Characters of fluid inclusions in quartz veins in pyroclastic rock of Budate Group, Hailar Basin

It was adopted that the fluorescence microscope, Gas-Flow Heating/Freezing System, Laser-Raman Spectroscopy, etc. are the multimedia techniques for analysing fluid inclusions of quartz veins in Budate Group, Hailar Basin. The results show that fluid inclusions in quartz veins are small ( 1～5μm) monophase, two-phase (liquid vapour) aqueous inclusions; the two-phase aqueous inclusions homogcniese to the liquid phase between 120 ～ 180℃, two dominant types for oil inclusions were determined in quartz veins: ① the primary inclusions, almostly gas, measurement by Laser-Raman Spectroscopy show that both gas phase are enriched in CH4 (94.50%～99.25% ) and C6H6 (0.75%～2.70%), under these conditions, inclusions may have come from juvenile fliud followingly the quartz veins formation. While the quartz veins exhibiting different striking luminescence has been proved by cathodoluminescence, it would be impossible to come from the deep magmas and strata. ② aqueous, liquid and two-phase (liquid vapour) oil inclusions, belong to secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. The oil inclusions of this stage represent mainly the large scale of oil accumulation, located within the quartz microfracture.     

准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭—二叠系火山岩裂缝中方解石脉成因

准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭—二叠系火山岩裂缝十分发育, 普遍充填方解石矿物。通过对钻井岩心裂缝类型划分、 方解石脉原生流体包裹体均一温度测试、 方解石地球化学数据测试与分析, 揭示了方解石脉成因。结果表明, 石炭—二叠系火山岩中的裂缝主要包括风化裂缝、 构造裂缝、 成岩裂缝和溶蚀裂缝。裂缝中方解石的原生流体包裹体均一温度分布为40℃～150℃, 变化范围较大, 具有低温、 高温及混合流体特征。方解石的碳、 氧同位素表明, 方解石的形成与大气淡水和埋藏流体有关, 锶同位素和锰元素进一步证实, 埋藏流体为深部热液流体或埋藏流体溶蚀了火山物质。准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭—二叠系火山岩受逆冲推覆构造和风化淋滤作用双重影响, 构造裂缝和风化裂缝彼此连通并沟通了深部热液与大气淡水。在火山岩裂缝中形成了兼具大气淡水与深部热液流体特征的方解石充填物。     

A model of boiling for fluid inclusion studies: Application to the Bolaños Ag–Au–Pb–Zn epithermal deposit,Western Mexico

Boiling can be inferred from fluid inclusion microthermometry studies when a progressive increase in apparent salinity is observed along with a decrease of homogenization temperature (T_H) and depth, thus reflecting the partitioning of non-volatile solutes into the liquid phase during steam loss. We propose a model for fluid evolution during boiling based on mass and heat balance equations, which establishes paths in the T_H-salinity space that can be compared with fluid inclusion data to confirm or discard boiling. Additionally, the model allows calculating paleo-depths, for which the effect of steam bubbles lowering the hydrostatic pressure is taken into account.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112001478

REE composition of the carbonates of the auriferous quartz carbonate veins (QCVs) of the Neoarchean Ajjanahalli gold deposit, Chitradurga schist belt, Dharwar Craton, is characterized by U-shaped chondrite normalized REE patterns with both LREE and HREE enrichment and a distinct positive Eu anomaly. As positive Eu anomaly is associated with low oxygen fugacity, we propose that the auriferous fluids responsible for gold mineralization at Ajjanahalli could be from an oxygen depleted fluid. The observed positive Eu anomaly is interpreted to suggest the derivation of the auriferous fluids from a mantle reservoir. The location of Ajjanahalli gold deposit in a crustal scale shear zone is consistent with this interpretation.     

宿州市栏杆-褚栏地区金刚石勘查中磁异常特征研究与找矿

为在安徽省宿州市栏杆-褚栏地区寻找金刚石矿,深入研究该地区的地磁异常特征,圈定有意义的地磁异常,结合航磁异常、地磁异常、深源磁场剖析与已知矿体之间的对应关系,掌握基性、超基性岩脉的预测及其分布规律,进一步指出找矿方向。     

基于围岩片帮形迹的宏观地应力估计方法探讨

基于深部地下勘探隧洞围岩应力型片帮破坏是岩体初始地应力作用的最直观结果的认识,建立借助围岩片帮形迹分析工程区岩体宏观地应力的估计方法。该方法通过对比分析地应力作用下多个交叉隧洞围岩的片帮空间分布特征和烈度强弱关系,建立岩体3个初始主应力的空间大小和方向关系;采用片帮劈裂纹方位角统计获得岩体最大主应力方向;依据片帮的应力门槛值和起裂应力门槛值估算出3个主应力量值。现场实测地应力数据和多工况数值计算分析都有力地表明,借助该分析方法获得的白鹤滩右岸厂址区域三维地应力是科学、合理的,这也为深入认识工程区地应力特征提供了一条新思路     

基于模型试验的劈裂注浆机制分析

依托钟家山隧道帷幕注浆工程,设计了一套大比例劈裂注浆模型试验装置,模拟断层破碎带劈裂注浆过程,通过布设监测元件记录,分析注浆过程关键参数的变化规律,通过开挖充填介质直观揭露浆脉分布特征。试验发现,注浆过程中土体劈裂压力呈现类似脉冲状变化规律,试验条件下土体启劈压力 0.12 MPa,与现有理论解进行了对比分析。基于浆液扩散形式转换、主次生劈裂通道饱和、新劈裂通道形成和后续次劈裂区域饱和4个阶段,分析了土体劈裂压力变化机制,提出了主、次生劈裂压力值界定方法,并对试验条件下7次主劈裂压力值、53次次生劈裂压力值进行了分析,发现主劈裂压力值呈递增规律。结合P-t曲线从能量角度将劈裂过程划分为土体劈裂能量积聚、劈裂和浆液能量转移3个阶段,通过开挖充填介质揭露浆脉的空间分区域分布规律和主、次生浆脉共存规律并分析其成因,在钟家山隧道帷幕注浆工程进行现场应用试验,进一步验证了试验结论的正确性。试验结论对于注浆理论的认知和注浆工程的应用有一定的指导作用。     

甘肃小柳沟钨矿床石英脉特征及其含矿性评价

小柳沟钨矿床石英脉中Cu,Mo关系密切,相伴而生,对围岩选择性较小,而W则对围岩选择性大,主要集中富集于夕卡岩及角闪云母片岩中.走向NE向、NW向和近EW向的石英脉在矿区发育,在夕卡岩及角闪云母片岩中可富集成矿,而在其他岩性围岩中形不成具有工业意义的白钨矿体.今后评价重点应为走向近EW向、倾向S的石英脉,该组石英脉最为发育,在矿区深部石英网脉中可富集成矿,品位0.480%～0.682%;其他组别石英脉在矿区分布零乱,仅在局部地段密集成带,其评价意义不大.     

Sedimentary fluids/fault interaction during syn-rift burial of the Lodève Permian Basin (Hérault,France): An example of seismic-valve mechanism in active extensional faults

During basin burial, interstitial fluids initially trapped within the sedimentary pile easily move under thermal and pressure gradients. As the main mechanism is linked to fluid overpressure, such fluids play a significant role on frictional mechanics for fault reactivation and sediment deformation.The Lodève Permian Basin (Hérault, France) is an exhumed half-graben with exceptional outcrop conditions providing access to barite-sulfide mineralized systems and hydrocarbon trapped into syn-rift roll-over faults. Architectural studies show a cyclic infilling of fault zone and associated bedding-parallel veins according to three main fluid events during dextral/normal faulting. Contrasting fluid entrapment conditions are deduced from textural analysis, fluid inclusion microthermometry and sulfur isotope geothermometer. We conclude that a polyphase history of trapping occurred during Permian syn-rift formation of the basin.The first stage is characterized by an implosion breccia cemented by silicifications and barite during an abrupt pressure drop within fault zone. This mechanism is linked to the dextral strike-slip motion on faults and leads to a first sealing of the fault zone by basinal fluid mineralization.The second stage consists of a succession of barite ribbons precipitated under overpressure fluctuations, derived from fault-valve action. This corresponds to periodic reactivations of fault planes and bedding-controlled opening localized at sulphide-rich micro-shearing structures showing a normal movement. This process formed the main mineralized ore bodies by the single action of fluid overpressure fluctuations undergoing changes in local stress distribution.The last stage is associated with the formation of dextral strike-slip pull-apart infilled by large barite and contemporaneous hydrocarbons under suprahydrostatic pressure values. This final tectonic activation of fault is linked to late basinal fluids and hydrocarbon migration during which shear stress restoration on the fault plane is faster than fluid pressure build-up.This integrated study shows the interplay action between tectonic stress and fluid overpressure in fault reactivation during basin burial that clearly impact potential economic reservoirs.