论直流激发极化法的视电阻率参数

直流激发极化法,计算视电阻率的一次场采集于供电方波的末端时间,从而包含了被激发形成的二次场。在高极化率地质体上,得到的视电阻率将削弱其低阻特性或放大高阻特性。为此,建议在野外工作中,应对所采集的一次场作适当的处理后,再计算视电阻率,以降低这种影响。     

Preconditioned IDR(s) iterative solver for non‐symmetric linear system associated with FEM analysis of shallow foundation

Non‐associated flow rule is essential when the popular Mohr–Coulomb model is used to model nonlinear behavior of soil. The global tangent stiffness matrix in nonlinear finite element analysis becomes non‐symmetric when this non‐associated flow rule is applied. Efficient solution of this large‐scale non‐symmetric linear system is of practical importance. The standard Krylov solver for a non‐symmetric solver is Bi‐CGSTAB. The Induced Dimension Reduction [IDR(s)] solver was proposed in the scientific computing literature relatively recently. Numerical studies of a drained strip footing problem on homogenous soil layer show that IDR(s = 6) is more efficient than Bi‐CGSTAB when the preconditioner is the incomplete factorization with zero fill‐in of global stiffness matrix K_ep (ILU(0)‐K_ep). Iteration time is reduced by 40% by using IDR(s = 6) with ILU(0)‐K_ep. To further reduce computational cost, the global stiffness matrix K_ep is divided into two parts. The first part is the linear elastic stiffness matrix K_e, which is formed only once at the beginning of solution step. The second part is a low‐rank matrix Δ, which is re‐formed at each Newton–Raphson iteration. Numerical studies show that IDR(s = 6) with this ILU(0)‐K_e preconditioner is more time effective than IDR(s = 6) with ILU(0)‐K_ep when the percentage of yielded Gauss points in the mesh is less than 15%. The total computation time is reduced by 60% when all the recommended optimizing methods are used. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Passive microwave remote sensing of the historic February 2010 snowstorms in the Middle Atlantic region of the USA

The snowfall in the Baltimore/Washington metropolitan area during the winter of 2009/2010 was unprecedented and caused serious snow‐related disruptions. In February 2010, snowfall totals approached 2 m, and because maximum temperatures were consistently below normal, snow remained on the ground the entire month. One of the biggest contributing factors to the unusually severe winter weather in 2009/2010, throughout much of the middle latitudes, was the Arctic Oscillation. Unusually high pressure at high latitudes and low pressure at middle latitudes forced a persistent exchange of mass from north to south. In this investigation, a concerted effort was made to link remotely sensed falling snow observations to remotely sensed snow cover and snowpack observations in the Baltimore/Washington area. Specifically, the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer onboard the Aqua satellite was used to assess snow water equivalent, and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder were employed to detect falling snow. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer passive microwave signatures in this study are related to both snow on the ground and surface ice layers. In regard to falling snow, signatures indicative of snowfall can be observed in high frequency brightness temperatures of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit‐B and Microwave Humidity Sounder. Indeed, retrievals show an increase in snow water equivalent after the detection of falling snow. Yet, this work also shows that falling snow intensity and/or the presence of liquid water clouds impacts the ability to reliably detect snow water equivalent. Moreover, changes in the condition of the snowpack, especially in the surface features, negatively affect retrieval performance. Copyright © 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.     

微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测定铁和铝的研究

研究了低功率微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法（ＭＰＴ－ＡＥＳ）对Ｆｅ，Ａｌ的测定。样品经气动雾化后，分别以流动注射与连续式两种方式引入ＭＰＴ。考察了用这两种进样方式时ＭＰＴ－ＡＥＳ的分析性能，证明低功率ＭＰＴ－ＡＥＳ具有良好的分析特性。     

涡旋诱发重联模型（Ⅰ）——动力学特性

本文首先从理论上系统地研究了涡旋诱发重联的基本动力学特性.包括:涡旋诱发重联的物理机制;Kelvin-Helmholtz（K-H）不稳定性和撕裂模不稳定性耦合过程;磁流体涡管的基本特性;不同尺度涡旋间的相互作用,动能和磁能间的转化及准稳态时流线、磁力线、等涡度线和等电流密度线的相似性等.用二维MHD数值模拟方法研究了上述一些特性,并与理论分析结论进行了比较.结果表明,模拟结果证实了理论推论.涡旋诱发重联是产生局部磁场重联的重要机制之一,该模型在磁顶区的应用将另文发表.     

新丰江水库区1989年11月26日4.5级地震的主要特征

本文总结分析了发生在新丰江水库老震区，距1962年6.1级主震27年的1次4.5级地震的活动和特点，认为此次4.5级地震及其伴生的小震群仍系新丰江水库诱发地震序列的中晚期强余震。     

Eolian deposition determined by the oxygen plasma furnace

The oxygen plasma furnace enables small samples of clastic sediment to be separated from filter papers at low temperatures without physical or chemical alteration of the sediment. This technique provides a suitable treatment for processing very small samples of alpine eolian sediment, enabling their grain size distribution, mineralogy, and origin to be determined.     

Recent advances in solar radio physics

We review high spatial resolution microwave observations of solar active regions, coronal loops and flares. Observations of preflare active regions are presented; in particular we discuss the interpretations of reversal of polarization at the flare site and the role of newly emerging flux in triggering the onset of flares. We discuss the spatial locations of microwave burst emitting regions; loops or arcades of loops appear to be the sites of flare energy release in microwave bursts. We provide direct observational evidence of magnetic reconnection as the primary cause of acceleration of electrons in microwave bursts.     

Application of stress-pore pressure coupling theory for porous media to the Xinfengjiang reservoir earthquakes

Theory of the coupling of stress-pore pressure in the saturated, elastic porous media is used in the study of the formation mechanism of the Xinfengjiang reservoir-induced earthquakes. Based on the results, it is believed that compared with the mechanism of additional stress in the vicinity of the reservoir, the mechanism of the coupling of additional stress and pore pressure may be more well-founded for the occurrence of reservoir-induced earthquakes.