黄河中游夏季降水异常的先兆特征和预测方法

本文利用黄河中游61站降水资料,分析了其变化规律和同期及前期环境场特征,并建立了夏季降水预测模型。研究发现：黄河中游夏季降水具有显著的年际变化特征,显著周期在3年左右;黄河中游夏季降水主要受到同期东亚高空急流、西太平洋副热带高压(以下简称副高)以及贝加尔湖附近低槽的影响,当急流和副高偏强（弱）偏北（南）、贝加尔湖附近高度场偏低（高）时,黄河中游降水偏多（少）。另外,前期秋季南方涛动指数、北非副热带高压（20°W~60°E）、南海副热带高压（100°~120°E）、北半球副高强度及北半球极涡强度发生异常时,对夏季环流产生影响,从而影响黄河中游夏季降水,据此,建立预测模型。评估发现该模型具有较强的预测能力,可用于黄河中游夏季降水的定量预测。     

西天山海西中期花岗岩的地质特征及其构造环境

海西中期花岗岩是西天山加里东褶皱带内规模最大的一次岩浆活动。本文从岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学和地球化学等方面对该期花岗岩的成因类型、岩浆起源和形成的构造环境进行了探讨，认为海西中期花岗岩以Ｉ型为主，Ｓ型次之，在空间上成对分布，花岗岩浆起源于地壳；海西中期花岗岩形成于活动大陆边缘岛孤环境．     

河南省电子政务空间信息服务系统建设与典型应用

介绍了河南省电子政务空间信息服务系统的项目背景、系统总体设计，论述了数据处理与集成建库所涉及的一些关键技术，并以中原城市群空间信息服务系统为典型应用，作了进一步的探讨。     

The Nippon/Norway Svalbard Meteor Radar: First results of small-scale structure observations

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｔｌａｔｉｔｕｄｅｓａｒｏｕｎｄ 80°Ｎａｎｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｅｓｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ /ｌｏｗｅｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅ (ＭＬＴ) ,ｔｈｅｒｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｆｅｗｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｎｅｕｔｒａｌｄｙｎａｍｉｃｓ.ＡｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｗａｓｓｅｅｎｆｏｒｌｏｎｇｔｅｒｍｃｏｎｔｉｎｕａｌｍｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇａｎｄａＶＨＦｍｅｔｅｏｒｒａｄａｒｗａｓｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄａｓｂｅｉｎｇａｍｏｓｔｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｉｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔ.ＲａｄａｒｓｌｉｋｅｔｈｅＥＩＳＣＡ…     

QUANTITATIVE MODELING OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT IN MIDDLE CHANGJIANG RIVER FROM MODIS

1INTRODUCTIONThe quality of water is traditionally determined by col-lectingwatersamplesandanalyzingthesamplesin a lab-oratory. However, sampling is very much hard sledding,time-consuming, slow and expensive, and easily in thecontrol of weather conditions, and does not include allwater areas. Satellite estimates of water quality havefound widespread application. Remote sensing instru-ments have been applied in water quality monitoringwith varying success (DANA and RICHARD, 1999;RUDD…     

A middle surface concept (MSC) model for saturated sands in general stress space

An elastoplastic constitutive model is proposed for saturated sands in general stress space using the middle surface concept (MSC). In MSC, different features of stress–strain response of a material are divided into different pseudo‐yield surfaces. The true‐yield surface representing the true response is established by using various links between the yield surfaces. In this MSC sand model, several well‐known features of sand response are represented by three different pseudo‐yield surfaces, which are developed in a simple and straightforward way. These features include the critical state behaviour, the effects of state parameter, unloading and reloading plastic deformation, the influence of fabric anisotropy, and phase transformation line related behaviour. Finally, the model predictions and test results are compared for two different types of sands under a variety of loading conditions and good comparisons are obtained. The application of MSC to saturated sand modelling shows the versatility of MSC as a general concept for modelling stress–strain response of materials. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Diagenetic signatures of stratal surfaces in the Upper Jurassic Fulmar Formation, Central North Sea, UKCS

Sedimentation rate and changes in relative sea level affect early diagenetic cementation along key stratal surfaces within the deeply buried Upper Jurassic Fulmar Formation, South Central Graben, UKCS. As a result of the bioturbated nature of the shallow marine strata, variations in ichnofabrics and cross-cutting relationships between trace fossils are important in identifying and correlating stratal surfaces. Two transgressive and two regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries were studied, using petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical techniques. Cements, including early diagenetic pyrite framboids, grain-rimming apatite, microcrystalline dolomite and ankerite, occur at, above and immediately below both transgressive and forced regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries. Breaks or subdued rates of sedimentation associated with both types of surfaces meant that the sediment package resided within early diagenetic zones for prolonged periods of time, enhancing diagenetic reactions at and below the surfaces. The distribution of ankerite, despite being a deep-burial cement, was primarily controlled by concentrations of bioclasts that are particularly abundant at transgressive surfaces. The diagenetic character of the forced regressive surfaces/sequence boundaries is more complex than that of the transgressive surfaces, both in terms of mineralogy and paragenesis. This is attributed to the superimposition of diagenetic assemblages as a result of erosion, re-sedimentation and sediment by-passing. Although the diagenetic signature of the surfaces has been modified by dissolution/replacement reactions during deep burial, early diagenetic signatures can still be distinguished.     

Thresholds of geographic environmental elements in sediment yield of drainage basins

Threshold of environmental elements in drainage basin sediment yield refers to, under effect of climate, underlying surface and human activity, a turning point of abrupt changes in drainage sediment yield related to environmental element characteristics. Previous studies on threshold of sediment yield of relevant drainage basins were mainly concentrated on impact of natural zones with a few researches on impact of other environmental elements. Particularly studies on compound environmental element threshold in drainage basin sediment yield remain blank today. Studies indicate that sediment yield in drainage basins is affected by compound interactions and complex actions. Based on single element analysis, the present paper gives quantitatively compound threshold of environmental elements affecting sediment yield of the drainage basin between Hekouzhen and Tongguan in the middle Yellow River by the method of multi-variant, polynomial formula regression analysis.     

Geochemical discriminations of sandstones from the Mohe Foreland basin,northeastern China: Tectonic setting and provenance

The Mohe region near the border area of China with Russia is in Heilongjiang Province. Topographically the area consists of lower mountains or hills situated at the northern end of the Da Hinggan Mountains. Struc-turally the Mohe basin rests on the north margin of the Ergun Block, and the Mongol-Okhotsk Orogen is lo-cated to the north of the basin. Due to poor access conditions and good vegetation coverage, previous researches on the basin are much weak with few spe-cial geological inves…