Particulate n-alkanes and fatty acids in the Changjiang river system

Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream.     

长白山圆池泥炭沼泽演变及环境信息记录

通过分析长白山圆池泥炭剖面总有机碳含量、总正构烷烃含量、奇偶优势指数、(C23+C25)含量和2C31/(C27+C29)比值,讨论了泥炭发育不同时期植物输入情况,同时结合210Pb测年建立的年代序列来探讨该区的气候变化规律.研究结果显示,约1400年前,气候干冷,圆池尚没有出现沼泽化;1400年开始,气候稍暖,少量植物输入,圆池开始沼泽化;约从1860年至今,气候逐步转暖,大量植物输入,圆池沼泽化速度加快.     

High molecular weight (C_(35)~+) n-alkanes of high-waxy condensate and its source kitchen orientation in the Qianmiqiao burial-hill zone, Bohai Gulf Basin

Copyright by Science in China Press 2004 High-waxy condensate is a kind of special hy-drocarbon resources, i.e., the high molecular weight (HMW) alkanes, which usually appear in a solid wax fraction under normal temperature and pressure, but are dissolved by hydrocarbon gas as a high-waxy condensate of single gaseous phase under subsurface high temperature and pressure. Nevertheless, once produced in an oil-gas well, the subsurface condensate flows into the well-bottom, and then immediately …     

Hydrogen isotopic compositions, distributions and source signals of individual n-alkanes for some typical crude oils in Lunnan Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China

Petroleum mainly comprises carbon and hydrogen elements. The stable carbon isotopic analysis for whole oil was undertaken as early as the 1930s. After decades, the stable carbon isotopic analytical methods have been developed from analysis for whole oil and oil fractions (e.g., saturated, aromatic and polar frac-tions) into compound-specific isotopic analysis with the emergence of the newly developed GC-C-IRMS analytical technique. Especially, by using com-pound-specific isotopic analytical…     

太原市大气总悬浮颗粒物中正构烷烃和多环芳烃空间分布及来源分析

收集了太原市不同功能区的大气总悬浮颗粒物样品,经超声波提取分离得到正构烷烃、多环芳烃,经色谱-质谱分析表明,太原市大气颗粒物中正构烷烃主要来源于化石燃料的燃烧,少量为自然排放源。含量较高的不带取代基的多环芳烃有8种,其年平均浓度为1.50μg/m3,其中苯并(a)芘的年平均浓度为74.7ng/m3。多环芳烃的浓度分布为一电厂化工区>太钢工业区>桃园三巷商业居民区>太行仪表厂文化区。利用三角图与烟尘、汽车尾气样品中的多环芳烃特征相比较,认为太原市大气颗粒物中的多环芳烃主要来源于煤的燃烧。     

轮南14井原油正构烷烃和类异戊二烯单体碳同位素研究

通过对轮南14井正构烷烃和类异戊二烯烃的单体碳同位素分析,证实该井奥陶系和石炭系油藏具有相同或相似的油源,而三叠系油藏与奥陶系、石炭系油藏具有较大的碳同位素差异,反映其油源不同.在奥陶系、石炭系和三叠系油藏中,均呈现出类异戊二烯烃碳同位素值略重于同碳数正构烷烃的特征,结合前人研究成果,从生物合成途径及分子内碳同位素的分布角度出发得到合理的解释.     

热模拟实验中煤岩显微组分烷烃系列化合物地球化学特征

塔里木盆地侏罗系煤岩显微组分在封闭体系热模拟产物的色质分析表明,各显微组分的正构烷烃系列化合物的碳数均呈双峰型分布。随着温度的升高,后峰相对强度逐渐降低,表明正构烷烃系列化合物在热作用下易发生降解。由于各显微组分化学组成和结构的不同,它们的生烃过程也各不相同。镜质组热降解排烃需要较高热能,以产气为主;壳质组热效应作用下可以有效排烃,为好生烃组分;惰质组虽然生烃潜力有限,但产出烃类的稳定性较好,不易受热降解效应的影响,可以作为气源岩。在整个热模拟实验中,煤岩各显微组分表现为姥鲛烷优势,随着热模拟温度生高,Pr/Ph值表现为先增加后逐渐降低的变化趋势。     

珠江澳门河口沉积物柱样品正构烷烃研究

报道了珠江澳门河口沉积物柱芯榈中正构烷烃的浓度和分布类型,并通过因子分析方法对正构烷烃的来源加以初步探讨。沉积物柱芯样品于１９９７年３月采自珠江澳门河口区,沉积年龄以＾２１０Ｐｂ法稳恒初始放射性模式（ＣＡ模式）测定。样品中的有机污染物以二氯甲烷／丙酮混合溶剂索氏提取后,正构烷烃组分以ＧＣ／ＭＳＤ定量分析测定。研究结果表明,该现代沉积物桩芯样品沉积时间约历时４０ａ,桩芯样品中正构烷烃的含量范围为０．     

塔中台盆区原油正构烷烃摩尔浓度分布特征及意义

塔里木盆地塔中地区原油性质的多样性和复杂性十分罕见;分析表明,成熟作用和源岩相很可能是原油多样性的次要因素,主要影响因素可能与多期成藏或成藏后储层内的次生蚀变作用有关。本文对照正构烷烃摩尔浓度分布图版,辨别了塔中地区不同构造单元原油正构烷烃摩尔浓度的分布类型,分析了原油遭受次生蚀变作用的程度,以及蒸发分馏作用、气洗作用发生的原因及其对原油物性的影响。结果表明,由于运移通道以及与油气源的距离等因素,从塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带至中央断垒带,蒸发分馏作用和气洗作用发生的频率逐渐降低,但基态原油分布频率有增高的趋势。并且Ⅰ号断裂坡折带部分凝析油、高蜡油的形成主要与上述蒸发分馏、气洗、晶析等储层内的次生蚀变作用有关。     

轮南低凸起气洗作用响应及定量评价

自喜山期, 过量干气自东向西对轮南低凸起原始油藏的大规模侵入、冲刷, 诱发本区持续性气洗分馏作用的发生.在各组分气液溶解平衡的格架下, 气洗作用将导致残余油中正构烷烃的大量损失以及次生凝析气藏的形成.地球化学研究表明, 残余油与凝析油中轻烃组分(C₆-C₈) 的变化趋势具有典型的气洗分馏特征.同时, 基于气洗作用模型, 通过对各层系原油正构烷烃相对蒸发量(Q) 的计算, 定量描述了轮南地区气洗作用的强度.计算结果显示, 奥陶系的油气藏曾遭受强烈的气洗作用, 原油中正构烷烃的相对蒸发量由东向西表现出依次递减的特征.其中, 轮古东地区Q值高达97%;位于轮南低凸起中部的轮古2井以及轮古18井地区, 正构烷烃相对蒸发量较小(Q=20%~76%); 而在更加靠近西部的轮古17及轮古100井, 其原油中正构烷烃分布正常(Q=0), 并未发生气洗分馏作用.另一方面, 石炭系以及三叠系的油气藏均表现出未遭受气洗作用的特征, 证实了喜山期大量干气的优势运移通道被限制于海西早期运动所形成的奥陶系岩溶缝洞体系中的事实.因此, 奥陶系, 尤其是位于临近气源区的轮古东地区, 是轮南地区气藏的有利靶区.