桐柏—大别山高压超高压变质带

桐柏—大别山高压超高压变质带自南向北可划分为３个带：绿帘－蓝片岩相变质带，高压榴辉岩相变质和超高压榴辉岩相变质带，超高压变质带形成于加里东期洋壳俯冲作用过程中，而前两个高压变质带则是印支期陆－陆俯冲－碰撞作用的产物。     

Kinetics of the reaction of nitrogen dioxide with ozone

The kinetics of the reaction of NO₂ with O₃ have been investigated at 296 K, using UV absorption spectroscopy to monitor decay of NO₂ or O₃ and infrared laser absorption spectroscopy to monitor formation of the reaction product N₂O₅. The results both for the rate coefficient at 296 K (k ₁=3.5×10^-17 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1) and the reaction stoichiometry (NO₂/O₃=1.85±0.09) are in good agreement with previous studies, confirming that the two step mechanism involving formation of symmetrical NO₃ as an intermediate is predominant.% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaeOtaiaab+% eadaWgaaWcbaGaaeOmaaqabaGccqGHRaWkcaqGpbWaaSbaaSqaaiaa% bodaaeqaaOWaa4ajaSqaaaqabOGaayPKHaGaaeOtaiaab+eadaWgaa% WcbaGaae4maaqabaGccqGHRaWkcaqGpbWaaSbaaSqaaiaabkdaaeqa% aaaa!41D7!\[{\text{NO}}_{\text{2}} + {\text{O}}_{\text{3}} \xrightarrow{{}}{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}} + {\text{O}}_{\text{2}} \]% MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaaeOtaiaab+% eadaWgaaWcbaGaae4maaqabaGccqGHRaWkcaqGobGaae4tamaaBaaa% leaacaqGYaaabeaakiabgUcaRiaab2eadaGdKaWcbaaabeGccaGLsg% cacaqGobWaaSbaaSqaaiaabkdaaeqaaOGaae4tamaaBaaaleaacaqG% 1aaabeaakiabgUcaRiaab2eaaaa!4464!\[{\text{NO}}_{\text{3}} + {\text{NO}}_{\text{2}} + {\text{M}}\xrightarrow{{}}{\text{N}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}}_{\text{5}} + {\text{M}}\]A possible minor role for the unsymmetrical ONOO species is suggested to account for the lower-than-expected stoichiometry factor. The importance of this reaction in the oxidation of atmospheric NO₂ is discussed.     

Water-Soluble dicarboxylic acids, ketoacids and dicarbonyls in the atmospheric aerosols over the southern ocean and western pacific ocean

Water-soluble dicarboxylic acids (DCAs), ketoacids, and α-dicarbonyls in the marine aerosol samples collected over the Southern Ocean and western Pacific Ocean were determined. Oxalic acid was the most abundant species, followed by malonic acid and then succinic acid. It is suggested that aerosol concentrations of the organics over the Southern Ocean in this work represent their global background levels. Over the Southern Ocean, total concentrations of DCAs ranged from 2.9 to 7.2 ng m⁻³ (average: 4.5 ng m⁻³), ketoacids from 0.14 to 0.40 ng m⁻³ (av.: 0.28 ng m⁻³), and dicarbonyls from 0.06 to 0.29 ng m⁻³ (av.: 0.11 ng m⁻³). Over the western Pacific, total concentrations of DCAs ranged from 1.7 to 170 ng m⁻³ (av.: 60 ng m⁻³), ketoacids from 0.08 to 5.3 ng m⁻³ (av.: 1.8 ng m⁻³), and dicarbonyls from 0.03 to 4.6 ng m⁻³ (av.: 0.95 ng m⁻³). DCAs over the western Pacific have constituted a large fraction of organic aerosols with a mean DCAs-C/TC (total carbon) of 7.0% (range: 0.59–14%). Such a high value was in contrast to the low DCAs-C/TC (av.: 1.8%; range: 0.89–4.0%) for the Southern Ocean aerosols. Based on the relative abundances and latitudinal distributions of these organics, we propose that long-range atmospheric transport is more important over the western Pacific Ocean, in contrast, in situ photochemical production is more significant over the Southern Ocean although absolute concentrations of the organics are much lower.     

Is the Ogcheon metamorphic belt of Korea the eastward continuation of the Nanhua Basin of China?

The Ogcheon metamorphic belt in central Korea has been interpreted to be the eastward extension of the Nanhua Basin (aulacogen) of southeast China. In this paper, comparisons are made between the two regions based on stratigraphic, thermal-tectonic and other considerations. From this comparison, correlation of geological events between the Nanhua Basin and Ogcheon metamorphic belt are at best equivocal. The closest similarity is the presence in both regions of two major diamictite units, of glacial origin and Neoproterozoic age (750–690 Ma range) in China but of controversial origin and uncertain age in Korea. Volcanic rocks in both regions appear to have similar petrological and geochemical traits and are interpreted to be rift-related. However, their ages are different, mostly 795–780 Ma in the Nanhua Basin and c. 750 Ma in central Korea, so correlation remains uncertain. More isotopic data from both regions may shed light on this comparison. Correlation between other pre-Carboniferous stratigraphic units in the two regions is hampered by the uncertainty about the stratigraphic age and succession in the Ogcheon metamorphic belt, stemming mainly from the absence of fossils and the strong tectonic–metamorphic overprint. Both regions appear to have undergone deformation and metamorphism during the Middle Triassic (Indosinian, Songrim), in some uncertain way related to the collision between the North and South China plates. In the Ogcheon metamorphic belt, there has been no confirmation of a Mid Palaeozoic event, but in the Nanhua Basin that event is recorded by stratigraphic and palaeogeographic evidence. In the Nanhua Basin, there is no evidence for an Early Permian metamorphic event that appears, on isotopic grounds, to have affected the Ogcheon metamorphic belt. This apparent difference has been interpreted as a result of diachronous deformation during Late Palaeozoic–Early Mesozoic plate collisions that took place earlier in the east, in Korea, than in the west in China.     

大陆深俯冲过程中的流体-岩石相互作用——中国大陆科学钻探主孔氧同位素剖面

中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔深5158m，位于苏鲁超高压变质带南部。该钻孔钻进了一个超高压变质岩片，其主要榴辉岩、片麻岩、超基性岩和少量石英和片岩组成。基于连续样品的详细氧同位素分析可得出下列认识：（1）各种变质矿物的氧同位素成分具有很大的变化，其中石榴石为-7．4～＋6．2‰，绿辉石为-5．2～＋6．5‰。白云母为-4．4- ＋7．1‰，斜长石为-3．1～＋7．6‰，钾长石为4．8～8．3‰，石英为-2．8- ＋9．6‰。（2）整个钻孔剖面的氧同位素成分是连续和逐渐的变化的，而且与岩石类型无关，氧同位素亏损岩石产出的最大深度为3320m。这个深度之下的岩石均具有正常变质岩的氧同位素值。（3）氧同位素明显亏损的变质岩大多出现在正、副片麻岩及其与榴辉岩的互层带。（4）榴辉岩矿物大多具有平衡的氧同位素分异，大多数高压和低压石英脉体具有与它们的围岩类似的氧同位素成分。（5）利用石英．石榴石氧同位素温度计，所获得的榴辉岩变质温度为598～909℃，片麻岩的变质温度为550～786℃。基于这些事实，并结合氧同位素亏损变质岩在地表和浅钻孔中的广泛分布，可以得出以下重要结论：（1）在苏鲁造山带，有大量的表壳岩石与巨量的寒冷气候下的大气降水发生过交换作用，这为新元古代全球冰期的存在提供了重要证据。（2）许多呈厚层产出的花岗质片麻岩具有正常变质岩的氧同位素成分，并缺少超高压变质作用证据。（3）在大陆深俯冲和折返过程中，只存在通道式的水-岩相作用和非常有限的流体活动，与高压退变质有关的流体是原地形成的。（4）新元古代Rodinia超大陆裂解环境下形成的双峰式岩浆活动为大气降水与表壳岩之间的热液蚀变提供了热源。     

苏鲁-大别超高压变质岩的弹性力学性质与密度的关系

我们采集了31块来自中国大陆科学钻探(CCSD)主孔和预先导孔岩芯以及29块苏鲁-大别地区地表露头的典型超高压变质岩,在10～850 MPa的静水压力和室温下测量了60块标本的P波与S波速度,分别建立了纵横波速和围压之间的定量关系,并在此基础上计算了不同压力下各岩石标本的弹性参数即杨氏模量(E)、剪切模量(G)、体模量(K)和泊松比(v),着重探讨了超高压变质岩的弹性力学性质与密度之间的关系.这些最新成果将为超高压变质岩地区以及新老俯冲带地震波资料的解释提供关键的理论和实验基础.     

毛北榴辉岩古地磁及岩石磁学初探

对中国大陆科学钻探孔区——江苏省东海县毛北地区的55块榴辉岩样品进行了古地磁研究,并从中抽样测试了等温剩磁、磁滞迴线、磁组构、热磁化率以及电子探针和镜下分析,结果表明,毛北榴辉岩有两组稳定的剩磁,即反向磁化和正向磁化,稳定剩磁方向分别为:D=94.3°,I=-29.1°和D=273.7°,I=15.4°,携带正向磁化与携带反向磁化样品的磁化强度和密度变化很大;毛北榴辉岩的磁各向异性度非常弱,最小轴方向很难确定;等温剩磁和磁滞迴线显示磁铁矿可能是毛北榴辉岩的主要载磁矿物,且在以Mr/Ms和Hcr/Hc的对数为纵、横坐标的图上落在视单畴(PSD)区域.根据磁性特征,对毛北榴辉岩的磁性载体成因、剩磁获得机制及构造意义进行了讨论.     

安徽歙县浅变质岩系微古植物化石及其形成时代讨论

文章论述了安徽歙县浅变质岩系微古植物化石的产出特点(计有27属40种)和它的时代意义,分析研究了西村组和昌溪组的优势属,分别为Leiominuscula,Leiofusa,Asperatopsophos-phaera,Germinosphaera,Melanocyillum和Germinosphaera,Leiominuscula,Leiopsophosphaera,Triangumorpha,Leiofusa等各5属。通过对比论证,提出西村组、昌溪组形成的地质时代应为中元古代蓟县纪。     

内蒙古中部大青山—乌拉山地区孔兹岩系的变质地层结构及动力学意义

通过对内蒙古大青山—乌拉山地区高级变质杂岩的研究发现,区内孔兹岩系先后遭受到近水平顺层滑脱变形、穹-褶构造和近东西向陡倾叶理带的改造。由于近水平顺层滑脱变形,这些变质地层发生“岩层缺失、隔层相触”,在空间上表现为近水平的长轴近东西向的扁豆体堆叠而成的变质地层结构,而后期近东西向陡倾叶理带的叠加,又使得这些变质地层在空间上以不规则条带状、不规则团块状或透镜状形式出露,各变质地层单位之间及与其他变质岩系之间显现出“犬牙交错、参差产出”的特征,从而显示出十分复杂的变质地层结构。可以确定,区内孔兹岩系至少经历了2个造山旋回,近水平顺层滑脱变形构造及对应的变质地层结构是早期造山旋回后期阶段的产物,而近东西向陡倾叶理带及相应的变质地层结构则属于后期造山旋回。     

Geodynamics of the Early Precambrian,Part 2: Formation of continental crust and sedimentary basins,specificity of the lithosphere

This part of work is aimed at consideration of problems concerning evolution of geodynamic processes based on characteristic structures of the Early Precambrian and their rocks. Considered in the paper are structures characterizing existence of mature continental crust (sedimentary basins), development of the crust (metamorphic belts and granitoids) and underlying upper mantle (lithospheric keel), and amalgamation of crustal domains (continents, microcontinents, terrains) into supercontinents. Geodynamic phenomena of the Early Precambrian comparable with the Phanerozoic ones are distinguishable, on the one hand, and their changes with time of evolutionary character are detectable, on the other. The latter are satisfactorily explainable by secular lowering of the mantle temperature in general and above the top of mantle plumes.