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991.
John Selden Burke W. Judson Kenworthy Lisa L. Wood 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,81(4):533-543
Estimates of abundance and size of three commercially exploited grunt species indicate ontogenetic changes in habitat utilization concentrate their juveniles within the lagoon of the Bay of La Parguera, Puerto Rico. Eleven biotopes, defined by four benthic structures (reef, mangrove, vegetation beds and unconsolidated sediments) and three geographic zones (inner lagoon, outer lagoon and bank shelf) were sampled randomly by visual surveys. French, bluestriped and white grunt (Haemulon flavolineatum, Haemulon sciurus and Haemulon plumeri) were common in the bay and appeared to exhibit similar life history patterns of cross-shelf migration and habitat selection. Recently settled grunts were dispersed over vegetated and unconsolidated soft-bottom sediments of the bay. The juvenile stage occurred in highest densities in shallow lagoon biotopes among the submerged prop-roots of mangrove stands and on inshore reefs. Length data indicates that grunts migrate offshore to adult habitat via increasingly deep reefs. Indices of biotope nursery function based on standing stock estimates of juveniles identified three biotopes, all within the inner lagoon as essential habitat for juveniles of 5–10 cm length interval. This concentration of juveniles within biotopes of the lagoon could represent a bottleneck to recruitment for grunt stocks. Evidence that quantity and quality of lagoon nurseries may limit recruitment indicates that these areas represent a key component of a marine protected area designed to restore fisheries within the bay. 相似文献
992.
P. Ruggiero D.J.R. Walstra G. Gelfenbaum M. van Ormondt 《Coastal Engineering》2009,56(11-12):1153-1172
A coupled waves–currents-bathymetric evolution model (DELFT-3D) is compared with field measurements to test hypotheses regarding the processes responsible for alongshore varying nearshore morphological changes at seasonal time scales. A 2001 field experiment, along the beaches adjacent to Grays Harbor, Washington, USA, captured the transition between the high-energy erosive conditions of winter and the low-energy beach-building conditions typical of summer. The experiment documented shoreline progradation on the order of 10–20 m and on average approximately 70 m of onshore sandbar migration during a four-month period. Significant alongshore variability was observed in the morphological response of the sandbar over a 4 km reach of coast with sandbar movement ranging from 20 m of offshore migration to over 175 m of onshore bar migration, the largest seasonal-scale onshore migration event observed in a natural setting. Both observations and model results suggest that, in the case investigated here, alongshore variations in initial bathymetry are primarily responsible for the observed alongshore variable morphological changes. Alongshore varying incident hydrodynamic forcing, occasionally significant in this region due to a tidal inlet and associated ebb-tidal delta, was relatively minor during the study period and appears to play an insignificant role in the observed alongshore variability in sandbar behavior at kilometer-scale. The role of fully three-dimensional cell circulation patterns in explaining the observed morphological variability also appears to be minor, at least in the case investigated here. 相似文献
993.
994.
995.
Keita W. Suzuki Akihide Kasai Takane Isoda Kouji Nakayama Masaru Tanaka 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008
To assess the potential of stable isotope ratios as an indicator of fish migration within estuaries, stable isotope ratios in important zooplankton species were analyzed in relation to estuarine salinity gradients. Gut contents from migratory juveniles of the euryhaline marine fish Lateolabrax japonicus were examined along the Chikugo River estuary of the Ariake Sea, which has the most developed estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) in Japan. Early juveniles in March and April preyed primarily on two copepod species; Sinocalanus sinensis at lower salinities and Acartia omorii at higher salinities. Late juveniles (standard length > 40 mm) at lower salinities preyed exclusively on the mysid Acanthomysis longirostris until July and complementarily on the decapod Acetes japonicus in August. These prey species were collected along the estuary during the spring–summer seasons of 2003 and 2004, and their carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) were evaluated. The δ13C values of prey species were distinct from each other and were primarily depleted within and in close proximity to the ETM (salinity < 10); S. sinensis (−26.6‰) < Acanthomysis longirostris (−23.3‰) < Acartia omorii (−21.1‰) < Acetes japonicus (−18.5‰). The overall gradient of δ13C with salinity occurred for all prey species and showed minor temporal fluctuations, while it was not directly influenced by the δ13C values in particulate organic matter along the estuary. In contrast to δ13C, the δ15N values of prey species did not exhibit any clear relationship with salinity. The present study demonstrated that δ13C has the potential for application as a tracer of fish migration into lower salinity areas including the ETM. 相似文献
996.
997.
微细浸染型金矿床成矿机制新探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对微细浸染型金矿床矿物流体包裹体的化学组成、金矿物的化学成分、主要共、伴生矿物组合的研讨,结合该类型矿床的成矿环境及金氢化物、金合金氢化物、金羰基化合物的物理化学性质,认为金氢化物、金合金氢化物、金羰基化合物是微细浸染型金矿床金的主要迁移形式。它们从地球深部富氢、富CO强还原环境,随岩浆、热液、热气迁移至地壳浅部,由于压力、温度、pH值下降、Eh值上升,氢、CO逃逸,氧化、分解形成微粒金矿物,沉淀富集形成金矿床。此后,如再发生地质构造、地壳演化运动,微粒金矿物可重新活化,进行接力式迁移、叠加富集。 相似文献
998.
在较详细分析华东地区1970年以来中等地震活动规律的基础上,对华东地区中等地震活动条带及迁移规律进行了研究,发现该地区的中等地震活动具有由西向东的整体性迁移特征,其迁移速率约25 km/a,可能起源于地幔应力波.对华东地区而言,目前东部的北西向条带北部,是未来最有可能出现"关门"地震的区域.该项研究为地震趋势的判断提供了一种参考. 相似文献
999.
1000.
In geographical research the data of interest are often in the form of counts. Standard regression analysis is inappropriate for such data, but if certain assumptions are met, a form of regression based on the Poisson distribution can be used. This paper illustrates the use of Poisson regression in the computer package GLIM with an example from historical geography. Apprentice migration to Edinburgh is regressed on a combination of categorical, count, and continuous explanatory variables. 相似文献