尾矿坝非饱和带滞水曲线模型的建立及应用

本研究的目的是建立一种简单实用的上游式尾矿坝非饱和带滞水曲线的数学模型。研究方法采用拟合法。在揭示了硬岩尾矿砂的沉积距离与含水率、孔隙比等之间关系的基础上,建立了一种arctanx的函数,用来表征含水率与基质吸力的关系。将本模型应用于降雨入渗条件下饱和-非饱和渗流场分析,结果表明,数学模型与实验数据,具有明显的一致性。研究表明:该数学模型函数简单,适用于上游式尾矿坝。     

Assimilation of IRS-P4 (MSMR) meteorological data in the NCMRWF global data assimilation system

Oceansat-1 was successfully launched by India in 1999, with two payloads, namely Multi-frequency Scanning Microwave Radiometer (MSMR) and Ocean Color Monitor (OCM) to study the biological and physical parameters of the ocean. The MSMR sensor is configured as an eight-channel radiometer using four frequencies with dual polarization. The MSMR data at 75 km resolution from the Oceansat-I have been assimilated in the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) data assimilation forecast system. The operational analysis and forecast system at NCMRWF is based on a T80L18 global spectral model and Spectral Statistical Interpolation (SSI) scheme for data analysis. The impact of the MSMR data is seen globally, however it is significant over the oceanic region where conventional data are rare. The dry-nature of the control analyses have been removed by utilizing the MSMR data. Therefore, the total precipitable water data from MSMR has been identified as a very crucial parameter in this study. The impact of surface wind speed from MSMR is to increase easterlies over the tropical Indian Ocean. Shifting of the positions of westerly troughs and ridges in the south Indian Ocean has contributed to reduction of temperature to around 30‡S.     

湘东地区金与相关元素的背景含量及其演化

湘东地区，除斑岩外，金在各类岩石地层中的背景含量一般都小于地壳金丰度值，各时代地层和岩浆岩中的金背景含量虽有不同，但不存在显著差异。中元古代 与早古生代出现两次金的高含量期，古生代以后金的背景含量缓慢降低；随着时代由老至新，地层中与金相关的元素组合趋向单一；相关程度也逐渐减弱。湘东地区金与相关元素的背景含量及演化特征表明，该区不存在金的矿源层或矿源岩，金矿化主要与断裂活动有关。     

中国煤中的硒

自然煤中硒的含量很低,对我国1315个煤样的分析资料统计,多数煤中硒含量在0.01～11mg/kg,平均约为2mg/kg。硒在煤中的赋存方式较为多样:黄铁矿是硒的重要载体;方铅矿、硒铅矿等含硒矿物亦可出现于煤中;硒还可以被粘土矿物吸附或与煤中有机物缔合。俗称“石煤”的晚古生代炭质泥岩中硒含量较高,利用不当则给人体健康带来危害。     

中国煤中的氯

在煤中诸多微量元素中,氯的含量是比较高的一种元素。全国280个样品分析数据的统计,多数煤中含氯量处于50～500mg/kg,平均约220mg/kg。氯在煤中的赋存状态主要为:氯离子溶于孔隙水中;呈类质同象赋存于其他多种矿物中;独立矿物。煤中氯的较高含量给煤的利用带来的问题近年来引起人们的重视。     

Possible Carbonate Origin of Ore Sulfur from Geumseong Mo Deposit, South Korea

Abstract: In order to know the cause of the high δ³⁴S values of the Korean ore deposits (Ishihara et al., 2000), Geumseong molybdenum skarn deposit and related Jurassic granitoids and Cambro-Ordovician carbonates were selected for the δ³⁴S analyses. Two sulfide samples occurring in hydrothermal veins in fresh granitoids quarry at Songhaksan yielded δ³⁴S values of +6.9 and +8.8 permil. These are slightly higher than +5.3 permil δ³⁴S of the averaged rock sulfides for the Jurassic Daebo granitoids. Pyrite and molybdenite from the Geumseong deposit vary from +8.6 to +11.5 permil (average + 10.7 permil). The intruded carbonates contain very low amount of SSS (structurally substituted sulfate) as 2.9 to 8.1 ppm with high δ³⁴S values between +28.8 and + 40.0 permil, and sulfides sulfur of 52 to 779 ppm with variable δ³⁴S values between +3.2 and +22.5 per–mil. It is concluded that sulfur of the host carbonates was extracted and migrated into the skarn deposit at the time of the granitoid intrusion and the related hydrothermal convection, on the basis of the location of the skarn deposit occurring between the carbonates and Jurassic granitoids, and of very low contents of SSS sulfur in the carbonates. A part of SSS possibly contaminated into the Jurassic granite.     

吐鲁番葡萄果粒增重及糖酸含量变化规律

根据实测资料统计分析表明，吐鲁番盆地4种主栽品种葡萄果粒重、浆果含糖量、成熟系数（糖酸比）与开花后≥15℃积温呈极显著的logistic生长曲线，而含酸量与开花后≥15℃积温呈极显著的指数关系，并据此确定了上述各生长因子或品质因子变化的关键时期。为采取科学的栽培管理技术措施或开展不同用途的葡萄适宜采摘期预测预报工作提供了科学依据。     

Effects of the August 11, 1999 total solar eclipse as deduced from total electron content measurements at the GPS network

We present the results derived from measuring fundamental parameters of the ionospheric response to the August 11, 1999 total solar eclipse. Our study is based on using the data from about 100 GPS stations located in the neighborhood of the eclipse totality phase in Europe. The eclipse period was characterized by a low level of geomagnetic disturbance (D_st-variation from −10 to −20 nT), which alleviated significantly the problem of detecting the ionospheric response to the eclipse. Our analysis revealed a well-defined effect of a decrease (depression) of the total electron content (TEC) for all GPS stations. The delay between minimum TEC values with respect to the totality phase near the eclipse path increased gradually from 4 min in Greenwich longitude (10:40 UT, LT) to 8 min at the longitude 16° (12:09 LT). The depth and duration of the TEC depression were found to be 0.2–0.3 TECU and 60 min, respectively. The results obtained in this study are in good agreement with earlier measurements and theoretical estimates.     

铵含量和氮同位素对成岩成矿环境的示踪

在自然界中除氮气和硝酸根外，氮通常呈化合物铵离子存在，除部分有机质裂解生成的铵以游离吸附状存在于土壤、岩石及热水溶液中外，大部分深源和有机质裂解生成的铵，以固定铵的形式置换钾、钠、钙、铷和锶等存在于矿物中，在成岩成矿以及变质作用过程中，铵均可以进入矿物的晶格。铵替代钾、钠等的数量与岩石形成的环境有着密切关系，氮同位素分馏程度较大，在不同环境中分馏程度明显不同，δ^15N具有较大的分布范围，因此铵含量和氮同位素成为水-岩反应，岩浆来源和结晶，壳-幔相互作用过程和判别成矿物质来源的有效示踪剂之一。     

渠道刚性衬砌层(板)冻胀受力试验与防冻胀破坏研究

对渠道受冻胀时其刚性衬砌层(板)受冻胀力的情况进行了室内模型测试试验, 结果表明: 其边坡衬砌层(板)所受的冻胀力是平行于该衬砌层(板)的切向冻胀力, 该力大小及正负与渠床土含水量沿渠道横断面高度的分布直接相关. 另外, 渠道边坡衬砌层(板)和其下冻土层之间冻结约束的存在与否是边坡衬砌层(板)会不会受冻胀力的必要条件, 若此约束存在, 则可能受冻胀力, 若此约束不存在(被解除), 则其不可能受冻胀力. 从对试验结果的分析中, 还找到了造成渠道刚性衬砌层(板)冻胀破坏的最终原因, 并据此提出了一些针对性很强的防治渠道冻胀破坏的方法.