The Evolutionary History of Ore-forming Processes of Metallic Ore Deposits in Northern Guangxi1

Abstract The northern Guangxi region is an important rare metal, rare earth metal and polymetallic metallogenic province. In the region there exist five metallogenic series and two metallogenic subseries, whose metallogenesis shows features of polycyclic spiral evolution throughout the geological history. As far as various cycles are concerned, mantle-derived ore substances were reduced while crust-derived ore substances increased from early to late times; in the whole geological evolutionary history, mantle-derived substances decreased gradually while crust-derived ones increased. Meanwhile ore element associations became more and more varied. In terms of space, mineralization migrated from the old basement outwards, i.e. from west to east during the Precambrian, and from north to south during the Phanerozoic, and again from east to west during the Yanshanian.     

湖南城步地区重力异常的初步研究

介绍了城步地区重力异常数据处理的几种方法,分析了重力异常及其位场转换后的特征,对重力异常进行了初步解释推断.根据重力异常特征,推断了10条断裂,圈定了兰蓉-谭家坳-照面山、黄坪、洞背和扛口等4处半隐伏岩体;结合地质地球化学综合信息,提出了4处找矿有利地段.通过半定量反演,认为:湖南省内苗儿山岩体与越城岭岩体以及五团岩体与苗儿山岩体在深部不相连.     

皖南天井山金矿床地质-地球化学特征及找矿前景

皖南地区山高林密,地质工作条件差,基础地质工作相对还很薄弱,金矿的找寻工作一直没有取得大的突破.本文选取皖南休宁县天井山金矿为切入点,对该矿床地质、地球化学特征进行了分析,基本理清了本区与金成矿相关的各种因素,对矿床成因进行了剖析,并对其找矿前景作了探讨.系统统计分析区内地层、岩浆岩、矿石的主微量元素、稀土元素特征,讨...     

新一轮就矿找矿

本文简要回顾了二十世纪五、六十年代就矿找矿的历史,进而提出新一轮的就矿找矿。相比之下,新一轮就矿找矿具有新的特点。深部找矿实则是一种就矿找矿,地壳连续成矿理论、深部流体(成矿)作用理论、成矿台阶理论都为新一轮就矿找矿提供了理论依据。深部找矿在国内外初显成效,湘中地区亦有很多成功案例。本文从3个方面总结了深部找矿的一些经验标志,即矿种及矿种组合系列标志、花岗岩成矿专属性标志、幔源成因矿床的鉴别标志。此外,辨别成矿流体的深(幔)源标志、加强成矿规律研究、更新观念、引进新技术新方法,都是实际深部找矿工作中需要注意的。     

Trace element and REE geochemistry of the Zhewang gold deposit,southeastern Guizhou Province,China

The quartz vein-type gold deposits are widely hosted by the Neoproterozoic （Xiajiang Group） epimeta- morphic clastic rock series in southeastern Guizhou Province, China. The Zhewang gold deposit studied in this paper occurs in the second lithologieal member of the Pinglue Formation of the Xiajiang Group. Trace element geochemis- try of host rocks, quartz veins and arsenopyrite has revealed that ore-forming fluid was enriched in sulphophile ele- ments such as Au, Ag, As, Sb, Pb and Zn, and simultaneously concentrated some magmaphile elements such as W and Mo, which probably provides some evidence for multi-stage mineralization or overprinting of magmatic hydro- therm. Quartz veins and arsenopyrite were characterized by depletion in HFSE and enrichment in LREE. Hf/Sm, Nb/La and Th/La imply that the ore-forming fluid was probably a NaC1-H20 solution system enriched in more C1 than F; Th/U values reflect the strong reducibility of the ore-forming fluid, coincident with the sulfide assemblages. The values of Co/Ni reflect that magmatic fluids may have partly participated in the ore-forming process and Y/Ho values have proved that the ore-forming fluid was associated with metamorphism and exotic hydrotherm which has reformed former quartz veins during late mineralization. The concentrations of REE, Eu anomalies and Ce anomalies of this deposit display that ore-forming elements mainly were derived from host rocks and possibly from a mixed deep source, and the ore-forming fluid was mixed by dominant metamorphic fluid and minor other sources. The physical-chemical conditions of ore-forming fluid changed from the initial stage to the late stage. The metamorphic fluid is responsible for the mineralization. Therefore, the Zhewang gold deposit is classified as a quartz vein-type gold deposit which may have been reformed by magmatic fluids during the late stage.     

川滇黔相邻区碳酸盐岩容矿铅锌矿成矿特征

本文对川滇黔相邻区碳酸盐岩容矿铅锌矿成矿特征进行系统总结,并对区域成矿过程进行讨论。该区碳酸盐岩容矿铅锌矿发育3种矿床类型,主要分布在泸定-荥经-汉源、雷波-金阳-巧家-会东、赫章-威宁-水城和会泽-彝良4个矿集区,震旦系和古生代地层为主要容矿层。铅锌矿形成于3个成矿期和3类构造环境:以黑区-雪区铅锌矿床为代表的喷流沉积型(SEDEX型),形成于早寒武世海底地震同生断裂环境;以会泽矿床为代表的与侵入作用有关的碳酸盐岩容矿铅锌银矿床类型(IRCH Pb-Zn-Ag型),形成于晚三叠世前陆早期局部引张环境;以大梁子和天桥矿床为代表的密西西比河谷型(MVT型),形成于前陆晚期冲断挤压环境。与世界其它地方不同,川滇黔相邻区MVT铅锌成矿作用主要发生于早侏罗世。     

小秦岭金矿田多因复成成矿作用过程分析

在小秦岭金矿田基础地质调研的基础上,对地层和岩体含矿性进行分析,并综合多种测试资料（S、Pb、H、O稳定同位素和流体温度）所提供的信息,反演了多因复成成矿作用过程。     

山东龙宝山岩体稀土元素特征及矿源研究

龙宝山岩体是燕山期多阶段岩浆活动形成的中偏碱性杂岩体,其稀土元素特征为:wΣREE为地壳丰度的2.5倍,wLREE/wHREE为地壳的近9倍,轻稀土强烈富集,δEu、δCe均呈弱负异常,各期侵入岩及含金石英脉的稀土元素分布型式基本相似,呈向右陡倾斜线,但石英脉中稀土总量更高、轻稀土更为富集。研究结果表明:岩浆和成矿物质最初可能均来源于上地幔的同一岩浆房,并在岩浆上侵过程中不同程度地同化混染了地壳物质。     

安徽省东至地区金矿类型及找矿方向

安徽省东至地区位于扬子陆块北缘,跨下扬子前陆带和江南隆起带两个次级构造单元,独特的大地构造环境造就了本区有利的金矿成矿地质条件,形成多种类型的金矿床,其成因类型主要包括岩浆热液型和风化壳型,工业类型主要有破碎带蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型、微细粒浸染型及红土型。各类型金矿分类聚集,形成两个主要的金矿成矿带。沿赵家岭断层带以破碎带蚀变岩型为主,伴有含金石英脉型,中畈—戴家一带,赵家岭—杨家山一带均具较大找矿潜力,是本区金矿勘查重点地区,九华庄等地也具一定的找矿潜力;沿高坦断裂以微细粒浸染型为主,伴有破碎带蚀变岩型及红土型,查册桥地区是其重点勘查区,铜锣尖、小河等地找矿潜力也较大。     

胶东金矿集区硫和碳的循环与控矿作用

胶东金矿集区矿石中普遍含金属硫化物和碳酸盐矿物,某些矿床中还见有富含炭质的断裂破碎带.成矿溶液中含有大量的SO4^2-、HCO3^-、CO2和有机质等的含硫和含碳组分.矿石硫同位素组成明显富集重硫,结合胶东金矿主要成矿时期（早白垩世）特殊的地质背景、同期海水硫酸盐δ^34S平均值（约＋16‰）及现代海水沿NE-NNE向断裂倒灌情况,笔者认为,硫的主要来源与海水硫的大量补给有关.而根据碳、氧同位素组成特征分析,形成金矿床中方解石的物源有很大一部分来自前寒武系碳酸盐岩.浅表环境下成矿金属元素及硫、碳等物质在热液对流系统中的大规模循环是成矿的关键,SO4^2-与S2^-之间的临界转化是制约成矿金属元素活化-迁移-聚集的重要因素,而含碳组分（CO3^2-、HCO3^-、CO2和有机质）则有利于Au、Cu、Pb、Zn等元素的活化和迁移,含硫和含碳组分的循环及有关的物理化学反应之间有明显的关联性.