高速公路工程中水泥搅拌桩桩身合理设计强度研究

在公路工程的搅拌桩地基设计中,一般假设加固区桩土变形协调,从而采用复合地基理论进行设计。但是目前许多的工程实践表明在路堤荷载作用下,搅拌桩地基桩土之间存在差异沉降,桩身强度不能够完全发挥,为此需要对复合模量的表达式进行改进。本文采用有限元分析了路堤荷载作用下搅拌桩地基的变形响应情况,分析了加固区桩间土变形与桩身模量之间关系,得到了水泥土搅拌桩强度的合理范围。     

VTI介质中非线性对地震波频率和频宽变化的约束

采用改进型FCT有限差分法分别模拟各向同性、具有垂直对称轴的横向各向同性(VTI)以及非线性VTI介质中地震波场,随后采用小波分析探讨VTI介质中非线性对地震波频率和频宽变化的约束.数值模拟及分析结果表明：介质各向异性会引发地震记录中各波型的能量随炮检距的变化,而介质各向异性与非线性的耦合作用则会进一步加剧这种变化.在遵守能量守恒原理的前提下,介质的非线性会引发地震波场中各波型间能量的再分配.同时还会引发地震波速度的波动,且随着入射角的增大,波动幅度变小.这些现象在频率域内的响应表现为主频和频宽的降低或增大、地震记录中与各波型相对应的瞬时主频和频宽峰值出现时刻的偏移以及它们随炮检距变化而表现出的幅值波动.在本文给定的弱非线性介质中（非线性炽较薄且远离震源）,在震源能量较低的情况下,介质的非线性效应会造成地震波瞬时主频和频宽相对于线性介质情况分别为1/10～1/4和1/10～1/3左右的变化量.此外,随着入射波能量的下降,介质非线性所造成的地震波瞬时特征（振幅、主频、频宽）的变化量减小,但随着地震波在穿越非线性介质时路径的加长,非线性作用的累积效应使得波形畸变和频率分布特征的变化（尤其是频宽）等现象得以维持.     

气象电视传媒服务技术的自动化处理

通过电视传播气象资讯已经成为气象服务社会的一个重要渠道。气象电视传媒服务技术旨在实现电视自动播放本地化实时气象服务信息,以满足公众及时而直观地了解当地气象资讯的需求和政府相关部门等用户参与发布信息的工作需求。主要研究的内容有:1信息自动生成处理技术(气象信息自动采集、用户互联网信息发布以及信息自动转化为视频、图像、文字的处理技术);2实时气象信息向特定终端的自动传输技术。     

Elastic wave propagation in an irregularly layered medium

The indirect boundary element method (IBEM) is used to simulate wave propagation in two-dimensional irregularly layered elastic media for internal line sources. The method is based on the integral representation for scattered elastic waves using single layer boundary sources. Fulfillment of the boundary conditions leads to a system of integral equations. Results are obtained in the frequency domain and seismograins are computed through Fourier synthesis. In order to test and validate the method we present various comparisons between our results and the time series obtained analytically for a buried line source in a half-space and by using the recently developed spectral element method (SEM).     

反射波法检测水泥搅拌桩的可行性和方法研究

水泥搅拌桩作为桩基础的一种特殊形式,在软土地基地区已被广泛应用。由于其桩身纵波波速远低于混凝土桩的波速,且长径比一般较小及桩身均质性等问题,所以应用于混凝土桩的小应变反射波检测方法是否可以应用于对水泥搅拌桩进行检测,在测桩界尚存在分歧意见。作者从理论上分析了反射波法的本质,指出波阻抗差异,分辨率和波长的关系是反射波法的要害。本文讨论了长径比的实际意义及其与一维波动理论的关系．提出了水泥搅拌桩“桩身质量“的新观点。从理论分析和实际检测结果资料的讨论出发．肯定了反射渡完全可以对水泥搅拌桩进行检测,并总结了实际检测过程中的方法技术。     

The design of visco‐acoustic weighted L1‐error frequency–space wavefield extrapolators

Seismic imaging is an important step for imaging the subsurface structures of the Earth. One of the attractive domains for seismic imaging is explicit frequency–space (f – x) prestack depth migration. So far, this domain focused on migrating seismic data in acoustic media, but very little work assumed visco‐acoustic media. In reality, seismic exploration data amplitudes suffer from attenuation. To tackle the problem of attenuation, new operators are required, which compensates for it. We propose the weighted L ₁ ‐error minimisation technique to design visco‐acoustic f – x wavefield extrapolators. The L ₁ ‐error wavenumber responses provide superior extrapolator designs as compared with the previously designed equiripple L ₄ ‐norm and L_∞‐norm extrapolation wavenumber responses. To verify the new compensating designs, prestack depth migration is performed on the challenging Marmousi model dataset. A reference migrated section is obtained using non‐compensating f – x extrapolators on an acoustic dataset. Then, both compensating and non‐compensating extrapolators are applied to a visco‐acoustic dataset, and both migrated sections are then compared. The final images show that the proposed weighted L ₁ ‐error method enhances the resolution and results in practically stable images.     

尼泊尔地震中樟木镇自建框架地震灾变机理研究

2015年尼泊尔遭受了4次7级以上大地震灾害,对我国西藏局部地区产生了重大影响。由于我国樟木镇是中尼两国的重要通商口岸,在此区域建造了大量尼泊尔式自建RC框架结构。通过对这些自建框架结构的震害调查,结合其独特的建造方式和结构特点,分析其抗震受灾能力,研究在地震作用下该类框架结构的地震破坏规律和致灾机理。研究结果表明:该类自建框架结构的构件承载能力利用率高,经济效益好,但安全储备小;地震破坏模式主要以框架柱失效和填充墙开裂为主;房屋建造层数对其地震致灾影响较大,该类房屋宜为1~7层;该类建筑结构抗震性能优越,适合在我国低烈度地区推广应用。研究成果对指导我国乡镇自建房屋的抗震规划及建设具有重要意义。     

3D P‐wave traveltime computation in transversely isotropic media using layer‐by‐layer wavefront marching

Subsurface rocks (e.g. shale) may induce seismic anisotropy, such as transverse isotropy. Traveltime computation is an essential component of depth imaging and tomography in transversely isotropic media. It is natural to compute the traveltime using the wavefront marching method. However, tracking the 3D wavefront is expensive, especially in anisotropic media. Besides, the wavefront marching method usually computes the traveltime using the eikonal equation. However, the anisotropic eikonal equation is highly non‐linear and it is challenging to solve. To address these issues, we present a layer‐by‐layer wavefront marching method to compute the P‐wave traveltime in 3D transversely isotropic media. To simplify the wavefront tracking, it uses the traveltime of the previous depth as the boundary condition to compute that of the next depth based on the wavefront marching. A strategy of traveltime computation is designed to guarantee the causality of wave propagation. To avoid solving the non‐linear eikonal equation, it updates traveltime along the expanding wavefront by Fermat's principle. To compute the traveltime using Fermat's principle, an approximate group velocity with high accuracy in transversely isotropic media is adopted to describe the ray propagation. Numerical examples on 3D vertical transverse isotropy and tilted transverse isotropy models show that the proposed method computes the traveltime with high accuracy. It can find applications in modelling and depth migration.     

基于黏声介质的角度域高斯束逆时偏移方法研究

高斯束逆时偏移是一种兼具计算效率和成像精度的深度域成像方法,能够面向目标成像.地下介质中黏滞性普遍存在,利用传统各向同性或完全弹性的成像方法处理黏滞性探区的数据会降低分辨率,并导致成像位置不准确和振幅欠估计等问题.本文在高斯束逆时偏移的基础上,通过对震源点和检波点处的波场进行衰减补偿,并结合高斯束求解时的角度信息,实现了黏声介质角度域高斯束逆时偏移方法.最后通过模型和实际资料试算对本文方法的正确性和适用性进行了验证.试算结果表明:相比于声波高斯束逆时偏移,本文方法能够对黏滞性引起的吸收衰减进行有效补偿,同时提取的角度域共成像点道集(ADCIGs)不仅可以用于分角度叠加成像压制成像噪声,而且能够为后续的偏移速度分析提供支撑.     

地震事件新媒体矩阵传播特征分析

政务新媒体是解决政府信息公开、应对舆情和提升服务能力的一把金钥匙,建立媒体矩阵是提升地震系统新媒体整体覆盖力、传播力、影响力、公信力的有益尝试,是解决地震事件应对过程中信息快速发布、快速辟谣的有效方式。作者通过对地震事件新媒体矩阵现状、发展特征、存在问题进行分析,提出发展趋势判断及建议。