纳米比亚罗辛地区矿化白岗岩铀矿物学研究及意义

罗辛矿床为世界级白岗岩型铀矿床,存在SJ、SH、SK、Z17、Z19等多个矿（化）带,各矿（化）带矿物组合存在较大差异,但系统的矿物学研究程度不高。本次工作通过岩矿鉴定、扫描电镜观察、电子探针分析等方法,系统研究罗辛地区主要矿（化）带铀矿物共生组合及赋存状态。结果显示,白岗岩矿化按矿物组合可划分为3类: ①晶质铀矿+锆石+磷灰石组合,主要分布在Z17、Z19、SJ矿床（带）;②铀石 、铀钍石+榍石+磷灰石组合,主要分布在SH矿床;③贝塔石组合,主要分布在SK、SH矿床。研究区铀成矿可划分为3个期次：岩浆期、热液期、表生淋积期。岩浆期为主成矿期,研究区晶质铀矿电子探针化学年龄为505±11 Ma,代表岩浆期成矿年龄。SH应进一步寻找铀石、铀钍石+榍石+磷灰石组合矿化白岗岩。     

滇东南官房钨矿床矽卡岩矿物学特征及其地质意义

官房钨矿床位于滇东南薄竹山W多金属矿集区,是近年来新发现的大型白钨矿床。矽卡岩多产于层间破碎带,呈似层状、透镜状和脉状,一般不与花岗岩体接触而形成远端矽卡岩（深部揭露有少量产于接触带）,矽卡岩矿物发育。为进一步查明矽卡岩矿物学和矿物化学特征,揭示矽卡岩形成环境,探讨矽卡岩与矿化类型之间的关系,笔者采集了KT3近端矽卡岩与KT5远端矽卡岩进行对比,通过开展系统的矿物学镜下观察,利用EMPA进行石榴子石成分分析,LA-ICP-MS对典型的矽卡岩矿物进行了单矿物分析。研究表明,官房钨矿床矽卡岩属典型钙质矽卡岩,矽卡岩矿物主要有石榴子石、辉石、符山石等,其中石榴子石为钙铝榴石-钙铁榴石系列,辉石为透辉石-钙铁辉石系列,符山石属普通符山石。由近端矽卡岩向远端矽卡岩,石榴子石主要成分由钙铝榴石向钙铁榴石转化;辉石几乎全部为透辉石向透辉石、钙铁辉石的组合转化,石榴子石与辉石的特征表明矿床的矽卡岩由还原型矽卡岩转为氧化型矽卡岩;KT5形成条件较KT3氧逸度更高,两者流体交代方式以扩散交代为主。石榴子石、辉石端员组分及Mn/Fe、Mg/Fe比值稍高的特征,综合指示其矿化类型属于铁铜锌等多金属矿化类型;符山石中较低的w（W）可作为钨矿找矿标志。     

机器学习与成矿预测:以闽西南铁多金属矿预测为例

作为近年来爆炸式发展的方法模型,机器学习为地质找矿提供了新的思维和研究方法.本文探讨矿产预测研究的理论方法体系,总结机器学习在矿产预测领域的特征信息提取和信息综合集成两个方面的应用现状,并讨论机器学习在矿产资源定量预测领域面临的训练样本稀少且不均衡、模型训练中缺乏不确定性评估、缺少反哺研究、方法选择等困难和挑战.进一步...     

中国"东部高原"东北部黏土矿物特征研究

通过对"东部高原"东北部地区中侏罗统—白垩系中黏土矿物分析,结果显示黏土矿物的组合及含量变化能够较好反映当时的气候、物源以及古地理变化;同时,伊利石结晶度不具有随地层深度发生变化的规律。黏土矿物组合以及伊利石结晶度在东部高原隆升与消亡前后,发生了比较明显的变化,这从另一方面反映了东部高原的存在。     

云南澜沧老厂银铜铅锌矿床地质特征及成因研究

云南澜沧老厂银铜铅锌多金属矿床为我国西南三江地区著名的多金属矿床,对该矿床的成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、围岩蚀变特征以及矿床分带特征进行了详细的论述,对众说纷纭的矿床成因进行了总结。     

应用计算机进行固体矿产储量计算,提高地质工作水平

Windos XP版储量计算程序是作者90年代DOS版的全面升级。该程序按照目前地质工作普遍采用的公式和做法,符合现行规范规定和要求。程序对储量计算中矿体圈定等难点解决较好。该程序已经多个矿区应用检验,最近又为南非英铂公司采用推广。     

刚果(金)矿产资源与矿业投资环境

在实施"走出去"战略和推进"一带一路"倡议的背景下,近年中资企业在国际矿业投资领域得到了快速发展。刚果(金)铜、钴、金刚石、锡、钽铌等矿产的资源量在全球占有重要地位,加之近年政府吸引和鼓励外来投资的利好政策,使之成为全球最火的矿业投资热土之一。从区域地质、矿产资源及开发现状、基础设施、矿业投资环境等方面对刚果(金)的地质矿产概况进行了梳理。钴和铜是刚果(金)最丰富的2种金属矿产,集中分布在南部加丹加地区。铜钴矿业开发活跃,是刚果(金)重要的经济支柱。加丹加地区是刚果(金)经济发展和基础设施最好的地区之一,也是最佳矿业投资选择。当前,电力短缺问题是制约刚果(金)矿业发展的主要因素,未来随着布桑加水电站和大英加水电站的建成,电荒问题也将得到逐步解决。刚果(金)作为当下全球矿业投资的热土,虽然在政治环境、社会治安、矿业政策等方面存在一定的投资风险,但近年中国和刚果(金)不断发展的外交关系是中资企业在刚果(金)开展合作投资的重要保障。在当前刚果(金)加入"一带一路"倡议的大背景下,未来应继续加强中刚两国产能合作,促进中刚矿业合作可持续发展。     

胶州湾双壳类壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成及影响因素

探讨影响双壳类元素组成的可能因素,从胶州湾沿岸不同取样点采集黄海近海常见的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarum)、褶牡蛎(Oystrea denselamellosa)和紫贻贝(Mytilus galloprovincialis),分别测量了3种壳体的矿物物相类型和壳体中的Ca,Mg,Mn,Sr元素组成。研究表明:3种壳体分别属于文石质、方解石质和混合质壳;Ca,Mn元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔、褶牡蛎和紫贻贝壳体中没有差别,而Mg元素含量在菲律宾蛤仔壳体中含量较低,在褶牡蛎壳体和紫贻贝壳体中含量较高,Sr元素恰好与Mg元素相反。双壳类壳体中元素组成主要受壳体矿物物相类型的制约,而与水体环境要素之间的关系弱。     

Thermobarometric constraints on pressure variations across the Plattengneiss shear zone of the Eastern Alps: implications for exhumation models during Eoalpine subduction

Forward and inverse mineral equilibria modelling of metapelitic rocks in the hangingwall and footwall of the Plattengneiss, a major shear zone in the Eastern Alps, is used to constrain their tectonometamorphic evolution and assess models for their exhumation. Forward (pseudosection) modelling of two metapelitic rocks suggests a steep clockwise P–T path with a near‐isothermal decompression segment from a pressure peak at ~18–19 kbar and 670 °C to the metamorphic peak at 680–720 °C and 11–13 kbar. A subsequent decrease to 600–645 °C and 8–9 kbar is inferred from the late growth of staurolite in some samples. Conventional thermobarometric calculations (inverse modelling) on 18 samples with the inferred peak assemblage garnet + plagioclase + muscovite + biotite + quartz + rutile ± ilmenite ± kyanite are associated with large 2σ uncertainties, and absolute pressures calculated for all samples are statistically indistinguishable. However, calculations constraining relative pressure differences (ΔP) between samples sharing a common mineral assemblage are associated with much smaller uncertainties and yield pressure differences that are statistically meaningful. Although the overall pattern is complicated, the results suggest a pressure gradient of up to 3 kbar across the shear zone that is consistent with volume loss and a model of exhumation related to slab extraction for the Plattengneiss shear zone.     

Strategic elements in the Fort Cooper Coal Measures: potential rare earth elements and other multi-product targets

Abstract

Mineral matter in coals has been found to host valuable elements including germanium, lithium and rare-earth elements (REE), but such content of Australian coals remains under-explored. The aim of this paper is to provide a proof-of-concept study that determines elemental concentrations in the mineral matter of the high-ash, Fort Cooper Coal Measures (FCCM), Bowen Basin, Queensland. Coal in the FCCM has good coking properties but has not been extensively explored owing to its high ash content. This study performs a preliminary assessment of the elements from the coal portion that would typically become waste after washing or combustion. Given that the needs for industrial extraction methods will change over time, cataloguing and documenting the elemental composition of coal may assist future development of multiple products for the benefit of both the coal and mineral industries. This preliminary study has revealed similar elevations of REE and higher-than-average crustal concentrations of lithium, bismuth and scandium in some of the samples. Further analyses will be required on a larger dataset to better understand elemental associations and explore spatial patterns of elemental content that may indicate localised enrichments. Understanding the potential of valuable elements in the FCCM may stimulate interest in multiple-product-coal (or elemental-coal) mining in this under-exploited resource and further encourage the reduction of waste from other Australian coals at the wash-plant stage.