赣南淘锡坑石英脉型钨矿床成矿机制探讨:来自流体包裹体的证据

赣南地区淘锡坑钨矿床是典型的大型石英脉型钨锡多金属矿床。矿体赋存于震旦系浅变质砂(板)岩,并延伸至深部花岗岩内,按空间产出位置分为内带矿体和外带矿体,包括宝山、西山、烂埂子、枫岭坑4大脉组,矿体产出各不相同,矿物组合也具有明显分带特征。在详细的岩相学研究基础上,文章选择淘锡坑主成矿期石英为研究对象,并与共生黑钨矿作对比,从空间角度开展不同脉组、不同矿体或中段的流体包裹体的对比研究。根据流体包裹体岩相学,石英包裹体类型有H_2O-NaCl型包裹体(Ⅰ型)、H_2O-NaCl-CO_2型包裹体(Ⅱ型)和纯CO_2体系裹体(Ⅲ型)及少量含石盐子晶的多相包裹体,并同时捕获贫CO_2的盐水溶液包裹体和纯CO-2气相包裹体。包裹体显微测温结果显示:内、外带石英脉气液两相的包裹体均具有较宽温度和盐度范围,外带均一温度和盐度w(NaCl_(eq))分别集中于200～220℃、1%～6%,内带均一温度和盐度w(NaCleq)分别集中于100～220℃、3%～7%,流体为中-低盐度、富含CO_2的H_2O-CO_2-NaCl体系,不同脉组不同矿脉之间对比结果均显示出多期成矿的特征。在矿脉形成过程中,流体的成分和温度在内外接触带有明显变化,表明岩体与围岩接触界面是造成淘锡坑矿床内带矿体和外带矿体的成矿条件改变的转折位置,成矿流体在此附近发生CO_2逸失引起相分离的不混溶作用是成矿的主要因素。     

赣南狮吼山硫铁-钨多金属矿床H-O-S同位素组成特征

狮吼山硫铁-钨多金属矿床位于银坑-青塘整装勘查区北部,是赣南地区唯一大型硫铁矿床。磁黄铁矿-黄铁矿(-黄铜矿-白钨矿)矿体赋存于石炭系梓山组上段地层中含铁、含钙层位,主要形成于石英-硫化物阶段。本文通过分析原生矿石矿物中H-O-S同位素组成特征,结合Pb同位素和成矿年代测试结果,探讨成矿流体来源及成矿演化过程。矿石硫化物中δ~(34)S组成特征(-5. 50‰～-0. 20‰,集中于-3. 0‰～0. 0‰)显示,硫源以岩浆硫为主,较宽的变化范围预示成矿流体遭受了叠加和改造作用。δD-δ~(18)O同位素组成主要集中于岩浆水与变质水重叠区域(δD=-74. 4‰～-48. 0‰,δ~(18)O_(H_2O)=3. 76‰～10. 86‰),说明成矿流体以岩浆水和变质水为主,后期有少量的天水混入。综合分析认为,该矿床成矿流体主要来自深部岩浆水,岩浆热液与含钙地层的接触交代作用形成大规模变质流体,再加上少量的天水混入,流体间的不混溶作用使成矿物质在岩体与含钙层位接触部位富集沉淀,形成热液充填交代型矿床。     

粤东鸿沟山金矿区流纹斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年、Lu-Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

鸿沟山矿区位于华南粤东莲花山钨矿床的中部,是近年来通过地质矿产调查新发现具有找寻金矿潜力的矿床之一。本文以与鸿沟山金等多金属矿化关系密切的流纹斑岩为研究对象,开展了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年、流纹斑岩和矿石岩石地球化学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成特征研究。获得流纹斑岩锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为169.1±1.5Ma,说明岩体形成于中侏罗世。在微量元素特征方面,流纹斑岩都表现为相对亏损大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr和高强场元素Nb、P、Zr、Hf,富集大离子亲石元素Rb,高强场元素U、Ce、Sm和轻稀土元素La、Nd,流纹斑岩与矿石稀土元素特征基本相似,Eu具中等负异常,但随着矿化强度的增强稀土元素更加富集。流纹斑岩εHf(t)(-15.0~2.2)分布范围宽,二阶段模式年龄TDM2主要变化范围为0.82~0.93 Ga,表明成岩物质主要来源于新元古代古老地壳变质泥岩和变质砂岩部分熔融,并有幔源物质的加入。因此,围绕着该时间段的流纹斑岩岩体,对于找寻W、Cu、Pb、Zn、Bi、Au、稀土、稀有和稀散元素矿产具有重要意义。     

阿尔金南缘金鸿山-俄博梁地区石墨矿化特征及找矿前景分析

素有"黑金子"称谓的石墨,是传统工业和战略性新兴产业必须的矿物原料。文章以阿尔金南缘金鸿山—俄博梁地区的晶质石墨矿床为研究对象,通过成矿地质条件、控矿因素研究,分析了矿床成因。认为金鸿山—俄博梁地区具备较好的晶质石墨矿找矿潜力。     

四川省中厂铜矿矿床地质特征及成因讨论

四川省中厂铜矿位于扬子地台西南缘的康滇地轴中段,赋矿地层为中元古界下部的通安组,铜矿体赋存在通安组第二段和第三段中,铜矿体呈似层状,矿体围岩分别为白云石大理岩、石英变粒岩和含石英大理岩,地层中层间破碎带、滑动带和裂隙发育,并发生硅化、绢云母化、白云石化和褪色等热液蚀变,地层中碳质含量较高,矿床地质特征上判断,成矿经过沉积成岩期和构造-热液改造期,成矿物质为多期多来源,因此认为中厂铜矿床属于沉积-改造型铜矿床。     

青海省大干沟地区黑色岩系中V-Mo-PGE矿床找矿前景分析

分布在东昆仑山南坡青海省大干沟地区的浩特洛哇组黑色岩系,属陆缘裂陷滨海—浅海相沉积的碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩建造,形成于缺氧环境。区内的大干沟钒钼矿床、大干沟口V-MoPGE矿床均赋存于浩特洛哇组(C2P1h)中,矿体均为层状、似层状,具层控特征。近年工作在大干沟口浩特洛哇组碳质板岩中发现了Mo、Au等元素的化探异常,通过少量的槽探及钻探工程控制钒钼矿体8个;钻孔ZK001、ZK701中均见Pd矿化,w(Pd)=0.03×10~(-6)~0.16×10~(-6),达到伴生矿床工业开采品位。大干沟黑色岩系中伴生铂族元素的发现,给青海省柴南缘地区非传统类型的铂族元素矿床的找矿突破带了希望,与黑色岩系有关的V-Mo-PGE矿产找矿前景光明。     

音频大地电磁测深在齐大山铁矿王家堡子采区深部找矿中的应用

鞍山齐大山铁矿王家堡子采区产出鞍山式沉积变质型铁矿,铁矿石多以磁铁贫矿为主,局部产出富铁矿,目前钻探工程控制标高为-600 m,采区深部的资源潜力是急待解决的问题,为此对采区进行音频大地电磁测量和研究工作。齐大山铁矿的电性变化复杂,通过先期的实验剖面确定了矿区铁矿体的3种不同电阻率特征,然后对王家堡子采区的3760线、4050线、4500线进行音频大地电磁测量、数据处理和断面反演分析。推测3760线的低阻由磁铁贫矿引起,局部高阻为假象赤铁贫矿引起;推测4050线和4500线浅部的低阻由磁铁贫矿引起,深部的高阻为假象赤铁贫矿及磁铁贫矿引起。同时预测3760线、4050线和4500线西侧深部均有低电阻率显示,反映出隐伏铁矿床的存在特征,推测在-1 000 m标高以下仍存在有隐伏的富矿体或板状磁铁贫矿。经过钻探验证,获得了预期的找矿效果。     

Whole-rock chemistry of the Gameleira I uranium deposit,Lagoa Real,Brazil

The Lagoa Real uranium (U) province, referred to as Lagoa Real, is located in the state of Bahia, north-eastern Brazil. Lagoa Real has ∼112,000 metric tonnes and average grade of 2700 ppm of U₃O₈, being one of the largest U deposits in the world and the largest in Brazil. Despite its economic and strategic importance, there are gaps in the geological knowledge of the Lagoa Real U deposits. One of them is the lack of extensive whole-rock chemical data sets. Here, we present whole-rock chemical analyses for major and trace elements, including the rare-earth elements (REE), from barren country rocks to uraniferous ore shoot, systematically sampled from an exploratory drill hole. The chemical data indicate that albitite rocks, with and without uraniferous mineralisation, cannot result from sodic syenitic magmatism, as proposed by recent studies. Petrographical and geochemical evidence supports the previously suggested concept that the Lagoa Real albitite rocks resulted from sodic metasomatism of the granitic country rock, known as the São Timóteo granite. Their ore-mineral assemblages and geochemical characteristics are similar to albitite-hosted U deposits worldwide.     

The Valley and Ridge Province of eastern Pennsylvania—stratigraphic and sedimentologic contributions and problems

Many contributions that have led to a better understanding of Appalachian geology have resulted directly from work in the folded Appalachian Mountain and Great Valley sections of the Valley and Ridge physiographic province of eastern Pennsylvania. Disagreements have been common since H.D. Rogers first described the geology of the area in 1858. Many differing opinions still exist regarding the stratigraphy, structural geology, geomorphology, and glacial geology. The rocks in the area, which range from Middle Ordovician to Late Devonian in age, are more than 25000 feet (7620 m) thick. This diversified group of sedimentary rocks was deposited in many different environments, ranging from deep sea, through neritic and tidal, to alluvial. In general, the Middle Ordovician through Lower Devonian strata are a sedimentary cycle related to the waxing and waning of Taconic tectonism. The sequence began with a greywacke-argillite suite (Martinsburg Formation) representing synorogenic basin deepening. This was followed by basin filling and pro-gradation of a sandstone-shale clastic wedge (Shawangunk Formation and Bloomsburg Red Beds) derived from the erosion of the mountains that were uplifted during the Taconic orogeny. The sequence ended with deposition of many thin units of carbonate, sandstone, and shale on a shelf marginal to a land area of low relief. Another tectonic-sedimentary cycle, related to the Acadian orogeny, began with deposition of Middle Devonian rocks. Deep-water shales (Marcellus Shale) preceded shoaling (Mahantango Formation) and turbidite sedimentation (Trimmers Rock Formation) followed by another molasse (Catskill Formation).     

浅论赣北九瑞铜金矿集区的资源潜力

九瑞矿集区是长江中下游铜金成矿带的重要组成部分.数十年来,几代地质和矿山工作者为探明其矿产资源,作出了不懈的努力,取得了巨大成果.但近年来,随着勘探难度的加大,该区矿床勘查和研究处于"半停滞"状态.文章运用前人的科研资料,结合近期的工作成果,用"铜金矿集区"的概念和观点,阐述了矿集区的特征,总结了其控矿因素和成矿规律,分析了九瑞铜金矿集区的成矿系统和资源潜力.