GPS应用于垂直位移监测的方案设计及数据处理方法

本文主要研究了GPS变形监测中垂直位移的问题。通过对误差分析,建立GPS大地高高差平差模型,以便提高GPS变形监测在垂直位移方向上的精度。从而真正的达到GPS三维监测。     

EGM96/2008重力场模型在似大地水准面构建中的应用

似大地水准面的构建可以将GPS测量的高程迅速转化为正常高,极大降低高程测量的成本,提高相关工作效率。将EGM96/2008重力场模型与“移去-恢复”法相结合,在矿区内建立似大地水准面,并使用不同的插值方法,验证最优方案。结果表明,使用二次线性插值的EGM2008重力场模型拟合效果更好,模型外符合精度达到3.6 mm,更适合应用于该区域似大地水准面构建。     

Geology of the Acropolis prospect,South Australia,constrained by high-precision CA-TIMS ages

Abstract

Acropolis is an Fe-oxide–copper–gold prospect ～20?km from Olympic Dam, South Australia, and marked by near-coincident gravity and magnetic anomalies. Prospective Fe-oxide–apatite?±?sulfide veins occur in Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic volcanic and granitoid host units beneath unmineralised sedimentary formations. We have produced a geological map and history of the prospect using data from 16 diamond drill holes, including LA-ICPMS and high-precision CA-TIMS ages. The oldest unit is megacrystic granite of the Donington Suite (ca 1850?Ma). A non-conformity spanning ca 250 My separates the Donington Suite and felsic lavas and ignimbrites of the Gawler Range Volcanics (GRV; 1594.03?±?0.68?Ma). The GRV were intruded by granite of the Hiltaba Suite (1594.88?±?0.50?Ma) and felsic dykes (1593.88?±?0.56?Ma; same age as the Roxby Downs Granite at Olympic Dam). The felsic dykes are weakly altered and lack Fe-oxide–apatite–sulfide veins, suggesting that they post-date the main hydrothermal event. If correct, this relationship implies that the main hydrothermal event at Acropolis was ca 1594?Ma and pre-dated the main hydrothermal event at Olympic Dam. The GRV at Acropolis are the same age as the GRV at Olympic Dam and ca 3–7 My older than the GRV exposed in the Gawler Ranges. The gravity and magnetic anomalies coincide with sections through the GRV, Hiltaba Suite and Donington Suite that contain abundant, wide, Fe-oxide veins. The GRV, Hiltaba Suite and Donington Suite are unconformably overlain by the Mesoproterozoic Pandurra Formation or Neoproterozoic Stuart Shelf sedimentary formations. The Pandurra Formation shows marked lateral variations in thickness related to paleotopography on the underlying units and post-Pandurra Formation pre-Neoproterozoic faults. The Stuart Shelf sedimentary formations have uniform thicknesses.

1. KEY POINTS

2. Fe-oxide–apatite?±?sulfide veins are hosted by the Gawler Range Volcanics (1594.03?±?0.68?Ma), the Hiltaba Suite granite (1594.88?±?0.50?Ma) and Donington Suite granite (ca 1850?Ma).

3. The age of felsic dykes (1593.88?±?0.56?Ma) interpreted to be post-mineralisation implies that the main hydrothermal event at Acropolis was ca 1594?Ma.

4. The Gawler Range Volcanics at Acropolis are the same age as the Gawler Range Volcanics at Olympic Dam and ca 3 to 7 My older than the Gawler Range Volcanics exposed in the Gawler Ranges.

     

Reliability analysis for bearing capacity of surface strip footing using fuzzy finite element method

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the reliability analysis on the basis of the foundation failure against bearing capacity using the concept of fuzzy set theory. A surface strip footing is considered for the analysis and the bearing capacity is estimated using the conventional Finite Element Method (FEM). The spatial variability of the variables is taken into consideration to capture the physical randomness of the soil parameters for an isotropic field. A variation of the probability of failure (P_f) against a varying limiting applied pressure (q) is presented for different Coefficient of Variation (COV) of the variables and different scale of fluctuation (θ). The results reveal that the friction angle of soil (?) is the most influencing parameter among the other variables. Further, the influence of the scale of fluctuation (θ) on the probability of failure (P_f) is also examined. It is observed that for a particular COV of ?, higher value of θ predicts higher P_f whereas, P_f increases as COV of ? increases for a particular θ value. Later, a comparison study is accomplished to verify the viability of the present method and it can be noticed that the present method compares well with the other reliability method (First Order Reliability Method) to a reasonably good extent.     

采用复合单元法模拟裂隙多孔介质变饱和流动

采用复合单元法建立了模拟裂隙多孔介质变饱和流动的数值模型。该模型具有以下特点：裂隙不需要离散成特定单元，而是根据几何位置插入到孔隙基质单元中形成复合单元；在复合单元中，分别建立裂隙流和孔隙基质流的计算方程，二者通过裂隙?基质界面产生联系并整合成复合单元方程；复合单元方程具有和常规有限单元方程相同的格式，因此，可以使用常规有限单元方程的求解技术。采用欠松弛迭代、集中质量矩阵以及自适应时步调节等技术，开发了裂隙多孔介质变饱和流动计算程序。通过模拟一维干土入渗和复杂裂隙含水层内的流动问题，验证了该模型的合理性和适用性。模拟结果为进一步认识非饱和裂隙含水层地下水流动特性提供了理论依据。     

四川省康定县三碉金矿床岩矿石化学成分特征及构造环境

康定县境内的三碉金矿床是大渡河金矿成矿集中区内的典型矿床。本文基于野外实地调查取样、实验室分析测试工作,通过对岩矿石地球化学特征及构造环境进行研究,结果表明:1)从无矿石英→含矿石英,SiO_2、Al_2O_3、CaO等含量均有所减少,TiO_2、MnO、K_2O、Na_2O等变化范围不大,Fe_2O_3和FeO等则有明显的增高。2)斜长角闪岩的原岩为基性火山岩,δEu主要表现为正异常特征;黑云母花岗岩具有中钾钙碱性特征,形成于造山晚期,δEu表现为明显的负异常特征。即三碉金矿的形成过程中,硅铝质矿物在减少,载金金属矿物在增多;含矿流体混染和交代长英质岩浆减弱抵消负铕异常导致斜长角闪岩δEu值逐渐过渡为正异常;黑云母花岗岩δEu为负异常,是早期斜长石的晶出带走Eu作用的结果。3)矿区断裂与矿床的形成密切相关,为成矿流体的上升运移提供了有利的通道,并提供含矿石英脉的沉聚空间。     

Study on the fractal character of magnetic anomaly fields and the delineation of tectonic elements in the South China Sea

INTRODUCTION~hon0ffornjcelmtSwnthebasisofthestudyonthecrustaldefonnationanddeVel0prnent,thedistributionofndnereIs,andthendnerogeneticlawr.ThegeornagneticfieklisthecomP0siterefledionoftheformati0nanddefortnationofthecrust.Sornagnct-icsLLrVeydatacomPriseirnPortantbasisfordelincatingthearchiteCtonicelements,dCtendningtheirboundarylines,andanalopngthesanndarystrudriineachelernent,whicharetthernaintasks0fgoophySicalworkers.Thegoornagneticdelineati0nofanareahadforlongbodonequalitativeybyobs…     

编制地壳垂直运动速率等值线图的有限元法

根据地壳垂直运动研究中的均衡理论,建立描述地壳垂直运动速率空间分布的数学模型,并提出应用有限元法拟合地壳垂直运动速率面的理论和方法。通过计算验证,说明有限元法可实现对地壳垂直运动速率面的精确逼近,是编制地壳垂直运动速率等值图的有效方法。     

佘山重力垂直梯度偏小的原因及其对大地测量的影响

根据推导的公式计算了由山体质量引起的梯度效应,结果与实测值甚为接近。分析了佘山重力垂直梯度偏小的原因,认为这是由于山体质量分布引起的。最后讨论了垂直梯度偏小对重力值的高度归算和大地水准面的影响。     

红外仪激电仪超前探水技术研究

在１００号矿体工程的斜井开拓中,用构造推断及红外仪激电仪进行超前探水预测预报,经过现场实测、跟踪监测及含水曲线的研究分析,准确预报了前方含水构造部位,防止了水害,加快完成了该矿体的开拓,取得了明显的经济效益。