Relationships between lower and upper crust tectonic during doming: the mylonitic southern edge of the Velay metamorphic core complex (Cévennes-French Massif Central)

Petrological, structural, and thermochronological analyses have been focused on the Mylonitic Metamorphic Vellave Zone (MMVZ), which wraps around the southern edge of the Velay metamorphic core complex dome. Mineral-stretching lineations in the Sil-Bt zone are everywhere perpendicular to the dome edge, the strong mylonitic foliation displays top-to-the south normal shearing, and preferential quartz orientations show high-temperature prismatic <a> deformation interpreted as pure shear patterns. The Sil-Bt zone reflects the dome dynamics during its forced emplacement and uplift. From the contact aureole of the Borne monzogranite, through greenschist facies, and until the And-Crd-Bt zone of the MMVZ, the series are affected by constant syn-metamorphic top-to-the-northeast shearing, acting since at least 320 Ma and reflecting upper crust tectonics during doming: the detachment system. A constriction-dominated deformation regime characterizes the And-Crd-Bt zone, together with the fact that thermochronometers (micas Ar/Ar, U-Th/Pb monazite) are set at 310 Ma, reflecting fast cooling and uplift high in the crust, consequently, the MMVZ is a mylonite that represents the interaction of dome dynamics and the tectonic environment of the upper crust. The Velay dome was forcibly emplaced in the country rocks, and has intruded its own detachment, showing the relationship between the detachment and the dynamic of the dome on its southern edge.     

红河断裂带中南段糜棱岩分形特征及主要流变参数的估算

红河断裂带是一条经历了长期构造演化的块间构造变形带,该断裂的西南侧出露一套经韧性剪切形成的糜棱岩。研究区糜棱岩宏观上发育多种变形组构,如构造面理、线理、S-C组构等。微观变形特征有云母鱼、长石碎斑、长石和角闪石压扁拉长、碎斑旋转形成的压力影等;尤其是石英普遍变形,其特征有波状消光、核幔构造、动态重结晶、单颗粒压扁拉长及石英条带等;石英动态重结晶新颗粒尤其发育,重结晶的新颗粒边界具有锯齿状或港湾状等不同的微观特征,这些不同的特征记录了变形时的温压环境和流变速率。石英新颗粒分维几何统计分析表明:研究区石英动态重结晶颗粒边界形态具有自相似性,表现出分形特征。分维数值为1.150～1.180,变形温度大约500℃,同构造变质环境属高绿片岩相-低角闪岩相;初步估算应变速率可能低于10-8.4s-1,根据石英重结晶的粒径估算变形古应力为42.0～58.0MPa     

苏尼特左旗早中生代变质核杂岩韧性拆离带构造剥露过程及地质意义

苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩位于中亚造山带东南部,其发育一走向近EW、倾向S的低角度伸展型拆离带,主要由下盘的二叠纪—三叠纪侵入体、韧性剪切带(糜棱岩带)、脆性拆离断层面及上盘的古生代和元古宙岩石组成。韧性拆离带内主要岩石类型为花岗质糜棱岩,宏观尺度普遍发育面理与线理,产状为145°～194°∠34°～55°与185°～228°∠15°～39°。显微尺度下石英强烈定向成拔丝状、并具亚颗粒旋转重结晶现象;长石形成不对称的旋转碎斑系及核幔构造。剪切带内不对称长石碎斑、云母鱼、S-C组构等指示上盘向SW方向剪切。以拆离带内强变形糜棱岩及下盘哈拉图岩体为测年对象,两个花岗质糜棱岩与下盘不变形花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为244.4±1.8 Ma、244.0±2.4 Ma与229.4±2.1 Ma;锆石(U-Th)/He的年龄为212.5±13.1 Ma、214.1±13.2 Ma。结合区域构造背景与前人研究资料,认为苏尼特拆离带变形起始时限为244 Ma以后,变形峰期时限为224 Ma并持续至214 Ma。苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩韧性拆离带在244～224 Ma与224～213 Ma两个时期的冷却速率分别为1...     

丹东韧性剪切带变形特征及其在五龙金矿成矿过程中的意义

五龙金矿位于丹东北东向韧性剪切带中,是一个典型的后韧性剪切带型金矿,韧性剪切带由应变不均一的线性强应变带和透镜状弱应变域构成,总体呈现网结状构造样式,韧性剪切变形的强弱与围岩中金元素的运移富集程度密切相关,其强、弱应变域直接控制含金石英脉的空间分布,根据剪切带构造演化与成矿过程在时空上的联系,建立了该区的构造控矿模式。     

Microstructures documenting Cenozoic extension processes in the northern continental margin of the South China Sea

ABSTRACT

In order to investigate the thinning process of the northern continental margin of the South China Sea, petrographic and microstructural analysis were carried out on 20 greenschistfacies mylonite samples, which were obtained from Site U1504 of IODP Expedition 367/368 in the Outer Margin High of the region. The mineral assemblage of the greenschist-facies mylonite is chlorite + epidotite + albite (Ab = 94.7–99.9) + quartz, which contains 10-30% gravel components. Microstructural analysis indicates that the greenschist-facies mylonite experienced two episodes of deformation：early ductile deformation followed by a later stage of brittle deformatio. Both episodes of deformation suggest an extensional environment. The extensive development of bulging recrystallization (BLG) of quartz, microscopic fractures and fine granulation of albite suggest that the temperature of ductile deformation is about 300-400°C, compatiable with a ductile shearing at shallow crust levels (~5-10 km). Petrographic features suggest that the greenschist-facies mylonite might originate from volcanic sedimentary rocks or sedimentary rocks affected by the intrusion of mafic magma. Combined with seismic interpretation, we propose that the greenschist-facies mylonite might be formed by crustal exhumation after thick Mesozoic sediments were denuded by a major extension.     

龙门山彭灌杂岩体中韧性剪切带的发现及其构造意义

本文从构造变形和断层岩的角度,运用断裂构造的新观念.通过野外宏观特征和糜棱岩的显微构造研究,证实了彭灌杂岩体中韧性剪切蒂的存在,并以构造层次原理阐述了它们对该区构造研究的意义。     

Grain-size reduction of feldspars by fracturing and neocrystallization in a low-grade granitic mylonite and its rheological effect

Feldspar grain-size reduction occurred due to the fracturing of plagioclase and K-feldspar, myrmekite formation and neocrystallization of albitic plagioclase along shear fractures of K-feldspar porphyroclasts in the leucocratic granitic rocks from the Yecheon shear zone of South Korea that was deformed under a middle greenschist-facies condition. The neocrystallization of albitic plagioclase was induced by strain energy adjacent to the shear fractures and by chemical free energy due to the compositional disequilibrium between infiltrating Na-rich fluid and host K-feldspar. With increasing deformation from protomylonite to mylonite, alternating layers of feldspar, quartz and muscovite developed. The fine-grained feldspar-rich layers were deformed dominantly by granular flow, while quartz ribbons were deformed by dislocation creep. With layer development and a more distributed strain in the mylonite, lower stresses in the quartz-rich layers resulted in a larger size of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains than that of the protomylonite.     

Vorticity analysis in calcite tectonites: An example from the Attico-Cycladic massif (Attica,Greece)

Although calcite tectonites are widespread in nature their use to quantify flow vorticity is limited. We use new (micro-)structural, petrofabric and vorticity data to analyse the kinematics of flow in outcrop-scale calcite mylonite zones. These zones are genetically related to a crustal-scale NE-directed ductile thrust (Basal Thrust) that emplaced the Blueschist over the Basal unit during the exhumation of the Attico-Cycladic Massif. Calcite microstructures reveal that the last stage of deformation occurred at temperatures 200–300 °C achieved by mild heating, which is possibly related with the reburial of the Basal Thrust's footwall. Vorticity analyses were based on the degree of asymmetry of calcite c-axis fabrics as well as on the assumption that the orientation of the long axes of calcite neoblasts within an oblique foliation delineates the direction of instantaneous stretching axis. Both methodological approaches provide consistent estimates with a simple shear component between 55% and 82% (W_n = 0.76–0.96). The use of the stress axis (σ₁) orientation recorded by twin-c-axis-pairs to quantify vorticity generally gives significantly lower simple shear component. Comparison of our vorticity estimates with previous estimates inferred from quartz fabrics and rigid porphyroclasts reveals that exhumation-related deformation in the nappe pile was steady state.     

糜棱岩型金矿床地质特征

当糜棱岩中金元素的含量足以满足工业利用,即在糜棱岩中可圈出独立的金矿体时,这种金矿床便可称为糜棱岩型金矿床.糜棱岩型金矿床是"中国金矿床工业类型"中的重要类型之一.此类金矿床多分布在古老地块周边长期活动的构造带之中.介绍了糜棱岩型金矿床的赋矿岩系、控矿构造、矿床、矿体、矿石以及含金矿物等地质特征.同时,对金成矿地质环境及矿床成因等作了探讨     

粤北花岗岩型铀矿矿集区糜棱岩带特征及其与铀成矿的关系

笔者通过对粤北花岗岩型铀矿矿集区内糜棱岩岩性、显微构造及岩石组构等要素的鉴定及测量,系统研究了糜棱岩带的力学性质和运动学特点,以及其形成的地质环境;根据相关年代学资料,探讨糜棱岩的形成时代及与铀成矿年龄的关系;结合构造地球化学研究,探索岩石组分活化转移与应力、应变的内在联系,揭示了韧性剪切环境下的铀成矿机制。这对该区糜棱岩成因认识的提升和指导找矿实践都具有重要意义。