相山火山盆地岩石稀土元素分布特征及其成因探讨

本文通过对相山火山盆地基底震旦系浅变质岩、盖层火山岩稀土元素分布特征的研究,探讨相山火山岩的物质来源及岩石成因,认为相山火山岩主要是上部地壳重熔的产物,其岩石成因应属于重熔型花岗岩的范畴。     

利用有机包裹体探讨塔里木盆地依奇克里克构造带下侏罗统油气运移与油气藏的存储条件

本文主要是对塔里木盆地库车坳陷东部的依奇克里克构造、克拉苏及吐格尔明三个构造带砂岩储层中包裹体进行了研究。利用包裹体的均一温度、有机包裹体的显微镜荧光特征、气相色谱、激光拉曼的成分分析,重点讨论了依奇克里克构造带成藏条件。通过对研究区储层中包裹体研究结合油气藏的分布特征认为在库车坳陷东部储层物性不是油气成藏的关键因素,封存条件才是控制该区油气能否成藏的决定因素。断层断在地层内部,对成藏有利,而地层产状较直立,断层直通到近地表,油气沿断层向上运移逃逸,包裹体是最好的证据。由储层包裹体温度、荧光特征和成分上的差异显示出在依奇克里克构造带至少有二次油气运移,第一期有机质低成熟时有过少量的油气运移,大量的油气运移是第二期。爆裂法进行群体包裹体气相色谱分析结果,显示出两个高峰区域,两个高峰区分别反应了轻烃与重烃“C”数上的差异,利用了514nm 和785nm两个激光波长,进行了激光拉曼分析,其测试结果显示出,断层开启的样品包裹体中 H_2O 都很高,CO_2含量很低,断层封闭的样品 H_2O 部很低,CO_2含量高,以次来判别储层的封闭条件。     

重庆地区非海相下-中侏罗统界线研究

对重庆地区下-中侏罗统界线地层进行了划分,进一步证实Coniopteris 属不同种的大量出现和蚌壳蕨科多个属的同时存在可视为中侏罗世的标志,双扇蕨科植物中Thaumatopteris属、Dictyophyllum nathorsti 等都不越过下-中侏罗统界线,而且Classopollis 花粉含量在界线附近的巨大波动也可确定下-中侏罗统界线的大致位置.依据界线的古植物标志和自流井组可划分两个沉积层序,提出区内下-中侏罗统的界线置于该组东岳庙段与马鞍山段之间,并以云阳水市口下-中侏罗统界线剖面为界线层型.     

1999年夏季上海地区洪涝灾害的成因分析

着重从气候背景及南亚季风、南海季风、副热带高压、赤道辐合带和中纬度阻塞系统异常等方面分析了１９９９年上海地区夏季（６～８月）异常特多降水的成因,指出以上这些都是造成上海夏季降水特多的主要因素。     

A comparison between mesospheric wind measurements made near Christchurch (44°S, 173°E) using the high resolution doppler imager (HRDI) and a medium frequency (MF) radar

We report on the comparison of winds measured by a medium frequency (MF) radar near Christchurch, New Zealand, and by the high resolution doppler imager (HRDI). Previous comparisons have demonstrated that there can be significant differences in the winds obtained by the two techniques, and our results are no different. However, these data show relatively good agreement in the meridional direction, but large differences in the zonal direction, where the radar is regularly measuring the zonal wind as too easterly. To do the comparison, overpasses from the satellite must be obtained when it is close to the radar site. The radar data are averaged in time around the overpass because we know the radars sample phenomena which have spatial and temporal scales which make them invisible to HRDI. There are a limited number of overpass comparisons which limit our confidence in these results, but a detailed analysis of these data show that the proximity of the overpass is often an important factor in the differences obtained. Other factors examined include the influence of the local time of the overpass, and the amount of radar data averaged around the overpass time.     

Letter to the editor A strange cloud in the Arctic summer stratosphere 1998 above Esrange (68°N), Sweden

When the University of Bonn lidar on the Esrange (68°N, 21°E), Sweden, was switched on in the evening of July 18, 1998, a geometrically and optically thin cloud layer was present near 14 km altitude or 400 K potential temperature, where it persisted for two hours. The tropopause altitude was 4 km below the cloud altitude. The cloud particles depolarized the lidar returns, thus must they have been aspherical and hence solid. Atmospheric temperatures near 230 K were approximately 40 K too high to support ice particles at stratospheric water vapour pressures of a few ppmv. The isentropic back trajectory on 400 K showed the air parcels to have stayed clear of active major rocket launch sites. The air parcels at 400 K had travelled from the Aleutians across Canada and the Atlantic Ocean arriving above central Europe and then turned northward to pass over above the lidar station. Parcels at levels at ±25 K from 400 K had come from the pole and joined the 400 K trajectory path above eastern Canada. Apparently the cloud existed in a filament of air with an origin different from those filaments both above and below. Possibly the 400 K level air parcels had carried soot particles from forest wild fires in northern Canada or volcanic ash from the eruption of the Korovin Volcano in the Aleutian Islands.     

准噶尔盆地东北缘中-下侏罗统层序地层与油气

通过对边缘露头、钻井和地震等资料的综合层序地层分析,划分出下八道湾、上八道湾、三工河和西山窑等4个层序以及湖退体系域(RST)、湖进体系域(TST)、高位体系域(HST)和冲积体系域(AST)等四种类型的9个体系域.层序形成主要受控于构造作用和湖水进退.RST中形成区域上广布的工业煤层;TST中的粗粒退积型辫状三角洲沉积体系中发育很好的储层.快速湖进形成的TST与构造长期稳定形成的HST反复叠置构成良好的生储盖组合.     

Influence of contaminated Vistula River water on the groundwater entering the Zakrzówek limestone quarry, Cracow region, Poland

 Chemical composition of water inflows in the Zakrzówek quarry, developed in fractured and karstified Upper Jurassic limestones, is controlled by infiltration of polluted water from the Vistula River and by infiltrating meteoric water. The river water TDS value is 2.5 g/dm³. The quarry waters have 0.6–2.0 g/dm³ TDS. Highly mineralised waters belong to Cl-Na type. With decreasing TDS the percentage of sulphates, calcium, magnesium and hydrocarbonates increases. This seems to result from various processes including dilution of polluted river water, leaching of aquifer rocks, and ion exchange. The transfer time of river water to the quarry is about 100–120 days. Concentration of contaminants contained in the river water declines during the migration through limestones to the quarry. Received: 7 March 1997 · Accepted: 7 December 1998     

东营凹陷中始新统上部-上始新统层序地层模式及其石油地质意义

通过识别沉积基准面旋回产生的层序界面,东营凹陷中始新统上部-上始新统可划分出四个层序。各层序具有相似的成因和体系域构成。其低位域 (LST)发育辫状河、下切水道-浊积扇、扇三角洲、废弃型三角洲和水下扇。湖泊扩张体系域 (EST)发育由深湖泥岩、油页岩、白云岩、滨浅湖组成的湖泊体系、破坏型三角洲及曲流河体系。湖泊萎缩体系域 (RST)发育浅湖、河流三角洲体系及扇三角洲体系。由于同一层序在盆地发育的构造部位不同,可以表现出三种层序样式 :A位于构造坡折带之下的深湖-三角洲环境层序样式,B、位于构造坡折带之上的下切水道-浅湖环境层序样式和C、位于湖域之外的河流-泛滥平原环境层序样式。并在综合研究的基础上建立了东营凹陷中始新统上部-上始新统层序的成因模式。指出在每个三角洲主朵体的前方同生断裂带及其靠近洼陷一侧是低位砂体的主要发育区,也是低位砂体油藏的富集区和寻找隐蔽油藏的主要方向。