。同时,副高异常偏北、偏西,并出现多次西伸过程。由于冷涡的加强南压与西伸的副高相互作用,促使长江以南地区西南气流明显增强,使得冷暖空气在长江中下游地区交汇,最终导致该地降水偏多。     

东北地区冬季气温与北极涛动年代际关系研究

利用中国160站气温资料、北极涛动指数资料及关国NCEP／NCAR再分析资料中月平均海平面气压场、高度场、风场资料，分析了东北地区冬季气温、冬季北极涛动的年代际特征及其关系。结果表明：在年代际时间尺度上，两者之间存在显著正相关。冬季北极涛动处于低（高）指数期，东北冬季气温为持续冷冬（暖冬）期。可能影响机制是：在地面，冬季北极涛动处于低（高）指数期时，西伯利亚高压增强（减弱），亚洲大陆偏北冬季风增强（减弱），东北为持续冷冬（暖冬）期；在对流层中层，冬季北极涛动处于低（高）指数期时，东亚大槽加深（减弱），贝加尔湖以西以北脊增强（减弱），环流呈经向（纬向）型发展，东北对流层中层偏北风增强（减弱），东北为持续冷冬（暖冬）期。     

2008年T213与德国降水数值预报产品对比检验

为了解各种数值预报的误差特点,更好地在预报过程中选择数值预报产品作为参考依据,将中国国家气象中心的T213降水预报与德国降水预报分别进行晴雨预报检验,对2008年5—8月东北地区降水资料进行对比分析。结果表明：两种模式24-120h预报正确率为60％-70％,随着预报时效的增加,正确率呈下降趋势,德国降水预报的正确率高于T213,两种预报漏报率均明显小于空报率,T213漏报率较低,为5％左右,德国降水预报空报率较低,为20％左右。对2008年4-6月出现东北冷涡过程的两种模式降水预报进行对比分析,发现德国降水预报正确率明显高于T213预报,对冷涡降水预报有一定的指示意义。     

敏感性分析在烃源岩成熟度史模拟中的应用——以川东北地区普光5井古生界海相烃源岩为例

通过分析输人模型的参数对输出结果的影响,可以确定影响烃源岩成熟度史模拟的敏感性参数.本文应用Easy% Ro化学动力学模型,以普光5井为例,对川东北地区各期构造运动剥蚀厚度、古地表温度和古地温梯度进行了相关的敏感性分析.分析结果表明:研究区下寒武统、下志留统、下二叠统和上二叠统烃源岩现今成熟度状态完全受控于燕山运动晚幕...     

大连港在建设东北亚国际航运中心中的作用

从国际航运中心发展来看，港口是航运中心建设的基础。我国提出：“充分利用东北地区现有港口条件和优势，把大连建设成东北亚重要的国际航运中心”，根据振兴东北老工业基地对大连港今后发展的要求，探讨了今后发展的指导思想、发展目标、基础设施和港口建设布局，并提出了对策和相应措施。     

COUNTER-URBANIZATION IN SOCIETAL CONTEXT: LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION TO THE HIGHLANDS AND ISLANDS OF SCOTLAND*

Recent growth in long-distance migration by non-Scots to remote parts of the Scottish Highlands is evaluated in relation to key explanatory themes in counter-urbanization literature: rural-urban convergence, expansion of the affluent middle class, and changing residential preferences. A survey of in-migrants' motivations and livelihood adjustments reveals the primacy of quality of life considerations and a ‘satisficing’ approach to work, lifestyle and residential location. It is concluded that peripheral area counter-urbanization could be maintained without the context of societal affluence that spawned the movement in the 1960s.     

Domesticating home anchored work: Negotiating flexibility when bringing ICT based work home in rural communities

Based on a study of people conducting ICT based work from home in Scotland and Norway, the article analyses how work is negotiated and integrated with non-paid activities in the household and local community. The article fills a gap in that it focuses on rural contexts rather than the urban work life often depicted in literature on flexibility and work. When work is brought home, a domestication process takes place whereby practices of work are negotiated and integrated into everyday life, sometimes changing common perceptions of where and when work is “in” or “out of place”. While working from home is common in rural areas, the study shows that ICT based knowledge related work is still seen as relatively “out of place”. Drawing on the domestication concept, the study shows how community norms about accessibility, interaction and where to be at certain times, had to be renegotiated when this type of work was conducted from home. Imbued in these negotiations were subtly often tacitly communicated moral conceptions on what constitutes good parenthood (in particular motherhood) as well as “real” work. Both men and women reported benefits in terms of combining family and work obligations when working from home, but the tendency was still for traditional gender patterns to be reproduced. Women tended to fit work around the needs of the children, whereas men saw themselves first and foremost workers. Following the concept “doing gender” some challenged these patterns, but did so carefully in relation to the work organisation as well as the community. The impact of communities in regulating home anchored work suggests there may be a need for communities to take on a more active domestication process as more people conduct ICT based work with the home as the base, opening up the moral and normative geographies for when work is “in” or “out of place”.     

赣东北“金三角区”成矿带的划分及成矿模式

在对赣东北"金三角区"成矿带划分的基础上,分析总结了各重点成矿带的成矿模式.由于区内不同构造单元基底性质、深部构造和壳幔结构方面的差异,产生各地质单元中不同的矿床集结,如东乡-德兴成矿带以Cu,Au矿床为主,Pb,Zn,Ag矿床为次;信江南侧成矿带以Cu,Pb,Zn,Ag多金属矿床产出为主,Au矿床次之;而灵山-怀玉山成矿带则以Nb,Ta等稀有金属矿床为特点,其次为Pb,Zn,W,Sn等矿床.     

东北地区资源型城市经济转型发展波动特征与影响因素——基于面板数据模型的分析

借助H-P滤波和面板数据回归模型分析2000~2014年东北资源型城市转型以来经济发展的趋势特征和影响因素。结果表明：① 东北资源型城市经济总量保持上升趋势,但存在明显的周期性波动,与国家振兴老工业基地政策和城市产业结构调整历程相吻合;② 第三产业发展和市场化进程对经济增长的促进作用逐渐增强,而技术进步、对外开放程度等因素作用强度仍然较弱;③ 东北资源型城市转型发展可划分为试验阶段、全面启动阶段和深化阶段,经济转型深化过程中应加强实践探索,激励体制机制创新,构建有利于衡量测度的指标体系。