基于? -SVR算法的隧道围岩位移演化规律预测

针对目前广泛应用的灰色理论、遗传算法(GA)和人工神经网络(ANN)等方法预测隧道稳定性的缺陷，提出应用稳健性能较好的? -SVR（support vector machine）算法对非对称连拱隧道围岩位移演化规律进行预测研究。应用加速混合遗传算法搜索? -SVR最优参数，以提高? -SVR的预测能力。将预测结果与灰色理论、BP神经网络预测结果进行比较，显示? -SVR算法学习和预测精度高。     

主动变刚度阻尼多振型半主动控制研究

探讨了开关型半主动控制算法的研究现状,基于单步状态预测控制律,提出了针对高层建筑多自由度结构体系AVS/D(主动变刚度阻尼)多振型开关控制律。通过算例仿真分析与其它开关控制律作了比较,结果表明这种开关控制律是可行的、有效的。特别是在多自由度结构体系振动过程中有多个振型同时在受控结构的反应中起主要作用时,本文提出的开关控制律比其它振型开关控制律有更好的控制效果。     

气象因子对金花梨生长发育的影响

通过试验研究,探讨主要气象因子在唐河县的变化规律和对金花梨生长发育的影响,研究金花梨在遭受灾害性天气影响时,采取相应的技术措施,确保金花梨的高产、稳产。     

试论如何依法管理地震科技档案

对地震科技档案目前在收集、接收等常规管理中存在的问题和如何解决这些问题进行了详细论述。认为,只有实现了档案材料形成积累和收集整理过程的一体化,才可保障档案材料的齐全完整,实现依法管理。     

Turbidite bed thickness distributions: methods and pitfalls of analysis and modelling

Turbidite bed thickness distributions are often interpreted in terms of power laws, even when there are significant departures from a single straight line on a log–log exceedence probability plot. Alternatively, these distributions have been described by a lognormal mixture model. Statistical methods used to analyse and distinguish the two models (power law and lognormal mixture) are presented here. In addition, the shortcomings of some frequently applied techniques are discussed, using a new data set from the Tarcău Sandstone of the East Carpathians, Romania, and published data from the Marnoso‐Arenacea Formation of Italy. Log–log exceedence plots and least squares fitting by themselves are inappropriate tools for the analysis of bed thickness distributions; they must be accompanied by the assessment of other types of diagrams (cumulative probability, histogram of log‐transformed values, q–q plots) and the use of a measure of goodness‐of‐fit other than R², such as the chi‐square or the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics. When interpreting data that do not follow a single straight line on a log–log exceedence plot, it is important to take into account that ‘segmented’ power laws are not simple mixtures of power law populations with arbitrary parameters. Although a simple model of flow confinement does result in segmented plots at the centre of a basin, the segmented shape of the exceedence curve breaks down as the sampling location moves away from the basin centre. The lognormal mixture model is a sedimentologically intuitive alternative to the power law distribution. The expectation–maximization algorithm can be used to estimate the parameters and thus to model lognormal bed thickness mixtures. Taking into account these observations, the bed thickness data from the Tarcău Sandstone are best described by a lognormal mixture model with two components. Compared with the Marnoso‐Arenacea Formation, in which bed thicknesses of thin beds have a larger variability than thicknesses of the thicker beds, the thinner‐bedded population of the Tarcău Sandstone has a lower variability than the thicker‐bedded population. Such differences might reflect contrasting depositional settings, such as the difference between channel levées and basin plains.     

浙东南火山银矿成矿规律

本文综合了以往有关勘查和研究成果,总结浙江省江山—绍兴深断裂以南中生代火山岩区火山银矿床、点的时空分布、中型银矿床定位、成矿物质来源、成矿温度、矿石有用组分的垂直分带、矿物垂直分带、近矿围岩蚀变分带、矿体原生晕、稳定同位素、火山岩下的基本底物质组成差异与银矿的成矿关系等统计规律与成矿系列,认为浙东南火山岩区仍有良好的火山银（金、铅锌）矿找矿远景。     

Land rights in conservation areas in Tanzania

Conflicts arise increasingly in Tanzania which involve claims in land located in conservation areas. These conflicts arise, in many cases, between members of the local communities and the state authorities in charge of the conservation areas. They concern customary land rights both of pastoral and of agricultural communities, a topic which also touches upon their identities. The article investigates the legal dimension of these disputes by discussing the law governing conservation areas in the wider context of land tenure legislation. Within this context, the legal framework of conservation areas is discussed from both historical and contemporary perspectives. Nature conservation must respect the needs of the local population affected. It is therefore argued that concepts of community-based conservation should be developed further to work towards the goal of integrating nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

土壤重金属(镉、铅、铜)化学形态的地理分异研究*

文章以我国9种主要类型土壤和同一地域的棕壤和四种褐土亚类以及红壤带中的非地带性土壤,如酸、中、石灰性紫色土,探讨了在不同自然地理条件下的土壤中,重金属Cd、Pb、Cu形态赋存状态及形态的分异特征,如土壤Pb的水溶态、交换态和弱结合态的相对百分含量随土壤地理带的分布,具南高北低、东高西低的分异规律。而同一地域各亚类的土壤间差异相对较微小。也探讨了土壤性质,如pH值、有机质与土壤重金属形态区域分异的关系,从而揭示了土壤重金属Pb等元素的形态在南北和东西方向土壤序列中的区域性分异规律。     

经济工作的主观愿望与客观实践

实践观点是马克思列宁主义认识论的第一和基本的观点。在经济工作中,坚持实事求是和一切从实际出发的工作作风和思想方法,按经济规律办事,勇于实践和探索,以科学的态度、切实可行的方法,追求经济工作的主观愿望与客观实践的完美统一。     

The Henry's Law Constants of the Haloacetic Acids

Henry's law constants K_H (mol kg^-1 atm^-1) have been measured between 278.15 K and 308.15 K for the following organic acids: CH₂FCOOH (ln(K_H[298.15 K]) = 11.3 ± 0.2), CH₂ClCOOH (11.59 ± 0.14), CH₂BrCOOH (11.94 ± 0.21), CHF₂COOH (10.32 ± 0.10), CHCl₂COOH (11.69 ± 0.11), CHBr₂COOH (12.33 ± 0.29), CBr₃COOH (12.61 ± 0.21), and CClF₂COOH (10.11 ± 0.12). The variation of K_H with temperature was determined for all acids except CH₂FCOOH and CBr₃COOH, with _r H° for the dissolution reaction ranging from –85.2 ± 2.6 to –57.1 ± 2.5 kJ mol^-1, meaning that their solubility is generally more sensitive to temperature than is the case for the simple carboxylic acids. The Henry's law constants show consistent trends with halogen substitution and, together with their high solubility compared to the parent (acetic) acid (ln(K_H[298.15 K]) = 8.61), present a severe test of current predictive models based upon molecular structure. The solubility of haloacetic acids and strong dissociation at normal pH mean that they will partition almost entirely into cloud and fog in the atmosphere (0.05–1.0 g H₂O m^-3), but can reside in both phases for the liquid water contents typical of aerosols (10^-5-10^-4 g H₂O m^-3).