Geological structure, composition of ores and age of the Bamsk gold deposit, Amur region, Russia

The Bamsk gold-ore deposit is located in the Amur region, the Far East of Russia. It is confined to the Early Cretaceous volcanic-plutonic uplift of central type, located in the Stanov folded-clumpy Pre-Cambrian system. The deposit is presented by a series of gold-bearing quartz and carbonate-quartz vein-stringer zones. They are confined to the super-intrusive zone of the Nevachansk subvolcanic intrusion of sienite-porphyric composition. The mineralization is being controlled by zone of fractures developed in the autochthone ofthe Bamsk fault. Quartz, carbonates and sericite prevail in the composition of ores. The quantity of ore minerals doesn't exceed 1%～5%. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena and native gold are widely spread. Sheelite, gold and silver tellurides, sulphobismuthites, acanthite, sphalerite and cinnabar are less developed. Four stages of mineralization have been distinguished. Gold-sulphide-sulphosalt ore with tellurides of gold and silver is productive for gold. The following set of elements is typomorphic for the ores of the deposit: Au, Ag, Cu, Bi,Mo, Pb and Sb (W1, Pb1, Mo) -Cu- (Ag, Bi, Sb, Mn, W1, Pb2) form the vertical series of zoning. Rocks, enclosing the mineralization are exposed to the processes of listvenitization-beresitization. The processes of gumbeization and argillization are less manifested. The age of the gold mineralization, determined by Rb-Sr method on ore-accompanying minerals, is 130.6 Ma.     

河北中山沟金矿含金石英脉中锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究

热液石英脉型金矿石中锆石可以来自围岩,也可以由热液活动形成.因此,对其研究有助于揭示成岩成矿信息.中山沟金矿位于河北省张家口—宣化(张宣)地区,主要呈石英脉型产于水泉沟岩体西段,是张宣幔枝构造核部的典型金矿床之一.本文在矿区地质特征基础上,主要开展含金石英脉内锆石形态学特征、LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素测年以及H...     

罗布泊地区红柳沙包纹层沙粒度特征与环境指示意义

通过对罗布泊西南缘一个红柳沙包的132个清晰沉积纹层沙物质特征分析表明:所有沉积纹层沙物质均以细砂为主,占42.54～91.82%,其中1871-1874年纹层砂粒最细,1903-1910年纹层砂粒最粗;沙物质粒径分布在0.044～0.283mm之间,平均值0.095mm,中值粒径0.083mm;所有纹层沙物质的分选性都很好,分选系数分布在0.04～0.06之间,平均值0.05;偏态值分布在0.14～0.35之间,平均值0.19;峰态值分布在1.03～1.17之间,平均值1.13;沙物质粒度分维值分布在1.39～2.88之间,平均值2.80。除沙层厚度外,粒级组成、粒度特征参数、粒级分布曲线以及粒度累计概率曲线等也有较明确的环境指示意义。     

康滇地轴巨粒晶质铀矿的发现及其地质意义

康滇地轴米易海塔地区富晶质铀矿石英脉产于晚元古代受混合岩化作用影响的五马箐组黑云斜长片岩中,受韧-脆性断裂构造裂隙带控制。晶质铀矿呈黑色,半金属光泽;晶形完好,以立方体与八面体聚形及菱形十二面体为主,少量呈立方体;粒径大多0.5cm左右,最大可达1cm以上。共生矿物组合为石英-晶质铀矿-榍石-辉钼矿组合。研究认为,晶质铀矿形成于温度压力较高及深度较大的地质环境,是高温偏酸性流体在温度缓慢下降的强还原条件下结晶而成的。康滇地轴具有形成高强度铀矿化的地质背景和成矿条件,在康滇地轴混合岩地区最有前景的铀矿类型应为受韧-脆性构造控制的中高温热液脉型矿化。     

五龙金矿脉岩对金矿体的制约机制

从五龙金矿矿体与各类脉岩的同源性入手，结合矿区成矿构造的发生、发展及演变规律，系统阐述了脉岩与金矿体的相互制约关系及成生机理，总结了各类脉岩对金矿体的控制规律。     

Seismic Sequence in Carbonate Rocks By Vibrational Liquefaction

On the basis of the records of strong seismic events taking place in soft carbonate sediments, a new seismic sequence system of vibrational liquefaction is established, which consists of a series of units, such as escaped structure of micrite veins and liquefied deformation formed in the period of seismic liquefaction, land subsidence structure after liquefaction, tsunamic hummocky and turbidite produced by seismic events, This sequence is a generalization and summation of field observation in vast areas, which shows the whole process of a strong seismic event and provides an unified theoretical explanation. The pattern of the seismic sequence by vibrational liquefaction provides one of correlation standards for geologists in the field to discriminate events in carbonate sequences. Based on the pattern of seismic sequence, the authors first advance a new conception of the Palaeo-Tanlu (Tancheng-Lujiang) Zone and discuss primarily its geological significations.     

Au–Ag–Te Mineralization of the Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Aginskoe Deposit,Central Kamchatka,Russia

Mineralogic studies of major ore minerals and fluid inclusion analysis in gangue quartz were carried out for the for the two largest veins, the Aginskoe and Surprise, in the Late Miocene Aginskoe Au–Ag–Te deposit in central Kamchatka, Russia. The veins consist of quartz–adularia–calcite gangue, which are hosted by Late Miocene andesitic and basaltic rocks of the Alnei Formation. The major ore minerals in these veins are native gold, altaite, petzite, hessite, calaverite, sphalerite, and chalcopyrite. Minor and trace minerals are pyrite, galena, and acanthine. Primary gold occurs as free grains, inclusions in sulfides, and constituent in tellurides. Secondary gold is present in form of native mustard gold that usually occur in Fe‐hydroxides and accumulates on the decomposed primary Au‐bearing tellurides such as calaverite, krennerite, and sylvanite. K–Ar dating on vein adularia yielded age of mineralization 7.1–6.9 Ma. Mineralization of the deposit is divided into barren massive quartz (stage I), Au–Ag–Te mineralization occurring in quartz‐adularia‐clays banded ore (Stage II), intensive brecciation (Stage III), post‐ore coarse amethyst (Stage IV), carbonate (Stage V), and supergene stages (Stage VI). In the supergene stage various secondary minerals, including rare bilibinskite, bogdanovite, bessmertnovite metallic alloys, secondary gold, and various oxides, formed under intensely oxidized conditions. Despite heavy oxidation of the ores in the deposit, Te and S fugacities are estimated as Stage II tellurides precipitated at the log f Te₂ values ?9 and at log fS₂ ?13 based on the chemical compositions of hypogene tellurides and sphalerite. Homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz broadly ranges from 200 to 300°C. Ore texture, fluid inclusions, gangue, and vein mineral assemblages indicate that the Aginskoe deposit is a low‐sulfidation (quartz–adularia–sericite) vein system.     

雅砻江锦屏一级水电站左岸深部裂缝成因机制探讨

雅砻江锦屏一级水电站普斯罗沟坝址左岸山体内存在大量深部裂缝,它们不仅发育于坡向与岩层倾向相反的左岸,而且发育在卸荷带以内数十米至上百米处,远远超出常规意义的边坡岩体卸荷带分布范围。通过深入分析发育在深部裂缝内部纤维状方解石脉所反映的动力学、运动学意义,断层充填物的年代学特征,并结合区内河谷阶地演化,首次提出并论证了深部裂缝不是地震的产物,也不是边坡卸荷的结果,而是构造运动长时间脉动拉张作用下形成的。     

塔里木盆地西北缘震旦系玄武质岩墙和西南缘奥陶系中辉绿岩脉地质年代及构造环境的对比研究

本文对塔西北震旦系中的苏盖特布拉克组玄武质岩墙以及塔西南奥陶系玛列兹肯群中辉绿岩脉的区域地质、岩石学、地球化学等进行了对比研究,同时对锆石的微区 U-Pb 同位素年代学及其构造环境等进行了研究。 前者为顺层侵入、包裹了中酸性的捕虏体, 发育了枕状构造、球形风化和柱状节理等玄武岩喷发等特征;后者穿插于韧性剪切带中碳酸盐质糜棱岩化中。 它们的常量组分变化较大：不包括 SiO₂ 外其它 9 种常量组分的含量为 36.3%～45.3%, 全碱 （Na₂O+K₂O）为 3.83%～7.16%;TiO₂ 含量较低, 为 0.63%～1.89%;MgO 为 3.72%～6.74%;前者中的常量组分、微量元素 Sr 、Ta、Nb、Ti、Yb、Ni、Cu、Zn、Y 含量明显高于后者对应值, 但大离子亲石、造岩元素中 Cs、Rb 等元素、La/Nb、K/T 元素比相对较低。 相比于原始地幔, 两者均相对富集造岩元素 Li、Rb、Ba、Ga、Sr 和稀有元素 Nb、Ta, 轻稀土中等富集;相对亏损铁族元素 Cr、Co 及 Mo、Pb、Bi、U 等;前者 ΣREE 为 227.72×10^-6～426.32×10^-6 、L/H = 2.51～2.61、δEu = 0.48～0.52、δCe = 0.56;后者的 ΣREE 为 142.37×10^-6 ～187.92×10^-6 、L/H = 2.34～3.99、δEu = 0.63～0.84、δCe = 0.52～0.54;综合判识表明, 前者主要来自于未混染或较弱混染的幔源、发育于新元古（878～808.6 Ma）板内伸展的构造环境, 变质和残留核锆石谐和年龄为 2 090 Ma, 记录了早元古的联合大陆的形成时代, 蚀变锆石 455.4±10.8 Ma 代表了加里东中晚期的岩浆热事件;后者岩浆锆石的 U-Pb 年龄为晚奥陶世 478±48 Ma, 发育于弧后盆地、与韧性剪切带有关的加里东中晚期岩浆活动。     

Retrograde evolution of quartz segregations from the Dos Picos shear zone in the Nevado-Filabride Complex (Betic chains,Spain). Evidence from fluid inclusions and quartz c-axis fabrics

Synkinematic quartz veins are ubiquitous in the shear zone separating the Veleta unit from the Calar Alto unit in the internal part of the Betic Cordilleras. They have been studied with respect to quartz c-axis fabrics, microstructures and fluid inclusions. Veins were probably generated during syn-metamorphic stacking of the units at P = 500 – 600 MPa and T = 400 – 500°C. Quartz displays two groups of microstructures in the shear zone: (1) older coarse-grained mosaics (CGM) resulting from exaggerated grain growth; and (2) younger fine-grained mosaics (FGM) developed at the expense of the former. The fine-grained mosaics show polygonal granoblastic and elongate mosaic microstructures in general, with ribbon microstructures often found near the boundary of the units. Fluids contained in secondary inclusions vary from high salinity brines to different types of CO₂—brine mixtures and low density CO₂ fluids. Differences in composition and P-T trapping conditions are indicated for the different types of inclusions. Some fluid inclusions are older than the FGM, whereas others are younger, thus constraining the P- T conditions at which the two microstructural events took place. Fluid inclusion evidence suggests conditions of P_fluid > 170 MPa and T 370–430°C for the CGM and P_fluid 20–80 MPa and T > 340°C for the FGM.The quartz c-axis fabrics dealt with here correspond to the second recrystallization event, as little evidence of older fabrics is preserved in the shear zone. C-axis patterns vary across the shear zone from slightly asymmetrical type I crossed girdles in the hanging wall and footwall to more asymmetrical crossed girdles at the boundary of the units. This indicates a correlative increase in the magnitude of the heterogeneous shear strain in the same direction. Most of the deformation is concentrated at the top of the Veleta unit. The sense of movement is top to the west, in agreement with other kinematic markers.The quartz c-axis fabrics resulted from dynamic recrystallization during simple shear. The retrograde P-T path inferred from fluid inclusion analysis, along with other geological and geochronological evidence, indicates that this deformation is coeval with a reduction in the crustal overburden.Geochronological and stratigraphic data show that the proposed Dos Picos extensional detachment, separating the Calar Alto and Veleta units, took place during the early Miocene, synchronous with the intense thinning of the Nevado-Filábride Complex and of the whole continental crust underlying the Alborán Basin.