湖北大别山区土地资源生产力估算

本文以湖北大别山区为例,提出了自然条件复杂,资料缺乏的山区土地资源第一性生产力的估算方法,并计算了湖北大别山区土地资源的生产力。即在土地资源带及类型(组合)区划分的基础上,以资源类型(组合)区为基本单元,通过典型地区抽样获取资料,运用多种数学模型测算,并经过综合判定,求得各类型(组合)区,资源带主要作物的第一性生产力。     

Nonseismic phenomena in the generation and augmentation of tsunamis

While earthquakes generate about 90% of all tsunamis, volcanic activity, landslides, explosions, and other nonseismic phenomena can also result in tsunamis. There have been 53 000 reported deaths as a result of tsunamis generated by landslides and volcanoes. No death tolls are available for many events, but reports indicate that villages, islands, and even entire civilizations have disappeared. Some of the highest tsunami wave heights ever observed were produced by landslides. In the National Geophysical Data Center world-wide tsunami database, there are nearly 200 tsunami events in which nonseismic phenomena played a major role. In this paper, we briefly discuss a variety of nonseismic phenomena that can result in tsunamis. We discuss the magnitude of the disasters that have resulted from such events, and we discuss the potential for reducing such disasters by education and warning systems.     

几个天然矿物中某些阳离子近邻结构的EXAFS研究

本文利用EXAFS方法对镁铝榴石、几种锰矿和不同铁含量的闪锌矿中有关阳离子的近邻结构进行了研究,得到了有关阳离子在相应矿物中的近邻结构参数.对闪锌矿的研究,得到了杂质Fe绝大部分以六配位的形式存在的结果,这与传统的观点不同;提出了闪锌矿不仅可作为地质温度计,还可能作为地质温度、压力变化记录仪的设想。     

湖南矿产资源形势分析与对策研究

湖南省不少矿产按地均资源占有量,高于全国平均水平,是国内矿产资源丰富和矿产最多的省份之一。从湖南的自然条件、经济条件、区位优势、资源地位、发展水平等方面分析,利用丰富的矿产资源发展湖南经济不失为一条重要的途径。要获取资源开发的总体效益和最佳效益的关键,是实现勘查、开采、加工三位一体化,发展多种形式,多层次的开发网络,面向国内、国外两大市场,加强资源综合利用、综合治理,才能把矿产資源优势转化为经济优势。     

The nature and distribution of fluids during amphibolite facies metamorphism, Naxos (Greece)

On the basis of fluid inclusion evidence, pervasive influx of deep-seated CO₂-rich fluids has been invoked to account for mid- to upper amphibolite facies (M2_B) metamorphism on the island of Naxos (Cyclades, Greece). In this paper, mineral devolatilization and melt equilibria are used to constrain the composition of both syn- and post-peak-M2_B fluids in the deepest exposed levels of the metamorphic complex. The results indicate that peak-M2_B fluids were spatially and compositionally heterogeneous throughout the high-grade core of the complex, whereas post-peak-M2_B fluids were generally water-rich. The observed heterogeneities in syn-M2_B fluid composition are inconsistent with pervasive CO₂-flushing models invoked by previous workers on the basis of fluid inclusion evidence. It is likely that few CO₂-rich fluid inclusions on Naxos preserve fluids trapped under peak metamorphic conditions. It is suggested that many of these inclusions have behaved as chemically open systems during the intense deformation that accompanied the uplift of the metamorphic complex. A similar process may explain the occurrence of some CO₂-rich fluid inclusions in granulite facies rocks.     

药用矿物资源研究方向

侧重于传统医学药用矿物特定品种资源的研究,完善了矿物药研究的内容,是应用矿物学的重要课题之一。着重分析了药用矿物研究方向和相应研究方法。地道药材传统产地的考证及其典型样品的对比研究是基础工作。传统品种资源现状的经济地质研究,稀缺品种的资源调查,著名中成药、矿物药制剂矿物原料的资源研究,药用矿物地方资源的开发利用,特定地区地方病防治药物的资源调查,均需借助典型样品产地地质地球化学背景资料和矿物学标志,即矿物组份、化学成分(主次元素及微量元素)、成因等资料;新开发品种的资源研究更需配合药理分析和跟踪临床效果而提出的资源筛选。     

叠层石与沉积矿产的关系

本文通过笔者实际考察资料及国内外学者研究资料,综合分析了叠层石与沉积矿产关系的研究现状,探讨了叠层石和造叠层石底栖微生物群落对铁、铜、多金属、磷、锰等矿产的成矿作用。叠层石可以溉括为直接的和间接的两种成矿作用:①叠层石为容矿体,其本身就是一种矿石类型;②叠层石不含矿,其岩礁为矿的间隔体。后者是一种金属硫化物避开叠层石岩礁而在礁侧沉积成巨大的富矿模式。     

含水矿物的电子探针定量分析

本文对含水矿物电子探针定量分析方法进行探讨,提出了从除水外各组分测定的和值中推算含水量并将其水量参与各组分浓度的校正计算。此法简便易行,提高了含水矿物定量分析的准确度,特别是对富含水矿物尤其重要。此外,本文对不稳定含水矿物的测试方法也作了一些研究。