Structural physical parameter identification based on evolutionary-simplex algorithm and structural dynamic response

Evolutionary computation based on the idea of biologic evolution is one type of global optimization algorithm that uses self-adaptation, self-organization and random searching to solve optimization problems. The evolutionary-simplex algorithm is introduced in this paper. It contains floating encoding which combines the evolutionary computation and the simplex algorithm to ovcrcomc the problems encountered in the genetic algorithm and evolutionary strategy methods.Numerical cxpcrimcnts arc performed using seven typical functions to verify the algorithm. An inverse analysis method to identify structural physical parameters based on incomplete dynamic responses obtained from the analysis in the time domain is prcscntcd by using the evolutionary-simplex algorithm. The modal evolutionary-simplex algorithm converted from the time domain to the modal domain is proposed to improve the inverse efficiency. Numerical calculations for a 50-DOF system show that whcn compared with other methods, the evolutionary-simplex algorithm offers advantages of high precision,cfficient searching ability, strong ability to resist noise, independence of initial value, and good adaptation to incomplete information conditions.     

阜康典型荒漠C3植物稳定碳同位素值的环境分析

通过对阜康典型荒漠C3植物稳定碳同位素值的分析。叶片炭同位素值在-23‰和-29‰之间变化,其中主要在-27‰附近波动。这与前人报道的世界上其他地区荒漠植物碳同位素值的变化非常一致。降水可以改变叶片碳同位素值的大小,降水越多,叶片碳同位素值越负,它们的变化幅度有物种的依赖性。叶片碳同位素值也受植物生长形式或期望寿命的影响,木本植物或寿命长的植物叶片碳同位素值要高。分析表明,利用该区土壤或陆相沉积中有机质碳同位素值可以判断气候的干湿变化：土壤或陆相沉积中有机质碳同位素值越高,气候则越干燥。     

System identification of a concrete arch dam and calibration of its finite element model

A magnitude 4.3 earthquake occurred near Pacoima Dam on 13 January 2001. An accelerometer array that had been upgraded after the Northridge earthquake recorded the motion with 17 channels on the dam and the dam–foundation interface. Using this data, properties of the first two modes are found from a system identification study. Modal properties are also determined from a forced vibration experiment performed in 2002 and indicate a significantly stiffer system than is estimated from the 2001 earthquake records. The 2001 earthquake, although small, must have induced temporary nonlinearity. This has implications for structural health monitoring. The source of the nonlinear behaviour is believed to be loss of stiffness in the foundation rock. A finite element model of Pacoima Dam is constructed and calibrated to match modal properties determined from the system identification study. A dynamic simulation of the 2001 earthquake response produces computed motions that agree fairly well with the recorded ones. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using the modal pushover analysis procedure

Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)—a procedure developed for accurate estimation of seismic demand and capacity of structures—requires non‐linear response history analysis of the structure for an ensemble of ground motions, each scaled to many intensity levels, selected to cover the entire range of structural response—all the way from elastic behaviour to global dynamic instability. Recognizing that IDA of practical structures is computationally extremely demanding, an approximate procedure based on the modal pushover analysis procedure is developed. Presented are the IDA curves and limit state capacities for the SAC‐Los Angeles 3‐, 9‐, and 20‐storey buildings computed by the exact and approximate procedures for an ensemble of 20 ground motions. These results demonstrate that the MPA‐based approximate procedure reduces the computational effort by a factor of 30 (for the 9‐storey building), at the same time providing results to a useful degree of accuracy over the entire range of responses—all the way from elastic behaviour to global dynamic instability—provided a proper hysteretic model is selected for modal SDF systems. The accuracy of the approximate procedure does not deteriorate for 9‐ and 20‐storey buildings, although their dynamics is more complex, involving several ‘modes’ of vibration. For all three buildings, the accuracy of the MPA‐based approximate procedure is also satisfactory for estimating the structural capacities for the limit states of immediate occupancy, collapse prevention, and global dynamic instability. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

工作状态下梁及桥梁模态与损伤识别的新方法

工作状态下桥梁结构的模态参数识别是桥梁损伤识别的重要环节,考虑桥梁检测的实用性,桥梁检测一般应建立在环境激励的基础上,已有的环境激励下模态参数识别的方法对模态频率的识别的精度较高,而对位移模态的识别则误差较大。提出了一种利用移动质量块在不同位置时对桥梁的模态频率进行多次测量,用各次测得的频率值确定位移模态的新方法,使得位移模态识别的精度接近频率识别的精度,建立了该方法的初步模型,推导了频率与位移模态关系的理论公式,并通过数值模拟对该方法的有效性进行了说明。     

型钢高强混凝土柱轴压比限值的试验研究

通过20个型钢高强混凝土柱的低周反复加载试验对其受力性能进行了研究，分析了剪跨比、轴压比、配箍率以及混凝土强度对型钢高强混凝土柱延性的影响，提出了不同剪跨比、不同配箍率的型钢高强混凝土柱的轴压比限值。其中，剪跨比大于2．0的型钢高强混凝土柱的轴压比限值由大、小偏心界限破坏时力的平衡条件并结合试验结果确定，而剪跨比小于2．0的型钢高强混凝土柱的轴压比限值则通过与剪跨比大于2．0的型钢高强混凝土柱的延性对比加以确定。     

女山幔源包体及其寄主岩中微量元素和过渡金属元素的研究

对女山碧玄岩、超镁铁岩包体和高压巨晶中微量元素及过渡金属元素进行探讨。研究表明,碧玄岩中ＬＲＥＥ较之ＨＲＥＥ更为富集,其分配型式属ＬＲＥＥ富集型;包体中ＬＲＥＥ较ＨＲＥＥ略显富集之势,分配型式属平坦型,这与地幔具有平缓的ＲＥＥ模式相符,其中略富ＬＲＥＥ与碧玄岩对应。碧玄岩、包体和高压巨晶中过渡金属元素具有不同的分配型式。但是不管在碧玄岩与包体之间,还是在巨晶与碧玄岩之间,某些过渡金属元素的含量都具有相关关系。可见,碧玄岩与包体具有成因联系,巨晶与碧玄岩也具有成因联系。     

Nature and role of CO2 in some hot and cold HCO3/Na/CO2-rich Portuguese mineral waters: a review and reinterpretation

 At the northern part of the Portuguese mainland, the upflow zone of several hot and cold HCO₃/Na/CO₂-rich mineral waters is mainly associated with important NNE–SSW faults. Several geochemical studies have been carried out on thermal and non-thermal hydromineral manifestations that occur along or near these long tectonic alignments. The slight chemical differences that exist between these meteoric hot and cold HCO₃/Na/CO₂-rich mineral waters seem to be mainly caused by CO₂. δ¹³C_(TIDC) values observed in these groundwaters range between –6.00 and –1.00‰ versus V-PDB (V denotes Vienna, the site of the International Atomic Energy Agency; PDB originates from the CaCO₃ of the rostrum of a Cretaceous belemnite, Belemnitella americana, collected in the Peedee formation of South Carolina, USA) indicating a deep-seated (mantle) origin for most of the CO₂. Nevertheless, in the case of the heavier δ¹³C_(TIDC) values, the contribution of metamorphic CO₂ or the dissolution of carbonate rock levels at depth cannot be excluded. Concerning the hot waters, the lack of a positive ¹⁸O-shift should be attributed to water-rock interaction in a low temperature environment, rather than to the isotopic influence of CO₂ on the δ¹⁸O-value of the waters. Received: 9 August 1999 · Accepted: 8 March 2000     

病态总体最小二乘问题的谱修正迭代法

针对病态问题岭估计法及正则化方法存在破坏方程的等量关系、解是有偏估计的问题,在最小二乘谱修正迭代法的基础上,提出病态总体最小二乘问题的谱修正迭代法,并推导了总体最小二乘谱修正迭代法及其改进算法的具体公式。通过算例验证和阐明了TLS谱修正迭代法在病态问题中的有效性和易受迭代初值影响的缺点。     

纯球坐标系内各项重力校正值计算方案和计算过程

在国内,首次阐述了"纯球坐标系内各项重力校正值的计算方案和计算过程"。该计算方案有如下优点:①以观测点P为中心,以球面距离am=am-1+Δa.bm-1(m=2,3,…,M)为半径将计算区划分为M个环带,再以Δλ0为由P点出发射线的角度间隔将所有环带等分为N(整数)份的计算区划分方案是最严密拼接,因而校正值的计算精度相当高。②在地形复杂和相对高差大的情况下,通过减小Δa、b和Δλ0数值,可进一步提高计算精度。③可以直接采用带有经、纬度坐标的高程数据,进行大面积测区的各项重力校正值计算,而不受6°带和标准图幅限制。