Determining the time and space domains for estimating b value in seismic zoning

To take the seismic zone that includes the great shock with M _s≥8.2 as the statistical unit of estimating b value can often lead to more large variance, because the seismogenic zone of the great shock with M _s≥8.2 are larger than that delineated in general seismic zone. Two-level statistical units are considered in this paper. The seismic province is the first level unit that is suitable for group of earthquakes including the great shock of M _s≥8.5. A seismic province can be divided into several seismic zones. They can be taken as the second level unit for group of quakes in which the super magnitude of the greatest shock do not exceed 8. Because of the nonstationarity in time of seismic activity, the unbalancedness of data and differential of seismic temporal series feature in different areas need to be considered when we select the time period for estimating b value. According to local conditions, the time period is selected at one’s discretion in order to reflect seismicity level of this statistical unit in future 100 years. Contribution No. 98A02039, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau, China.     

华南地区中生代花岗岩同位素地质数据分析及岩浆—构造活动时段

本文对华南地区２３０Ｍａ以来的花岗岩同位素地质数据进行了统计,结果表明：总体上存在自西北向东南渐新趋势,并由一次趋势面分析得到佐证。     

Opportunities, constraints and pluriactivity in rural Romania during the transition period; preliminary observations

This paper presents some initial implications of the changes brought about by recent economic transformations within the Romanian rural sector during the current transition period. As a case study of those trends, within the context of pluriactivity and constraints to rural development, it looks at some characteristics of agricultural production in the Subcarpathian region of the county of Valcea, an area where collectivisation, and thus its influences, had been partial and limited. The paper links micro and macro view points. At the micro level, it looks at the coping strategies, based on pluriactivity, adopted by rural households under changing economic conditions. At the macro level, the paper discusses some of the possible factors supporting as well as hindering rural welfare levels and agricultural development under current economic conditions. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

盾构隧道衬砌结构受力分析的梁—弹簧系统模型

盾构隧道衬砌结构由若干管片及其间的连接螺栓组成。在其断面受力的工程设计中,目前普遍采用梁-弹簧系统模型来模拟其受力性态。其中,梁可分成直梁和曲梁两类。本文在考虑弹簧刚度的轴向、切向和转动效应的同时,从卡氏（Castigliano）第二定理出发,给出了梁-弹簧模型的矩阵式,并论证了直梁-弹簧模型与曲梁-弹簧模型的一致性关系。在数值模拟计算过程中,还考虑了地层反作用力非线性情形和管片接头转动刚度正、负弯矩时的非对称性问题。     

天文因子与中国大地震活动趋势预测

根据太阳活动与月亮运动周期预测１９８８年开始的中国大地震活跃期已经基本结束,从现在起到２０００年中国大陆发生Ｍｓ≥７０地震的可能性很小。     

中国的红土期

前人仅将华南的红土分为５期＾［１］,具各期的起迄年龄不详。根据全国众多的红土实例及年龄资料,提出我国６个红土发育期的划分方案,从南向北,红土期数减少,历时变短。各项红土尚可分出若干个亚期,有待今后深入研究。     

极射赤平投影中的数学方法

本文提供了严格依据赤平投影原理并利用空间解析几何知识推导出的公式计算方法，可以写出已知产状的线或面的赤平投影方程，也能计算两线所共的面，两面的交线，线或面之间的夹角以及它们的平分线或平分面，可以进行真倾斜和视倾斜的换算，倾斜和侧伏的换算；模拟线面绕轴的旋转以及恢复节理的原始产状；最后阐述用计算机进行节理统计和绘制极点等密图的原理。所用的向量表示方法直观表达了相关构造要素之间的空间关系，可用于计算机辅助教学，也能用于生产实践，精度可达0.01°。     

中国大陆强震相近重复的50年周期及其对大陆西部强震趋势的预测

以中国大陆三十年代与八十年代强震对比证实，在各种相近重复周期中存在的五六十年的优势周期，１９８１－１９９４年发生的４６次强震，其中有３８次大五六十前（即１９３０－１９４３年期间）都曾相近重复发生过强震，其他８次强震主要分布在青海，新疆，西藏无重复发震记录，可能与三四十年代该区强震记录不全有关，按现有的资料上述两时段内５０年相近重复震率达８０％，本在讨论了震强相近重复的基本特征的差异性后认为，强震     

上海及其周边地区高耸建筑物抗震设计中卓越周期的评价与选择

根据上海及周边地区地质构造、地震活动的历史和动力参数实测资料,通过分析研究,提出上海地区剪切波和卓越周期的经验计算法。     

THE EARLY SUMMER FLOOD PERIODS OF SOUTHERN CHINA AND THE SUMMER MONSOON CIRCULATION OF EAST ASIA

Based on the thermodynamic characteristics of the summer monsoon and foe change of the lower layer wind fields, the relation between the early summer flood periods of southern China, Including the first flood period of South China and the plum rains period of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the activities of the summer monsoon is analysed.The establishment processes of the summer monsoon circulation of East Asia are investigated.It is shown that the beginning and ending of the flood periods are exactly in accordance with the arrival and departure of the fore boundary of the summer monsoon.The establishment process of the circulation from the very beginning of the arrival of the monsoon to the time of great prosperity of development are not the same for each year.They can be classified into four categories.Each category may have four or three stages.Besides, the structure of the summer monsoon regime of East Asia is not unitary.There exist four types of structure model of the monsoon regime of East Asia.