The Formation and Evolution of the Lujiang-Zongyang Volcano-Structural Depression in Anhui and Its Relation to Mineralization

The Lujiang-Zongyang volcano-structural depression resulted from the combined action of tectonism and volcanism. Its evolution progressed through five stages from 190 to 105 Ma B.P., during which nine types of metal and pyrite deposits were formed. These deposits show obvious regularities in the temporal-spatial distribution and have certain genetic relation, forming a minerogenetic series related to shoshonite within or around the volcano-structural depression on the basement that sank for a long period of time. This paper suggests a four-dimensional model of the formation and evolution of a typical volcano-structural depression and its related mineralizalion in a transition belt from the active margins to the inner part of a plate under alternating shear-compressive and shear-extensional stress conditions, but predominantly shear-extensional stress conditions.     

中国钛矿成矿地质特征与资源潜力评价

钛金属因其性能特殊和用途广泛而被称之为"第三金属"。中国钛矿资源丰富,占世界总资源储量的24.46%,但多为含钛量偏低的原生矿,高品位优质钛矿的需求只能通过进口来满足,导致中国钛的对外依存度偏高,为此,需要进一步总结规律,分析潜力,为今后地质找矿工作提供借鉴。本文根据中国钛矿的成矿特征,将钛矿划分为岩浆型、变质型、风化型和(第四纪)沉积型4种类型。其中,岩浆型矿床主要为岩浆分异作用形成的钛铁矿-磁铁矿(钛磁铁矿),分布较广,主要集中于攀西地区近SN向基性—超基性岩带和华北地台北缘近EW向基性-超基性岩带;变质型矿床与区域变质作用关系密切,较为重要的是榴辉岩(榴闪岩)型金红石矿床,主要受控于高压/超高压变质带;风化型矿床受控于富Ti原岩和高温多雨的气候环境,多产于湿热的云南和广西;滨海沉积型矿床则沿海分布,主要分布在海南岛的东岸。本次钛矿资源潜力评价工作在全面总结全国钛矿成矿规律的基础上,圈定111个3级预测区并估算资源潜力,包括A类预测区22个,B类预测区27个,C类预测区62个;笔者最后优选了12个预测区并进行了详细评价,建议做为今后钛矿的找矿部署优先考虑的重点远景区。     

南岭地区两种类型盆地的压实流体系统及其矿化作用

盆地构造演化—流体系统—矿化作用是矿床学研究的前缘课题。盆地演化的特征直接影响盆地沉积建造的结构特征。建造结构和地球化学特征对压实流体系统的温度场、动力场、地球化学场和矿化作用产生决定性的影响。滇东南白牛厂早古生代盆地是典型的裂谷式凹陷盆地,上万米厚的黑色页岩与上部碳酸盐岩和砂岩组合有利于矿化的压实流体系统的形成,形成了白牛厂式超大型银多金属矿床。粤北晚古生代盆地为地台型浅海盆地,沉积物主要由透水性较好的粗碎屑物质和碳酸盐岩组成,沉积建造厚度较薄。数字模拟结果表明,粤北盆地压实流体系统难以形成较高的地热储和流体势,流体只能在沉积层的特殊部位汇聚并形成红岩型低温黄铁矿矿床。     

Geological characteristics and metallogenic prognosis of main gold deposit in Altai gold ore belt, Xinjiang

Altai polymetallic mineralization belt is famous copper-polymetallic mineralization belt in the world. There are a lot of gold deposits in the Altai ore belt in Xinjiang, China. These gold deposits belong to two genetic types: volcanogene late-stage hydrothermal type and fractured altered rock type. The authors discuss mainly the geological and mineralized features of fractured altered rock type of gold deposits in Altai gold ore belt. Base on this study, the metallogeniC law is summarized and the deep metallogenic prognosis has been done in Duolanasayi and Tuokuzibayi gold deposits, and some mineralized anomalys have been discovered.     

水洗油层的分析与评价

众所周知,三叠系长2油层在鄂尔多斯盆地广泛存在,层内具有工业油流,且含有不同程度的水。志丹县周河乡钻遇的长2油层却与其他地区的长2油层有一个很大的差异,即化探好、取心好、解释好、出油差(几乎未见油)。对于这样一批砂体分布广泛,有效厚度大的油井,为何会出现“三好一差”的现象,笔者作了分析与评价。     

Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au成矿系统的地质特征及其研究意义

CuˉMoˉPbˉZnVAgˉAu成矿系统是最常见的热液矿床的成矿元素组合之一,在世界上广泛分布。其成矿作用通常表现为不同矿种和不同类型的矿床在一定的范围内共生组合,构成成矿系列,并具有较好的分带性。成矿系统的形成多与高钾钙碱性岩浆作用有关,是同一成矿流体体系随时间演化或不同成矿流体体系在同一空间叠加的产物。该成矿系统的研究对于深入了解成矿作用的动力学和矿产资源评价都具有重要的意义。     

Cause-Effect Analysis in Assessment of Mineral Resources

Cause-effect analyses is a deterministic methodology intended for processing qualitative (e.g. texts, conventional maps) and mixed, qualitative and quantitative, data. The main idea, employed in cause-effect analysis, is the plurality and interaction of causes. This idea is described by mathematical logic formulae that can be converted into a single Boolean equation. The latter represents a mathematical model of a general shape of cause-effect relations for the study problem. In particular, such a model can express relations between some property of the mineralization and features of other geological phenomena. By processing data, logical dependencies satisfying to the theoretical model are determined in a data file. These dependences, expressed by Boolean function formulae, describe cause-effect relations for a case study, and they are used for predicting. Software realizing the cause-effect analysis is an expert system with artificial intelligence capabilities. There are two methods of using the cause-effect analysis in assessment of mineral resources. The first method consists in detecting the regularity in locations of known mineral deposits and occurrences with the following using the regularity formula for generation of predictive maps. The second method is the evaluation of individual mineral occurrences by obtained Boolean formulae expressing cause-effect relations between deposit sizes and geological environment of deposits. Both methods are illustrated by case studies of predicting gold-bearing deposits of Middle Asia in the former USSR.     

云南个旧矿区卡房矿田遥感地质综合信息成矿预测

在云南个旧矿区卡房矿田地质特征研究的基础上，分析了该矿田的遥感线性构造特征、环形(弧形)构造特征及线环构造组合特征，通过等值线法显示和计算遥感综合信息量，由遥感综合信息量频数曲线图的拐点确定了找矿信息临界值为7．5和15．划分了一、二两级找矿远景单元，类比已知成矿区，最后提出了五个成矿预测区。     

开合构造概述

随着板块构造学说的盛行，原生洋观点成为当时的主流。但根据中国的地质实际发现，中国古生代及其以来代表洋壳的蛇绿岩似乎都是元古宙陆壳裂开的产物，随之提出表明再生洋观点的手风琴式运动及岩石圈开合的理念，并逐步发展成为开合构造。本文简述了开合构造的由来和发展、研究的主要内容和现状，读者从中可了解开合构造的概貌。     

内蒙古东苏旗南部金矿控矿和预查选区分析

东苏旗南部处于内蒙古中部地槽褶皱系。区内韧-脆性剪切变质构造发育，由北至南形成3条大型韧-脆性剪切带，控制着区内所有金矿床(点)和金矿化带的分布，矿(化)体产状与韧性剪切带的大体相同，并受韧性剪切带控制。呈板状或条带状分布的具有片麻状构造和塑变流的花岗岩和闪长岩的古岩体与金矿关系最为密切，它不仅为成矿提供金等成矿物质和成矿热能，而且是区内金矿脉的直接围岩。经过长期而复杂的构造．岩浆演化，形成石英脉、蚀变岩、糜棱岩等具有剪切带特征的系列金矿床，从北至南可划分出3条金矿成矿带。在预查选区上，框定了从带入手，以带找区，再以区找体的思路。